diff --git a/.oxlintrc.json b/.oxlintrc.json
index d6c2c4133..0a80a84ca 100644
--- a/.oxlintrc.json
+++ b/.oxlintrc.json
@@ -71,7 +71,8 @@
           "exclude": [
             "Trans",
             "Icon",
-            "TablerIcon"
+            "TablerIcon",
+            "code"
           ]
         },
         "jsx-attributes": {
@@ -92,6 +93,7 @@
             "data-state",
             "data-side",
             "data-align",
+            "testId",
             "to",
             "href",
             "src",
@@ -297,7 +299,13 @@
             "^loading$",
             "loading...",
             "^--$",
-            "^≈ --$"
+            "^≈ --$",
+            "^/help$",
+            "^/clear$",
+            "^/vars$",
+            "^/copy$",
+            "^\\$[\\w{}]+$",
+            "^✕$"
           ]
         }
       }
@@ -329,8 +337,7 @@
     "**/*.stories.ts",
     "src/test/**",
     "scripts/**",
-    "e2e/**",
-    "src/services/bioforest-sdk/bioforest-chain-bundle.*"
+    "e2e/**"
   ],
   "settings": {
     "react": {
diff --git a/miniapps/forge/scripts/e2e.ts b/miniapps/forge/scripts/e2e.ts
index 46092d1d0..6bae299ce 100644
--- a/miniapps/forge/scripts/e2e.ts
+++ b/miniapps/forge/scripts/e2e.ts
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ async function main() {
   const updateSnapshots = args.has('--update-snapshots') || args.has('-u')
   
   const port = await findAvailablePort(5184)
-  console.log(`[e2e] Using port ${port}`)
+  process.stdout.write(`[e2e] Using port ${port}\n`)
   
   // Start vite dev server
   const vite = spawn('pnpm', ['vite', '--port', String(port)], {
@@ -48,23 +48,30 @@ async function main() {
   })
   
   vite.stderr?.on('data', (data) => {
-    console.error(data.toString())
+    process.stderr.write(data.toString())
   })
   
   // Wait for server to be ready
   const maxWait = 30000
   const startTime = Date.now()
-  while (!serverReady && Date.now() - startTime < maxWait) {
-    await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 200))
-  }
+  await new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+    const checkReady = () => {
+      if (serverReady || Date.now() - startTime >= maxWait) {
+        resolve()
+        return
+      }
+      setTimeout(checkReady, 200)
+    }
+    checkReady()
+  })
   
   if (!serverReady) {
-    console.error('[e2e] Server failed to start')
+    process.stderr.write('[e2e] Server failed to start\n')
     vite.kill()
     process.exit(1)
   }
   
-  console.log('[e2e] Server ready, running tests...')
+  process.stdout.write('[e2e] Server ready, running tests...\n')
   
   // Run playwright
   const playwrightArgs = ['playwright', 'test']
diff --git a/miniapps/forge/src/App.tsx b/miniapps/forge/src/App.tsx
index dc4b7a03e..5001a6f10 100644
--- a/miniapps/forge/src/App.tsx
+++ b/miniapps/forge/src/App.tsx
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ export default function App() {
 
           {/* Redemption Mode */}
           {mode === 'redemption' && config && !configLoading && (
-            <RedemptionForm config={config} onSuccess={(orderId) => {}} />
+            <RedemptionForm config={config} onSuccess={(_orderId) => {}} />
           )}
 
           {/* Recharge Mode */}
@@ -429,7 +429,10 @@ export default function App() {
                   <Card>
                     <CardHeader className="pb-2">
                       <CardDescription>
-                        {t('forge.pay')} ({getChainName(selectedOption.externalChain)})
+                        {t('common.chainLabel', {
+                          label: t('forge.pay'),
+                          chain: getChainName(selectedOption.externalChain),
+                        })}
                       </CardDescription>
                     </CardHeader>
                     <CardContent className="space-y-3">
@@ -477,7 +480,10 @@ export default function App() {
                   <Card>
                     <CardHeader className="pb-2">
                       <CardDescription>
-                        {t('forge.receive')} ({getChainName(selectedOption.internalChain)})
+                        {t('common.chainLabel', {
+                          label: t('forge.receive'),
+                          chain: getChainName(selectedOption.internalChain),
+                        })}
                       </CardDescription>
                     </CardHeader>
                     <CardContent className="space-y-3">
@@ -502,7 +508,7 @@ export default function App() {
                       <CardContent className="space-y-2 py-3 text-sm">
                         <div className="flex justify-between">
                           <span className="text-muted-foreground">{t('forge.ratio')}</span>
-                          <span>1:1</span>
+                          <span>{t('forge.ratioValue')}</span>
                         </div>
                         <div className="flex justify-between">
                           <span className="text-muted-foreground">{t('forge.depositAddress')}</span>
@@ -540,7 +546,10 @@ export default function App() {
                     <CardContent className="space-y-4 py-6 text-center">
                       <div>
                         <CardDescription className="mb-1">
-                          {t('forge.pay')} ({getChainName(selectedOption.externalChain)})
+                          {t('common.chainLabel', {
+                            label: t('forge.pay'),
+                            chain: getChainName(selectedOption.externalChain),
+                          })}
                         </CardDescription>
                         <div className="flex items-center justify-center gap-2 text-3xl font-bold">
                           <TokenAvatar symbol={selectedOption.externalAsset} size="sm" />
@@ -556,7 +565,10 @@ export default function App() {
                       </div>
                       <div>
                         <CardDescription className="mb-1">
-                          {t('forge.receive')} ({getChainName(selectedOption.internalChain)})
+                          {t('common.chainLabel', {
+                            label: t('forge.receive'),
+                            chain: getChainName(selectedOption.internalChain),
+                          })}
                         </CardDescription>
                         <div className="flex items-center justify-center gap-2 text-3xl font-bold text-blue-500">
                           <TokenAvatar symbol={selectedOption.internalAsset} size="sm" />
@@ -570,14 +582,14 @@ export default function App() {
                     <CardContent className="space-y-3 py-4 text-sm">
                       <div className="flex justify-between">
                         <span className="text-muted-foreground">{t('forge.ratio')}</span>
-                        <span>1:1</span>
+                        <span>{t('forge.ratioValue')}</span>
                       </div>
                       <Separator />
                       <div className="flex justify-between">
                         <span className="text-muted-foreground">{t('forge.network')}</span>
                         <div className="flex gap-2">
                           <Badge variant="outline">{getChainName(selectedOption.externalChain)}</Badge>
-                          <span>→</span>
+                          <span>{t('common.arrow')}</span>
                           <Badge variant="outline">{getChainName(selectedOption.internalChain)}</Badge>
                         </div>
                       </div>
@@ -659,7 +671,9 @@ export default function App() {
                     </p>
                     {forgeHook.orderId && (
                       <p className="text-muted-foreground font-mono text-xs">
-                        {t('success.orderId')}: {forgeHook.orderId.slice(0, 16)}...
+                        {t('success.orderIdLabel', {
+                          id: `${forgeHook.orderId.slice(0, 16)}...`,
+                        })}
                       </p>
                     )}
                   </div>
@@ -674,7 +688,12 @@ export default function App() {
           {/* Token Picker Modal */}
           {pickerOpen && (
             <div className="fixed inset-0 z-50">
-              <div className="absolute inset-0 bg-black/60 backdrop-blur-sm" onClick={() => setPickerOpen(false)} />
+              <button
+                type="button"
+                aria-label={t('picker.close')}
+                className="absolute inset-0 bg-black/60 backdrop-blur-sm"
+                onClick={() => setPickerOpen(false)}
+              />
               <div className="bg-card border-border animate-in slide-in-from-bottom absolute right-0 bottom-0 left-0 rounded-t-2xl border-t">
                 <div className="border-border flex items-center justify-between border-b p-4">
                   <CardTitle>{t('picker.title')}</CardTitle>
@@ -702,10 +721,16 @@ export default function App() {
                               <TokenAvatar symbol={option.externalAsset} size="md" />
                               <div className="flex-1">
                                 <CardTitle className="text-base">
-                                  {option.externalAsset} → {option.internalAsset}
+                                  {t('picker.optionAssets', {
+                                    from: option.externalAsset,
+                                    to: option.internalAsset,
+                                  })}
                                 </CardTitle>
                                 <CardDescription>
-                                  {getChainName(option.externalChain)} → {getChainName(option.internalChain)}
+                                  {t('picker.optionChains', {
+                                    from: getChainName(option.externalChain),
+                                    to: getChainName(option.internalChain),
+                                  })}
                                 </CardDescription>
                               </div>
                               {selectedOption?.externalAsset === option.externalAsset &&
diff --git a/miniapps/forge/src/api/recharge.ts b/miniapps/forge/src/api/recharge.ts
index ffa55f14e..96ff7d28b 100644
--- a/miniapps/forge/src/api/recharge.ts
+++ b/miniapps/forge/src/api/recharge.ts
@@ -49,20 +49,28 @@ async function convertTronAddresses(item: ExternalAssetInfoItem): Promise<Extern
  */
 async function transformSupportResponse(response: RechargeSupportResDto): Promise<RechargeSupportResDto> {
   const recharge = { ...response.recharge }
+  const pending: Array<Promise<void>> = []
   
   for (const chainName of Object.keys(recharge)) {
     const assets = recharge[chainName]
     for (const assetType of Object.keys(assets)) {
       const item = assets[assetType]
       if (item.supportChain?.TRON) {
-        item.supportChain = {
-          ...item.supportChain,
-          TRON: await convertTronAddresses(item.supportChain.TRON),
-        }
+        const task = convertTronAddresses(item.supportChain.TRON).then((tronAddresses) => {
+          item.supportChain = {
+            ...item.supportChain,
+            TRON: tronAddresses,
+          }
+        })
+        pending.push(task)
       }
     }
   }
-  
+
+  if (pending.length > 0) {
+    await Promise.all(pending)
+  }
+
   return { recharge }
 }
 
diff --git a/miniapps/forge/src/components/FireButton.stories.tsx b/miniapps/forge/src/components/FireButton.stories.tsx
index 76730bc4d..fcee031fe 100644
--- a/miniapps/forge/src/components/FireButton.stories.tsx
+++ b/miniapps/forge/src/components/FireButton.stories.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 import type { Meta, StoryObj } from '@storybook/react-vite'
 import { FireButton } from './FireButton'
 import { Zap } from 'lucide-react'
+import { t } from 'i18next'
+import '../i18n'
 
 const meta = {
   title: 'Components/FireButton',
@@ -16,7 +18,7 @@ type Story = StoryObj<typeof meta>
 
 export const Default: Story = {
   args: {
-    children: '连接钱包',
+    children: t('connect.button'),
   },
 }
 
@@ -25,7 +27,7 @@ export const WithIcon: Story = {
     children: (
       <>
         <Zap className="size-4" />
-        <span>开始锻造</span>
+        <span>{t('forge.start')}</span>
       </>
     ),
   },
@@ -33,14 +35,14 @@ export const WithIcon: Story = {
 
 export const Disabled: Story = {
   args: {
-    children: '处理中...',
+    children: t('processing.default'),
     disabled: true,
   },
 }
 
 export const Wide: Story = {
   args: {
-    children: '确认交易',
+    children: t('forge.confirm'),
     className: 'max-w-xs',
   },
   decorators: [
diff --git a/miniapps/forge/src/components/RedemptionForm.tsx b/miniapps/forge/src/components/RedemptionForm.tsx
index 506f84149..a2403de28 100644
--- a/miniapps/forge/src/components/RedemptionForm.tsx
+++ b/miniapps/forge/src/components/RedemptionForm.tsx
@@ -110,7 +110,9 @@ export function RedemptionForm({ config, onSuccess }: RedemptionFormProps) {
   useEffect(() => {
     if (redemption.step === 'success') {
       setStep('success')
-      onSuccess?.(redemption.orderId!)
+      if (redemption.orderId) {
+        onSuccess?.(redemption.orderId)
+      }
     } else if (redemption.step === 'error') {
       setError(redemption.error)
       setStep('confirm')
@@ -255,7 +257,10 @@ export function RedemptionForm({ config, onSuccess }: RedemptionFormProps) {
                 )}
               >
                 <button type="button" onClick={() => setSelectedOption(opt)}>
-                  {opt.internalAsset} → {getChainName(opt.externalChain)}
+                  {t('redemption.optionLabel', {
+                    asset: opt.internalAsset,
+                    chain: getChainName(opt.externalChain),
+                  })}
                 </button>
               </Badge>
             ))}
@@ -278,7 +283,10 @@ export function RedemptionForm({ config, onSuccess }: RedemptionFormProps) {
           <Card>
             <CardHeader className="pb-2">
               <CardDescription>
-                {t('redemption.from')} ({getChainName(selectedOption.internalChain)})
+                {t('common.chainLabel', {
+                  label: t('redemption.from'),
+                  chain: getChainName(selectedOption.internalChain),
+                })}
               </CardDescription>
             </CardHeader>
             <CardContent className="space-y-3">
@@ -300,7 +308,10 @@ export function RedemptionForm({ config, onSuccess }: RedemptionFormProps) {
               </div>
               {selectedOption.rechargeItem.redemption && (
                 <div className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
-                  {t('redemption.limits')}: {formatAmount(String(selectedOption.rechargeItem.redemption.min))} - {formatAmount(String(selectedOption.rechargeItem.redemption.max))}
+                  {t('redemption.limitsRange', {
+                    min: formatAmount(String(selectedOption.rechargeItem.redemption.min)),
+                    max: formatAmount(String(selectedOption.rechargeItem.redemption.max)),
+                  })}
                 </div>
               )}
             </CardContent>
@@ -319,7 +330,10 @@ export function RedemptionForm({ config, onSuccess }: RedemptionFormProps) {
           <Card>
             <CardHeader className="pb-2">
               <CardDescription>
-                {t('redemption.to')} ({getChainName(selectedOption.externalChain)})
+                {t('common.chainLabel', {
+                  label: t('redemption.to'),
+                  chain: getChainName(selectedOption.externalChain),
+                })}
               </CardDescription>
             </CardHeader>
             <CardContent className="space-y-3">
@@ -379,7 +393,10 @@ export function RedemptionForm({ config, onSuccess }: RedemptionFormProps) {
             <CardContent className="py-6 text-center space-y-4">
               <div>
                 <CardDescription className="mb-1">
-                  {t('redemption.from')} ({getChainName(selectedOption.internalChain)})
+                  {t('common.chainLabel', {
+                    label: t('redemption.from'),
+                    chain: getChainName(selectedOption.internalChain),
+                  })}
                 </CardDescription>
                 <div className="text-3xl font-bold flex items-center justify-center gap-2">
                   <TokenAvatar symbol={selectedOption.internalAsset} size="sm" />
@@ -395,7 +412,10 @@ export function RedemptionForm({ config, onSuccess }: RedemptionFormProps) {
               </div>
               <div>
                 <CardDescription className="mb-1">
-                  {t('redemption.to')} ({getChainName(selectedOption.externalChain)})
+                  {t('common.chainLabel', {
+                    label: t('redemption.to'),
+                    chain: getChainName(selectedOption.externalChain),
+                  })}
                 </CardDescription>
                 <div className="text-3xl font-bold text-blue-500 flex items-center justify-center gap-2">
                   <TokenAvatar symbol={selectedOption.externalAsset} size="sm" />
@@ -471,7 +491,9 @@ export function RedemptionForm({ config, onSuccess }: RedemptionFormProps) {
             </p>
             {redemption.orderId && (
               <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground font-mono">
-                {t('success.orderId')}: {redemption.orderId.slice(0, 16)}...
+                {t('success.orderIdLabel', {
+                  id: `${redemption.orderId.slice(0, 16)}...`,
+                })}
               </p>
             )}
           </div>
diff --git a/miniapps/forge/src/hooks/useForge.ts b/miniapps/forge/src/hooks/useForge.ts
index 42d39b429..28378889f 100644
--- a/miniapps/forge/src/hooks/useForge.ts
+++ b/miniapps/forge/src/hooks/useForge.ts
@@ -228,7 +228,6 @@ export function useForge() {
 
       setState({ step: 'success', orderId: res.orderId, error: null })
     } catch (err) {
-      console.error('[forge] submit failed', err)
       setState({
         step: 'error',
         orderId: null,
diff --git a/miniapps/forge/src/i18n/index.ts b/miniapps/forge/src/i18n/index.ts
index f21df82ff..8716c0408 100644
--- a/miniapps/forge/src/i18n/index.ts
+++ b/miniapps/forge/src/i18n/index.ts
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ try {
       savedLanguage = parsed.language as LanguageCode
     }
   }
-} catch (e) {
+} catch {
   // Ignore error
 }
 
diff --git a/miniapps/forge/src/i18n/locales/en.json b/miniapps/forge/src/i18n/locales/en.json
index 104f86b85..6e55b75bc 100644
--- a/miniapps/forge/src/i18n/locales/en.json
+++ b/miniapps/forge/src/i18n/locales/en.json
@@ -16,9 +16,11 @@
     "pay": "Pay",
     "receive": "Receive",
     "ratio": "Exchange Ratio",
+    "ratioValue": "1:1",
     "depositAddress": "Deposit Address",
     "network": "Network",
     "preview": "Preview Transaction",
+    "start": "Start Forge",
     "confirm": "Confirm Recharge",
     "continue": "Continue",
     "amountHint": "Amount is in {{symbol}}",
@@ -31,7 +33,9 @@
     "connect": "Connect Wallet",
     "from": "From",
     "to": "To",
+    "optionLabel": "{{asset}} → {{chain}}",
     "limits": "Limits",
+    "limitsRange": "Limits: {{min}} - {{max}}",
     "fee": "Fee",
     "receivable": "You will receive",
     "addressPlaceholder": "Enter external chain address",
@@ -64,7 +68,8 @@
   },
   "success": {
     "title": "Complete",
-    "orderId": "Order"
+    "orderId": "Order",
+    "orderIdLabel": "Order: {{id}}"
   },
   "error": {
     "sdkNotInit": "Bio SDK not initialized",
@@ -74,10 +79,15 @@
   },
   "picker": {
     "title": "Select Token",
-    "selected": "Selected"
+    "selected": "Selected",
+    "close": "Close",
+    "optionAssets": "{{from}} → {{to}}",
+    "optionChains": "{{from}} → {{to}}"
   },
   "common": {
-    "back": "Back"
+    "back": "Back",
+    "arrow": "→",
+    "chainLabel": "{{label}} ({{chain}})"
   },
   "chain": {
     "ETH": "Ethereum",
diff --git a/miniapps/forge/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN.json b/miniapps/forge/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN.json
index 214d5e02b..aaa2789e3 100644
--- a/miniapps/forge/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN.json
+++ b/miniapps/forge/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN.json
@@ -16,9 +16,11 @@
     "pay": "支付",
     "receive": "获得",
     "ratio": "兑换比例",
+    "ratioValue": "1:1",
     "depositAddress": "充值地址",
     "network": "网络",
     "preview": "预览交易",
+    "start": "开始锻造",
     "confirm": "确认充值",
     "continue": "继续",
     "amountHint": "数量单位：{{symbol}}",
@@ -31,7 +33,9 @@
     "connect": "连接钱包",
     "from": "从",
     "to": "到",
+    "optionLabel": "{{asset}} → {{chain}}",
     "limits": "限额",
+    "limitsRange": "限额：{{min}} - {{max}}",
     "fee": "手续费",
     "receivable": "预计到账",
     "addressPlaceholder": "输入外链地址",
@@ -64,7 +68,8 @@
   },
   "success": {
     "title": "完成",
-    "orderId": "订单"
+    "orderId": "订单",
+    "orderIdLabel": "订单：{{id}}"
   },
   "error": {
     "sdkNotInit": "Bio SDK 未初始化",
@@ -74,10 +79,15 @@
   },
   "picker": {
     "title": "选择币种",
-    "selected": "已选"
+    "selected": "已选",
+    "close": "关闭",
+    "optionAssets": "{{from}} → {{to}}",
+    "optionChains": "{{from}} → {{to}}"
   },
   "common": {
-    "back": "返回"
+    "back": "返回",
+    "arrow": "→",
+    "chainLabel": "{{label}}（{{chain}}）"
   },
   "chain": {
     "ETH": "Ethereum",
diff --git a/miniapps/forge/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW.json b/miniapps/forge/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW.json
index 8aee5414e..744f5d7bc 100644
--- a/miniapps/forge/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW.json
+++ b/miniapps/forge/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW.json
@@ -16,9 +16,11 @@
     "pay": "支付",
     "receive": "獲得",
     "ratio": "兌換比例",
+    "ratioValue": "1:1",
     "depositAddress": "充值地址",
     "network": "網絡",
     "preview": "預覽交易",
+    "start": "開始鍛造",
     "confirm": "確認充值",
     "continue": "繼續",
     "amountHint": "數量單位：{{symbol}}",
@@ -31,7 +33,9 @@
     "connect": "連接錢包",
     "from": "從",
     "to": "到",
+    "optionLabel": "{{asset}} → {{chain}}",
     "limits": "限額",
+    "limitsRange": "限額：{{min}} - {{max}}",
     "fee": "手續費",
     "receivable": "預計到賬",
     "addressPlaceholder": "輸入外鏈地址",
@@ -64,7 +68,8 @@
   },
   "success": {
     "title": "完成",
-    "orderId": "訂單"
+    "orderId": "訂單",
+    "orderIdLabel": "訂單：{{id}}"
   },
   "error": {
     "sdkNotInit": "Bio SDK 未初始化",
@@ -74,10 +79,15 @@
   },
   "picker": {
     "title": "選擇幣種",
-    "selected": "已選"
+    "selected": "已選",
+    "close": "關閉",
+    "optionAssets": "{{from}} → {{to}}",
+    "optionChains": "{{from}} → {{to}}"
   },
   "common": {
-    "back": "返回"
+    "back": "返回",
+    "arrow": "→",
+    "chainLabel": "{{label}}（{{chain}}）"
   },
   "chain": {
     "ETH": "Ethereum",
diff --git a/miniapps/forge/src/i18n/locales/zh.json b/miniapps/forge/src/i18n/locales/zh.json
index 214d5e02b..aaa2789e3 100644
--- a/miniapps/forge/src/i18n/locales/zh.json
+++ b/miniapps/forge/src/i18n/locales/zh.json
@@ -16,9 +16,11 @@
     "pay": "支付",
     "receive": "获得",
     "ratio": "兑换比例",
+    "ratioValue": "1:1",
     "depositAddress": "充值地址",
     "network": "网络",
     "preview": "预览交易",
+    "start": "开始锻造",
     "confirm": "确认充值",
     "continue": "继续",
     "amountHint": "数量单位：{{symbol}}",
@@ -31,7 +33,9 @@
     "connect": "连接钱包",
     "from": "从",
     "to": "到",
+    "optionLabel": "{{asset}} → {{chain}}",
     "limits": "限额",
+    "limitsRange": "限额：{{min}} - {{max}}",
     "fee": "手续费",
     "receivable": "预计到账",
     "addressPlaceholder": "输入外链地址",
@@ -64,7 +68,8 @@
   },
   "success": {
     "title": "完成",
-    "orderId": "订单"
+    "orderId": "订单",
+    "orderIdLabel": "订单：{{id}}"
   },
   "error": {
     "sdkNotInit": "Bio SDK 未初始化",
@@ -74,10 +79,15 @@
   },
   "picker": {
     "title": "选择币种",
-    "selected": "已选"
+    "selected": "已选",
+    "close": "关闭",
+    "optionAssets": "{{from}} → {{to}}",
+    "optionChains": "{{from}} → {{to}}"
   },
   "common": {
-    "back": "返回"
+    "back": "返回",
+    "arrow": "→",
+    "chainLabel": "{{label}}（{{chain}}）"
   },
   "chain": {
     "ETH": "Ethereum",
diff --git a/miniapps/forge/src/lib/tron-address.ts b/miniapps/forge/src/lib/tron-address.ts
index 921feb257..772970da7 100644
--- a/miniapps/forge/src/lib/tron-address.ts
+++ b/miniapps/forge/src/lib/tron-address.ts
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ function encodeBase58(buffer: Uint8Array): string {
     }
   }
 
-  return leadingZeros + [...digits].reverse().map((d: number) => BASE58_ALPHABET[d]).join('')
+  return leadingZeros + digits.slice().reverse().map((d: number) => BASE58_ALPHABET[d]).join('')
 }
 
 /**
@@ -86,7 +86,11 @@ export async function tronHexToBase58(hexAddress: string): Promise<string> {
   }
 
   // Convert hex to bytes
-  const addressBytes = new Uint8Array(hex.match(/.{2}/g)!.map(byte => parseInt(byte, 16)))
+  const hexPairs = hex.match(/.{2}/g)
+  if (!hexPairs) {
+    throw new Error(`Invalid TRON hex address: ${hexAddress}`)
+  }
+  const addressBytes = new Uint8Array(hexPairs.map(byte => parseInt(byte, 16)))
 
   // Calculate checksum: SHA256(SHA256(address)) first 4 bytes
   const hash1 = await sha256(addressBytes)
diff --git a/miniapps/forge/src/main.tsx b/miniapps/forge/src/main.tsx
index cfa4bd4dd..207d0fb31 100644
--- a/miniapps/forge/src/main.tsx
+++ b/miniapps/forge/src/main.tsx
@@ -6,7 +6,12 @@ import { StrictMode } from 'react'
 import { createRoot } from 'react-dom/client'
 import App from './App'
 
-createRoot(document.getElementById('root')!).render(
+const rootElement = document.getElementById('root')
+if (!rootElement) {
+  throw new Error('Root element not found')
+}
+
+createRoot(rootElement).render(
   <StrictMode>
     <App />
   </StrictMode>
diff --git a/miniapps/teleport/scripts/e2e.ts b/miniapps/teleport/scripts/e2e.ts
index c41ed3def..f41f9ebed 100644
--- a/miniapps/teleport/scripts/e2e.ts
+++ b/miniapps/teleport/scripts/e2e.ts
@@ -43,16 +43,21 @@ async function main() {
     }
   })
   
-  vite.stderr?.on('data', (data) => {
-    
-  })
+  vite.stderr?.on('data', (_data) => {})
   
   // Wait for server to be ready
   const maxWait = 30000
   const startTime = Date.now()
-  while (!serverReady && Date.now() - startTime < maxWait) {
-    await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 200))
-  }
+  await new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+    const checkReady = () => {
+      if (serverReady || Date.now() - startTime >= maxWait) {
+        resolve()
+        return
+      }
+      setTimeout(checkReady, 200)
+    }
+    checkReady()
+  })
   
   if (!serverReady) {
     
diff --git a/packages/chain-effect/src/debug.ts b/packages/chain-effect/src/debug.ts
index 18295094a..b49bdaafc 100644
--- a/packages/chain-effect/src/debug.ts
+++ b/packages/chain-effect/src/debug.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 type DebugSetting = boolean | string | undefined
+type DebugLogger = (...args: Array<string | number | boolean>) => void
 
 function readLocalStorageSetting(): DebugSetting {
   if (typeof globalThis === "undefined") return undefined
@@ -47,3 +48,30 @@ export function isChainEffectDebugEnabled(message: string): boolean {
   if (regex) return regex.test(message)
   return message.includes(setting)
 }
+
+function readDebugLogger(): DebugLogger | null {
+  if (typeof globalThis === "undefined") return null
+  const store = globalThis as typeof globalThis & { __CHAIN_EFFECT_LOG__?: unknown }
+  const value = store.__CHAIN_EFFECT_LOG__
+  return typeof value === "function" ? (value as DebugLogger) : null
+}
+
+export function formatChainEffectError(error: unknown): string {
+  if (error instanceof Error) return error.message
+  if (typeof error === "string") return error
+  try {
+    return JSON.stringify(error)
+  } catch {
+    return String(error)
+  }
+}
+
+export function logChainEffectDebug(
+  message: string,
+  ...args: Array<string | number | boolean>
+): void {
+  if (!isChainEffectDebugEnabled(message)) return
+  const logger = readDebugLogger()
+  if (!logger) return
+  logger("[chain-effect]", message, ...args)
+}
diff --git a/packages/chain-effect/src/http-cache.ts b/packages/chain-effect/src/http-cache.ts
index d06cd1f33..fb9012aad 100644
--- a/packages/chain-effect/src/http-cache.ts
+++ b/packages/chain-effect/src/http-cache.ts
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ function toStableJson(value: unknown): unknown {
     return value.map(toStableJson)
   }
   const sorted: UnknownRecord = {}
-  for (const key of Object.keys(value).sort()) {
+  for (const key of Object.keys(value).slice().sort()) {
     sorted[key] = toStableJson(value[key])
   }
   return sorted
diff --git a/packages/chain-effect/src/http.ts b/packages/chain-effect/src/http.ts
index 78ce4c82f..390e84e8b 100644
--- a/packages/chain-effect/src/http.ts
+++ b/packages/chain-effect/src/http.ts
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 import { Effect, Schedule, Duration, Option } from 'effect';
 import { Schema } from 'effect';
 import { getFromCache, putToCache, deleteFromCache } from './http-cache';
+import { formatChainEffectError, logChainEffectDebug } from './debug';
 
 // ==================== Error Types ====================
 
@@ -261,7 +262,7 @@ function toStableJson(value: unknown): unknown {
     return value.map(toStableJson);
   }
   const sorted: UnknownRecord = {};
-  for (const key of Object.keys(value).sort()) {
+  for (const key of Object.keys(value).slice().sort()) {
     sorted[key] = toStableJson(value[key]);
   }
   return sorted;
@@ -296,7 +297,7 @@ export function httpFetchCached<T>(options: CachedFetchOptions<T>): Effect.Effec
   return Effect.promise(async () => {
     const pending = pendingRequests.get(cacheKey);
     if (pending) {
-      console.log(`[httpFetchCached] PENDING: ${options.url}`);
+      logChainEffectDebug('httpFetchCached pending', options.url);
       return pending as Promise<T>;
     }
 
@@ -305,7 +306,11 @@ export function httpFetchCached<T>(options: CachedFetchOptions<T>): Effect.Effec
       try {
         return await canCache(result);
       } catch (error) {
-        console.error(`[httpFetchCached] CAN-CACHE ERROR: ${options.url}`, error);
+        logChainEffectDebug(
+          'httpFetchCached can-cache error',
+          options.url,
+          formatChainEffectError(error),
+        );
         return false;
       }
     };
@@ -321,10 +326,10 @@ export function httpFetchCached<T>(options: CachedFetchOptions<T>): Effect.Effec
       if (cacheStrategy === 'cache-first') {
         // Cache-First: 有缓存就返回
         if (Option.isSome(cached) && cachedUsable && cachedValue !== null) {
-          console.log(`[httpFetchCached] CACHE-FIRST HIT: ${options.url}`);
+          logChainEffectDebug('httpFetchCached cache-first hit', options.url);
           return cachedValue;
         }
-        console.log(`[httpFetchCached] CACHE-FIRST MISS: ${options.url}`);
+        logChainEffectDebug('httpFetchCached cache-first miss', options.url);
         try {
           const result = await Effect.runPromise(httpFetch(fetchOptions));
           if (await shouldCache(result)) {
@@ -332,7 +337,11 @@ export function httpFetchCached<T>(options: CachedFetchOptions<T>): Effect.Effec
           }
           return result;
         } catch (error) {
-          console.error(`[httpFetchCached] CACHE-FIRST FETCH ERROR: ${options.url}`, error);
+          logChainEffectDebug(
+            'httpFetchCached cache-first fetch error',
+            options.url,
+            formatChainEffectError(error),
+          );
           throw error;
         }
       }
@@ -340,16 +349,20 @@ export function httpFetchCached<T>(options: CachedFetchOptions<T>): Effect.Effec
       if (cacheStrategy === 'network-first') {
         // Network-First: 尝试 fetch，失败用缓存
         try {
-          console.log(`[httpFetchCached] NETWORK-FIRST FETCH: ${options.url}`);
+          logChainEffectDebug('httpFetchCached network-first fetch', options.url);
           const result = await Effect.runPromise(httpFetch(fetchOptions));
           if (await shouldCache(result)) {
             await Effect.runPromise(putToCache(options.url, options.body, result));
           }
           return result;
         } catch (error) {
-          console.error(`[httpFetchCached] NETWORK-FIRST FETCH ERROR: ${options.url}`, error);
+          logChainEffectDebug(
+            'httpFetchCached network-first fetch error',
+            options.url,
+            formatChainEffectError(error),
+          );
           if (Option.isSome(cached) && cachedUsable && cachedValue !== null) {
-            console.log(`[httpFetchCached] NETWORK-FIRST FALLBACK: ${options.url}`);
+            logChainEffectDebug('httpFetchCached network-first fallback', options.url);
             return cachedValue;
           }
           throw error;
@@ -360,12 +373,22 @@ export function httpFetchCached<T>(options: CachedFetchOptions<T>): Effect.Effec
       if (Option.isSome(cached) && cachedUsable) {
         const age = Date.now() - cached.value.timestamp;
         if (age < cacheTtl) {
-          console.log(`[httpFetchCached] TTL HIT: ${options.url} (age: ${age}ms, ttl: ${cacheTtl}ms)`);
+          logChainEffectDebug(
+            'httpFetchCached ttl hit',
+            options.url,
+            `age=${age}ms`,
+            `ttl=${cacheTtl}ms`,
+          );
           return cachedValue as T;
         }
-        console.log(`[httpFetchCached] TTL EXPIRED: ${options.url} (age: ${age}ms, ttl: ${cacheTtl}ms)`);
+        logChainEffectDebug(
+          'httpFetchCached ttl expired',
+          options.url,
+          `age=${age}ms`,
+          `ttl=${cacheTtl}ms`,
+        );
       } else {
-        console.log(`[httpFetchCached] TTL MISS: ${options.url}`);
+        logChainEffectDebug('httpFetchCached ttl miss', options.url);
       }
 
       try {
@@ -375,7 +398,11 @@ export function httpFetchCached<T>(options: CachedFetchOptions<T>): Effect.Effec
         }
         return result;
       } catch (error) {
-        console.error(`[httpFetchCached] TTL FETCH ERROR: ${options.url}`, error);
+        logChainEffectDebug(
+          'httpFetchCached ttl fetch error',
+          options.url,
+          formatChainEffectError(error),
+        );
         throw error;
       }
     })();
diff --git a/packages/chain-effect/src/instance.ts b/packages/chain-effect/src/instance.ts
index 93f07ac93..3e9074660 100644
--- a/packages/chain-effect/src/instance.ts
+++ b/packages/chain-effect/src/instance.ts
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 import { useState, useEffect, useCallback, useRef, useMemo, useSyncExternalStore } from "react"
 import { Effect, Stream, Fiber } from "effect"
 import type { FetchError } from "./http"
-import { isChainEffectDebugEnabled } from "./debug"
+import { formatChainEffectError, logChainEffectDebug } from "./debug"
 import type { DataSource } from "./source"
 
 type UnknownRecord = Record<string, unknown>
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ function toStableJson(value: unknown): unknown {
     return value.map(toStableJson)
   }
   const sorted: UnknownRecord = {}
-  for (const key of Object.keys(value).sort()) {
+  for (const key of Object.keys(value).slice().sort()) {
     sorted[key] = toStableJson(value[key])
   }
   return sorted
@@ -67,10 +67,8 @@ function summarizeValue(value: unknown): string {
   return String(value)
 }
 
-function debugLog(...args: Array<string | number | boolean>): void {
-  const message = `[chain-effect] ${args.join(" ")}`
-  if (!isChainEffectDebugEnabled(message)) return
-  console.log("[chain-effect]", ...args)
+function debugLog(message: string, ...args: Array<string | number | boolean>): void {
+  logChainEffectDebug(message, ...args)
 }
 
 /** 兼容旧 API 的 StreamInstance 接口 */
@@ -190,7 +188,7 @@ export function createStreamInstanceFromSource<TInput, TOutput>(
           Effect.catchAllCause((cause) =>
             Effect.sync(() => {
               if (cancelled) return
-              console.error(`[${name}] changes stream failed:`, cause)
+              debugLog(`${name} changes stream failed`, formatChainEffectError(cause))
               onError?.(cause)
             })
           )
@@ -203,7 +201,7 @@ export function createStreamInstanceFromSource<TInput, TOutput>(
           releaseSource(input)
         }
       }).catch((err) => {
-        console.error(`[${name}] getOrCreateSource failed:`, err)
+        debugLog(`${name} getOrCreateSource failed`, formatChainEffectError(err))
         onError?.(err)
       })
 
@@ -239,6 +237,8 @@ export function createStreamInstanceFromSource<TInput, TOutput>(
         setIsFetching(true)
         setError(undefined)
 
+        debugLog(`${name} subscribe`, inputKey)
+        debugLog(`${name} subscribe`, inputKey)
         const unsubscribe = instanceRef.current.subscribe(
           inputRef.current,
           (newData: TOutput) => {
@@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ export function createStreamInstance<TInput, TOutput>(
         }
 
         // 检查缓存
-        const key = getInputKey(inputRef.current)
+        const key = inputKey
         const cached = cache.get(key)
         if (cached && Date.now() - cached.timestamp < ttl) {
           snapshotRef.current = cached.value
diff --git a/packages/chain-effect/src/poll-meta.ts b/packages/chain-effect/src/poll-meta.ts
index 6d33f9da8..4d04fa20e 100644
--- a/packages/chain-effect/src/poll-meta.ts
+++ b/packages/chain-effect/src/poll-meta.ts
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@ function getDB(): Promise<IDBDatabase> {
   dbPromise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
     const request = indexedDB.open(DB_NAME, DB_VERSION)
     
-    request.onerror = () => reject(request.error)
-    request.onsuccess = () => resolve(request.result)
+    request.addEventListener("error", () => reject(request.error))
+    request.addEventListener("success", () => resolve(request.result))
     
     request.onupgradeneeded = (event) => {
       const db = (event.target as IDBOpenDBRequest).result
@@ -61,8 +61,8 @@ export const getPollMeta = (key: string): Effect.Effect<PollMeta | null> =>
         const store = tx.objectStore(STORE_NAME)
         const request = store.get(key)
         
-        request.onerror = () => reject(request.error)
-        request.onsuccess = () => resolve(request.result ?? null)
+        request.addEventListener("error", () => reject(request.error))
+        request.addEventListener("success", () => resolve(request.result ?? null))
       })
     },
     catch: (error) => new Error(`Failed to get poll meta: ${error}`),
@@ -82,8 +82,8 @@ export const setPollMeta = (meta: PollMeta): Effect.Effect<void> =>
         const store = tx.objectStore(STORE_NAME)
         const request = store.put(meta)
         
-        request.onerror = () => reject(request.error)
-        request.onsuccess = () => resolve()
+        request.addEventListener("error", () => reject(request.error))
+        request.addEventListener("success", () => resolve())
       })
     },
     catch: (error) => new Error(`Failed to set poll meta: ${error}`),
@@ -103,8 +103,8 @@ export const deletePollMeta = (key: string): Effect.Effect<void> =>
         const store = tx.objectStore(STORE_NAME)
         const request = store.delete(key)
         
-        request.onerror = () => reject(request.error)
-        request.onsuccess = () => resolve()
+        request.addEventListener("error", () => reject(request.error))
+        request.addEventListener("success", () => resolve())
       })
     },
     catch: (error) => new Error(`Failed to delete poll meta: ${error}`),
diff --git a/packages/chain-effect/src/react.ts b/packages/chain-effect/src/react.ts
index 712f67470..880b28d33 100644
--- a/packages/chain-effect/src/react.ts
+++ b/packages/chain-effect/src/react.ts
@@ -145,6 +145,7 @@ export function useEffectOnce<T, E>(
   const depsKey = useMemo(() => JSON.stringify(deps), [deps])
 
   const run = useCallback(async () => {
+    void depsKey
     if (!enabled) {
       setData(undefined)
       setIsLoading(false)
@@ -167,11 +168,11 @@ export function useEffectOnce<T, E>(
       setError(firstError as E)
     }
     setIsLoading(false)
-  }, [effect, enabled])
+  }, [effect, enabled, depsKey])
 
   useEffect(() => {
     run()
-  }, [depsKey, enabled])
+  }, [run])
 
   return { data, isLoading, error, refetch: run }
 }
@@ -196,8 +197,7 @@ export function createStreamHook<TParams, TOutput, TError = unknown>(
     params: TParams,
     options?: UseStreamOptions
   ): UseStreamResult<TOutput, TError> {
-    const paramsKey = useMemo(() => JSON.stringify(params), [params])
-    const stream = useMemo(() => factory(params), [paramsKey])
+    const stream = useMemo(() => factory(params), [params])
     return useStream(stream, options)
   }
 }
diff --git a/packages/chain-effect/src/source-registry.ts b/packages/chain-effect/src/source-registry.ts
index 19d746518..65988944f 100644
--- a/packages/chain-effect/src/source-registry.ts
+++ b/packages/chain-effect/src/source-registry.ts
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import { Effect, Fiber, FiberStatus, Duration, SubscriptionRef, Stream, Schedule
 import type { FetchError } from "./http"
 import type { DataSource } from "./source"
 import { updateNextPollTime, getDelayUntilNextPoll } from "./poll-meta"
+import { formatChainEffectError, logChainEffectDebug } from "./debug"
 
 // ==================== 类型定义 ====================
 
@@ -116,7 +117,11 @@ async function createSourceInternal<T>(
     const pollEffect = Effect.gen(function* () {
       // 计算初始延迟（基于持久化的 nextPollTime）
       const delay = yield* getDelayUntilNextPoll(pollKey, intervalMs)
-      console.log(`[SourceRegistry] Poll fiber started for ${pollKey}, delay: ${delay}ms, interval: ${intervalMs}ms`)
+      logChainEffectDebug(
+        `${pollKey} poll fiber started`,
+        `delay=${delay}ms`,
+        `interval=${intervalMs}ms`
+      )
       if (delay > 0) {
         yield* Effect.sleep(Duration.millis(delay))
       }
@@ -124,14 +129,17 @@ async function createSourceInternal<T>(
       // 开始轮询循环
       yield* Stream.repeatEffect(
         Effect.gen(function* () {
-          console.log(`[SourceRegistry] Polling ${pollKey}...`)
+          logChainEffectDebug(`${pollKey} polling`)
           const result = yield* Effect.catchAll(options.fetch, (error) => {
-            console.error(`[SourceRegistry] Poll error for ${pollKey}:`, error)
+            logChainEffectDebug(
+              `${pollKey} poll error`,
+              formatChainEffectError(error)
+            )
             return Effect.succeed(null as T | null)
           })
           
           if (result !== null) {
-            console.log(`[SourceRegistry] Poll success for ${pollKey}, updating ref`)
+            logChainEffectDebug(`${pollKey} poll success`, "update ref")
             yield* SubscriptionRef.set(ref, result)
             yield* updateNextPollTime(pollKey, intervalMs)
           }
@@ -148,7 +156,10 @@ async function createSourceInternal<T>(
     
     // 执行立即获取
     const immediateResult = yield* Effect.catchAll(options.fetch, (error) => {
-      console.error(`[SourceRegistry] Immediate fetch error for ${key}:`, error)
+      logChainEffectDebug(
+        `${key} immediate fetch error`,
+        formatChainEffectError(error)
+      )
       return Effect.succeed(null as T | null)
     })
     if (immediateResult !== null) {
diff --git a/packages/chain-effect/src/source.ts b/packages/chain-effect/src/source.ts
index 0171faf0c..d6f999594 100644
--- a/packages/chain-effect/src/source.ts
+++ b/packages/chain-effect/src/source.ts
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import { Effect, Stream, Schedule, SubscriptionRef, PubSub, Fiber } from "effect
 import type { Duration } from "effect"
 import type { FetchError } from "./http"
 import type { EventBusService, WalletEventType } from "./event-bus"
-import { isChainEffectDebugEnabled } from "./debug"
+import { formatChainEffectError, logChainEffectDebug } from "./debug"
 
 type UnknownRecord = Record<string, unknown>
 
@@ -33,10 +33,8 @@ function summarizeValue(value: unknown): string {
   return String(value)
 }
 
-function debugLog(...args: Array<string | number | boolean>): void {
-  const message = `[chain-effect] ${args.join(" ")}`
-  if (!isChainEffectDebugEnabled(message)) return
-  console.log("[chain-effect]", ...args)
+function debugLog(message: string, ...args: Array<string | number | boolean>): void {
+  logChainEffectDebug(message, ...args)
 }
 
 // ==================== Event Bus ====================
@@ -282,7 +280,10 @@ export const createDependentSource = <TDep, T>(
               const forceRefresh = acc.prev !== null
               debugLog(`${name} fetch`, forceRefresh ? "force" : "cache")
               const result = yield* Effect.catchAll(fetch(next, forceRefresh), (error) => {
-                console.error(`[DependentSource] ${name} fetch error:`, error)
+                debugLog(
+                  `${name} fetch error`,
+                  formatChainEffectError(error)
+                )
                 return Effect.succeed(null as T | null)
               })
               if (result !== null) {
@@ -307,7 +308,10 @@ export const createDependentSource = <TDep, T>(
     // Stream 的 scanEffect 会从当前依赖值开始追踪，避免首个 changes 触发重复拉取
     if (currentDep !== null) {
       const initialValue = yield* Effect.catchAll(fetch(currentDep, false), (error) => {
-        console.error(`[DependentSource] Initial fetch error for ${name}:`, error)
+        debugLog(
+          `${name} initial fetch error`,
+          formatChainEffectError(error)
+        )
         return Effect.succeed(null as T | null)
       })
       if (initialValue !== null) {
diff --git a/packages/create-miniapp/src/commands/create.ts b/packages/create-miniapp/src/commands/create.ts
index ce3428906..e2121c82b 100644
--- a/packages/create-miniapp/src/commands/create.ts
+++ b/packages/create-miniapp/src/commands/create.ts
@@ -27,12 +27,11 @@ import {
 } from '../utils/inject'
 
 const log = {
-  info: (msg: string) => {},
-  success: (msg: string) => {},
-  warn: (msg: string) => {},
-  error: (msg: string) => {},
-  step: (step: number, total: number, msg: string) =>
-    {},
+  info: (_msg: string) => {},
+  success: (_msg: string) => {},
+  warn: (_msg: string) => {},
+  error: (_msg: string) => {},
+  step: (_step: number, _total: number, _msg: string) => {},
 }
 
 function getNextPort(outputDir: string): number {
diff --git a/packages/key-ui/src/skeleton/Skeleton.tsx b/packages/key-ui/src/skeleton/Skeleton.tsx
index c0f84c2b2..11513de2a 100644
--- a/packages/key-ui/src/skeleton/Skeleton.tsx
+++ b/packages/key-ui/src/skeleton/Skeleton.tsx
@@ -15,10 +15,11 @@ export interface SkeletonTextProps {
 }
 
 export function SkeletonText({ lines = 3, className }: SkeletonTextProps) {
+  const lineKeys = Array.from({ length: lines }, (_, i) => `line-${i + 1}`)
   return (
     <div className={cn('space-y-2', className)}>
-      {Array.from({ length: lines }).map((_, i) => (
-        <Skeleton key={i} className={cn('h-4', i === lines - 1 ? 'w-3/4' : 'w-full')} />
+      {lineKeys.map((key, i) => (
+        <Skeleton key={key} className={cn('h-4', i === lines - 1 ? 'w-3/4' : 'w-full')} />
       ))}
     </div>
   )
@@ -40,10 +41,11 @@ export function SkeletonCard({ className }: SkeletonProps) {
 }
 
 export function SkeletonList({ count = 3, className }: { count?: number; className?: string }) {
+  const itemKeys = Array.from({ length: count }, (_, i) => `item-${i + 1}`)
   return (
     <div className={cn('space-y-3', className)}>
-      {Array.from({ length: count }).map((_, i) => (
-        <div key={i} className="flex items-center gap-3 p-3">
+      {itemKeys.map((key) => (
+        <div key={key} className="flex items-center gap-3 p-3">
           <Skeleton className="aspect-square w-10 shrink-0 rounded-full" />
           <div className="flex-1 space-y-2">
             <Skeleton className="h-4 w-24" />
diff --git a/src/clear/main.ts b/src/clear/main.ts
index f7f1ad4e7..03d8ff25f 100644
--- a/src/clear/main.ts
+++ b/src/clear/main.ts
@@ -30,14 +30,14 @@ const steps: StepElement[] = [
       if (indexedDB.databases) {
         const databases = await indexedDB.databases();
         for (const db of databases) {
-          if (db.name) {
-            await new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
-              const request = indexedDB.deleteDatabase(db.name!);
-              request.onsuccess = () => resolve();
-              request.onerror = () => resolve();
-              request.onblocked = () => resolve();
-            });
-          }
+          if (!db.name) continue;
+          await new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+            const request = indexedDB.deleteDatabase(db.name);
+            const handleFinish = () => resolve();
+            request.addEventListener('success', handleFinish);
+            request.addEventListener('error', handleFinish);
+            request.addEventListener('blocked', handleFinish);
+          });
         }
       }
     },
@@ -55,7 +55,8 @@ const steps: StepElement[] = [
 ];
 
 function createUI() {
-  const root = document.getElementById('root')!;
+  const root = document.getElementById('root');
+  if (!root) return false;
   root.innerHTML = `
     <div class="container fade-in">
       <div class="progress-ring" id="progressRing">
@@ -93,6 +94,7 @@ function createUI() {
       <p class="error-message" id="error"></p>
     </div>
   `;
+  return true;
 }
 
 function delay(ms: number) {
@@ -120,29 +122,31 @@ function setStepDone(stepId: string) {
 
 async function clearAllData() {
   let completed = 0;
-
-  for (const step of steps) {
-    setStepActive(step.id);
-    await delay(300);
-
-    try {
-      await step.action();
-    } catch (e) {}
-
-    setStepDone(step.id);
-    completed++;
-    updateProgress(completed, steps.length);
-  }
+  await steps.reduce(
+    async (prev, step) => {
+      await prev;
+      setStepActive(step.id);
+      await delay(300);
+      try {
+        await step.action();
+      } catch {}
+      setStepDone(step.id);
+      completed++;
+      updateProgress(completed, steps.length);
+    },
+    Promise.resolve(),
+  );
 }
 
 async function main() {
-  createUI();
-
-  const title = document.getElementById('title')!;
-  const status = document.getElementById('status')!;
-  const error = document.getElementById('error')!;
-  const checkIcon = document.getElementById('checkIcon')!;
-  const container = document.querySelector('.container')!;
+  if (!createUI()) return;
+
+  const title = document.getElementById('title');
+  const status = document.getElementById('status');
+  const error = document.getElementById('error');
+  const checkIcon = document.getElementById('checkIcon');
+  const container = document.querySelector('.container');
+  if (!title || !status || !error || !checkIcon || !container) return;
 
   try {
     await clearAllData();
diff --git a/src/components/authorize/AppInfoCard.tsx b/src/components/authorize/AppInfoCard.tsx
index a151c81e3..8b3817a46 100644
--- a/src/components/authorize/AppInfoCard.tsx
+++ b/src/components/authorize/AppInfoCard.tsx
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ function isUnknownOrigin(origin: string): boolean {
 }
 
 export function AppInfoCard({ appInfo, className }: AppInfoCardProps) {
-  const { t } = useTranslation('common');
+  const { t } = useTranslation(['common', 'authorize']);
   const [imageFailed, setImageFailed] = useState(false);
 
   const isUnknown = useMemo(() => isUnknownOrigin(appInfo.origin), [appInfo.origin]);
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ export function AppInfoCard({ appInfo, className }: AppInfoCardProps) {
                 aria-label={t('a11y.unknownApp')}
               >
                 <AlertTriangle className="size-3" />
-                Unknown
+                {t('authorize:unknownApp')}
               </span>
             )}
           </div>
diff --git a/src/components/common/error-boundary.tsx b/src/components/common/error-boundary.tsx
index f8763c68e..ab08cd8ca 100644
--- a/src/components/common/error-boundary.tsx
+++ b/src/components/common/error-boundary.tsx
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
  */
 
 import { Component, type ReactNode, type ErrorInfo } from 'react'
+import i18n from '@/i18n'
+import { captureError } from '@/lib/error-capture'
 
 export interface ErrorBoundaryProps {
   /** 子组件 */
@@ -31,7 +33,7 @@ export class ErrorBoundary extends Component<ErrorBoundaryProps, ErrorBoundarySt
   }
 
   override componentDidCatch(error: Error, errorInfo: ErrorInfo): void {
-    console.error('ErrorBoundary caught an error:', error, errorInfo)
+    captureError(error, errorInfo)
     this.props.onError?.(error, errorInfo)
   }
 
@@ -60,13 +62,13 @@ export class ErrorBoundary extends Component<ErrorBoundaryProps, ErrorBoundarySt
             </svg>
           </div>
           <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground mb-3">
-            出现了一些问题
+            {i18n.t('error:boundary.title')}
           </p>
           <button
             onClick={this.handleReset}
             className="text-xs px-3 py-1.5 rounded-md bg-primary text-primary-foreground hover:bg-primary/90"
           >
-            重试
+            {i18n.t('error:boundary.retry')}
           </button>
         </div>
       )
diff --git a/src/components/common/provider-fallback-warning.tsx b/src/components/common/provider-fallback-warning.tsx
index d6744e5a3..9321fbeba 100644
--- a/src/components/common/provider-fallback-warning.tsx
+++ b/src/components/common/provider-fallback-warning.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { IconAlertTriangle } from '@tabler/icons-react'
 import { cn } from '@/lib/utils'
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next'
 
 interface ProviderFallbackWarningProps {
   feature: string
@@ -8,6 +9,7 @@ interface ProviderFallbackWarningProps {
 }
 
 export function ProviderFallbackWarning({ feature, reason, className }: ProviderFallbackWarningProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('error')
   return (
     <div
       className={cn(
@@ -20,15 +22,15 @@ export function ProviderFallbackWarning({ feature, reason, className }: Provider
         <IconAlertTriangle className="h-5 w-5 text-yellow-600 dark:text-yellow-500 flex-shrink-0 mt-0.5" />
         <div className="flex-1 min-w-0">
           <p className="text-sm font-medium text-yellow-800 dark:text-yellow-200">
-            {feature} query failed
+            {t('providerFallback.title', { feature })}
           </p>
           <p className="mt-1 text-xs text-yellow-700 dark:text-yellow-300/80">
-            All configured providers failed. Showing default value.
+            {t('providerFallback.description')}
           </p>
           {reason && (
             <details className="mt-2">
               <summary className="text-xs text-yellow-600 dark:text-yellow-400 cursor-pointer hover:underline">
-                Technical details
+                {t('providerFallback.details')}
               </summary>
               <p className="mt-1 text-xs text-yellow-600 dark:text-yellow-400 font-mono break-all">
                 {reason}
diff --git a/src/components/onboarding/chain-selector.tsx b/src/components/onboarding/chain-selector.tsx
index 7cdc631ae..e41ba562a 100644
--- a/src/components/onboarding/chain-selector.tsx
+++ b/src/components/onboarding/chain-selector.tsx
@@ -84,13 +84,16 @@ export function ChainSelector({
       .filter((kind) => grouped.has(kind))
       .map((kind) => {
         const config = getChainKindConfig(kind, t);
+        const groupChains = grouped.get(kind);
+        if (!groupChains) return null;
         return {
           id: kind,
           name: config.name || kind,
           description: config.description,
-          chains: grouped.get(kind)!,
+          chains: groupChains,
         };
-      });
+      })
+      .filter((group): group is ChainGroup => group !== null);
   }, [chains, t]);
 
   // 过滤搜索结果
@@ -262,7 +265,10 @@ export function ChainSelector({
 
                 {/* 选择计数 */}
                 <span className="text-muted-foreground text-sm">
-                  {group.chains.filter((c) => selectedChains.includes(c.id)).length}/{group.chains.length}
+                  {t('chainSelector.selectionCount', {
+                    selected: group.chains.filter((c) => selectedChains.includes(c.id)).length,
+                    total: group.chains.length,
+                  })}
                 </span>
               </button>
 
@@ -284,7 +290,6 @@ export function ChainSelector({
                           'hover:bg-muted/30 transition-colors',
                           isSelected && 'bg-primary/5',
                         )}
-                        role="button"
                         tabIndex={0}
                         onClick={() => toggleChain(chain.id)}
                         onKeyDown={(e) => {
diff --git a/src/components/transfer/amount-input.tsx b/src/components/transfer/amount-input.tsx
index 0d54f512a..42119ab13 100644
--- a/src/components/transfer/amount-input.tsx
+++ b/src/components/transfer/amount-input.tsx
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ interface AmountInputProps {
   balance?: Amount | undefined;
   /** Max allowed amount (defaults to balance) */
   max?: Amount | undefined;
+  /** Disable max button */
+  maxDisabled?: boolean | undefined;
   /** Fiat value to display */
   fiatValue?: string | undefined;
   /** Fiat symbol (default: $) */
@@ -62,6 +64,7 @@ const AmountInput = forwardRef<HTMLInputElement, AmountInputProps>(
       fiatValue,
       fiatSymbol = '$',
       max,
+      maxDisabled = false,
       error,
       label,
       className,
@@ -77,6 +80,7 @@ const AmountInput = forwardRef<HTMLInputElement, AmountInputProps>(
     const decimals = propDecimals ?? balance?.decimals ?? 18;
     const symbol = propSymbol ?? balance?.symbol ?? '';
     const effectiveMax = max ?? balance;
+    const isMaxDisabled = disabled || maxDisabled;
 
     // Sync input value when controlled value changes from parent
     useEffect(() => {
@@ -175,11 +179,15 @@ const AmountInput = forwardRef<HTMLInputElement, AmountInputProps>(
             />
 
             <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-              {effectiveMax && !disabled && (
+              {effectiveMax && (
                 <button
                   type="button"
                   onClick={handleMax}
-                  className="bg-primary text-primary-foreground hover:bg-primary/90 rounded-md px-2 py-1 text-xs font-medium transition-colors"
+                  disabled={isMaxDisabled}
+                  className={cn(
+                    'bg-primary text-primary-foreground hover:bg-primary/90 rounded-md px-2 py-1 text-xs font-medium transition-colors',
+                    isMaxDisabled && 'cursor-not-allowed opacity-50',
+                  )}
                 >
                   MAX
                 </button>
diff --git a/src/components/wallet/wallet-config.tsx b/src/components/wallet/wallet-config.tsx
index 968ac49d7..cdf125baa 100644
--- a/src/components/wallet/wallet-config.tsx
+++ b/src/components/wallet/wallet-config.tsx
@@ -53,6 +53,8 @@ function getWeightedPresetColors(existingHues: number[]) {
 
 type WalletConfigMode = 'edit-only' | 'default' | 'edit';
 
+const WALLET_CONFIG_PREVIEW_NAME_TEST_ID = 'wallet-config-preview-name';
+
 interface WalletConfigProps {
   mode: WalletConfigMode;
   walletId: string;
@@ -231,7 +233,7 @@ export function WalletConfig({ mode, walletId, onEditOnlyComplete, className }:
           <WalletCard
             wallet={{ ...wallet, name: isEditMode ? editName : wallet.name, themeHue: displayThemeHue }}
             themeHue={displayThemeHue}
-            walletNameTestId="wallet-config-preview-name"
+            walletNameTestId={WALLET_CONFIG_PREVIEW_NAME_TEST_ID}
             chain={currentChainAddr?.chain as ChainType}
             chainName={currentChainAddr?.chain || ''}
             address={currentChainAddr?.address || wallet.address}
diff --git a/src/components/wallet/wallet-mini-card.tsx b/src/components/wallet/wallet-mini-card.tsx
index b795f1c38..1f62c51e0 100644
--- a/src/components/wallet/wallet-mini-card.tsx
+++ b/src/components/wallet/wallet-mini-card.tsx
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { useMemo } from 'react'
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next'
 import { cn } from '@/lib/utils'
 import { useMonochromeMask } from '@/hooks/useMonochromeMask'
 import { createRainbowHook } from '@/lib/canvas'
@@ -58,6 +59,7 @@ export function WalletMiniCard({
   watermarkIconUrl,
   className,
 }: WalletMiniCardProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('wallet')
   const { c0, c1, c2 } = useMemo(() => resolveBackgroundStops(themeHue), [themeHue])
   const { width, height, radius, iconSize } = sizeStyles[size]
 
@@ -93,7 +95,7 @@ export function WalletMiniCard({
         border: '0.5px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.2)',
       }}
       role="img"
-      aria-label="wallet card"
+      aria-label={t('miniCard.label')}
     >
       {/* 三角形纹理层 - 固定 5x3 网格 */}
       {patternUrl && (
diff --git a/src/hooks/use-pending-transactions.ts b/src/hooks/use-pending-transactions.ts
index e4c635df1..37f3befa7 100644
--- a/src/hooks/use-pending-transactions.ts
+++ b/src/hooks/use-pending-transactions.ts
@@ -10,12 +10,11 @@ import { Effect, Stream, Fiber } from 'effect'
 import { pendingTxService, pendingTxManager, getPendingTxSource, getPendingTxWalletKey, type PendingTx } from '@/services/transaction'
 import { useChainConfigState } from '@/stores'
 import type { Transaction } from '@/services/chain-adapter/providers'
-import { isChainDebugEnabled } from '@/services/chain-adapter/debug'
+import { logChainDebug } from '@/services/chain-adapter/debug'
 
 function pendingTxDebugLog(...args: Array<string | number | boolean>): void {
   const message = `[chain-effect] pending-tx ${args.join(' ')}`
-  if (!isChainDebugEnabled(message)) return
-  console.log('[chain-effect]', 'pending-tx', ...args)
+  logChainDebug(message, { args })
 }
 
 export function usePendingTransactions(
@@ -35,7 +34,7 @@ export function usePendingTransactions(
         set.add(tx.hash.toLowerCase())
       }
     }
-    return Array.from(set).sort()
+    return Array.from(set).toSorted()
   }, [txHistory])
   const confirmedTxHashKey = useMemo(() => confirmedTxHashes.join('|'), [confirmedTxHashes])
 
@@ -58,7 +57,7 @@ export function usePendingTransactions(
         map.set(item.id, item)
       }
     }
-    const merged = Array.from(map.values()).sort((a, b) => b.createdAt - a.createdAt)
+    const merged = Array.from(map.values()).toSorted((a, b) => b.createdAt - a.createdAt)
     pendingTxDebugLog('snapshot', walletKey ?? 'none', `len=${merged.length}`)
     return merged
   }, [walletKey, legacyWalletId])
@@ -80,8 +79,9 @@ export function usePendingTransactions(
         if (!mounted) return
         setTransactions(list)
       } finally {
-        if (!mounted) return
-        setIsLoading(false)
+        if (mounted) {
+          setIsLoading(false)
+        }
       }
     })()
 
@@ -156,8 +156,9 @@ export function usePendingTransactions(
           setTransactions(list)
         })
         .finally(() => {
-          if (!mounted) return
-          startStream()
+          if (mounted) {
+            startStream()
+          }
         })
     }).catch(() => {
       if (!mounted) return
@@ -185,7 +186,7 @@ export function usePendingTransactions(
         await pendingTxService.deleteByTxHash({ walletId: legacyWalletId, txHashes: confirmedTxHashes })
       }
     })()
-  }, [walletKey, legacyWalletId, confirmedTxHashKey])
+  }, [walletKey, legacyWalletId, confirmedTxHashKey, confirmedTxHashes])
 
   // 订阅 pendingTxService 的变化（用于即时更新）
   useEffect(() => {
@@ -200,7 +201,7 @@ export function usePendingTransactions(
           const map = new Map<string, PendingTx>()
           for (const item of prev) map.set(item.id, item)
           map.set(tx.id, tx)
-          return Array.from(map.values()).sort((a, b) => b.createdAt - a.createdAt)
+          return Array.from(map.values()).toSorted((a, b) => b.createdAt - a.createdAt)
         })
       } else if (event === 'updated') {
         setTransactions((prev) => {
@@ -210,7 +211,7 @@ export function usePendingTransactions(
           const map = new Map<string, PendingTx>()
           for (const item of prev) map.set(item.id, item)
           map.set(tx.id, tx)
-          return Array.from(map.values()).sort((a, b) => b.createdAt - a.createdAt)
+          return Array.from(map.values()).toSorted((a, b) => b.createdAt - a.createdAt)
         })
       } else if (event === 'deleted') {
         setTransactions((prev) => prev.filter((t) => t.id !== tx.id))
@@ -230,9 +231,7 @@ export function usePendingTransactions(
 
   const clearAllFailed = useCallback(async () => {
     const failedTxs = transactions.filter((tx: PendingTx) => tx.status === 'failed')
-    for (const tx of failedTxs) {
-      await pendingTxService.delete({ id: tx.id })
-    }
+    await Promise.all(failedTxs.map((tx) => pendingTxService.delete({ id: tx.id })))
   }, [transactions])
 
   return {
diff --git a/src/hooks/use-send.bioforest.ts b/src/hooks/use-send.bioforest.ts
index 92bdf81ea..73e3bb5de 100644
--- a/src/hooks/use-send.bioforest.ts
+++ b/src/hooks/use-send.bioforest.ts
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ export async function submitSetTwoStepSecret({
   } catch (error) {
     const errorMessage = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
 
-    if (errorMessage.includes('fee') || errorMessage.includes('手续费')) {
+    if (errorMessage.includes('fee') || errorMessage.includes('\u624b\u7eed\u8d39')) {
       // i18n-ignore
       return { status: 'error', message: t('error:insufficientFunds') };
     }
diff --git a/src/hooks/use-send.ts b/src/hooks/use-send.ts
index ac15ab8b2..d836d455b 100644
--- a/src/hooks/use-send.ts
+++ b/src/hooks/use-send.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { useState, useCallback, useMemo } from 'react';
+import { useState, useCallback, useMemo, useEffect, useRef } from 'react';
 import type { AssetInfo } from '@/types/asset';
 import { Amount } from '@/types/amount';
 import { initialState, MOCK_FEES } from './use-send.constants';
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ export function useSend(options: UseSendOptions = {}): UseSendReturn {
     asset: initialAsset ?? null,
   });
 
+  const feeInitKeyRef = useRef<string | null>(null);
+
   const isBioforestChain = chainConfig?.chainKind === 'bioforest';
   const isWeb3Chain =
     chainConfig?.chainKind === 'evm' || chainConfig?.chainKind === 'tron' || chainConfig?.chainKind === 'bitcoin';
@@ -126,6 +128,22 @@ export function useSend(options: UseSendOptions = {}): UseSendReturn {
     [chainConfig, fromAddress, isBioforestChain, isWeb3Chain, useMock],
   );
 
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!state.asset) return;
+    if (state.feeLoading) return;
+
+    const feeKey = `${chainConfig?.id ?? 'unknown'}:${fromAddress ?? ''}:${state.asset.assetType}`;
+    const feeKeyChanged = feeInitKeyRef.current !== feeKey;
+    if (feeKeyChanged) {
+      feeInitKeyRef.current = feeKey;
+    }
+
+    if (!feeKeyChanged && state.feeAmount) return;
+    if (!feeKeyChanged && !state.feeAmount) return;
+
+    setAsset(state.asset);
+  }, [chainConfig?.id, fromAddress, setAsset, state.asset, state.feeAmount, state.feeLoading]);
+
   // Get current balance from external source (single source of truth)
   const currentBalance = useMemo(() => {
     if (!state.asset?.assetType || !getBalance) return state.asset?.amount ?? null;
diff --git a/src/hooks/use-send.web3.ts b/src/hooks/use-send.web3.ts
index ff5e9196b..03472ba00 100644
--- a/src/hooks/use-send.web3.ts
+++ b/src/hooks/use-send.web3.ts
@@ -124,24 +124,10 @@ export async function submitWeb3Transfer({
 
     // Handle specific error cases
     if (errorMessage.includes('insufficient') || errorMessage.includes('balance')) {
-      return { status: 'error', message: t('error:transaction.insufficientBalance') };
+      return { status: 'error', message: t('error:insufficientFunds') };
     }
 
     if (errorMessage.includes('fee') || errorMessage.includes('gas')) {
-      return { status: 'error', message: t('error:transaction.insufficientFee') };
-    }
-
-    if (errorMessage.includes('not yet implemented') || errorMessage.includes('not supported')) {
-      return { status: 'error', message: t('error:transaction.featureNotImplemented') };
-    }
-
-    return {
-      status: 'error',
-      message: errorMessage || t('error:transaction.transactionFailed'),
-    };
-
-    if (errorMessage.includes('fee') || errorMessage.includes('手续费') || errorMessage.includes('gas')) {
-      // i18n-ignore
       return { status: 'error', message: t('error:transaction.insufficientGas') };
     }
 
@@ -151,7 +137,7 @@ export async function submitWeb3Transfer({
 
     return {
       status: 'error',
-      message: errorMessage || t('error:transaction.retryLater'),
+      message: errorMessage || t('error:transaction.failed'),
     };
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/i18n/index.ts b/src/i18n/index.ts
index 11918cc2c..d0d7e9163 100644
--- a/src/i18n/index.ts
+++ b/src/i18n/index.ts
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import enNotification from './locales/en/notification.json';
 import enHome from './locales/en/home.json';
 import enEcosystem from './locales/en/ecosystem.json';
 import enPermission from './locales/en/permission.json';
+import enDevtools from './locales/en/devtools.json';
 
 // Namespace imports - zh-CN
 import zhCNCommon from './locales/zh-CN/common.json';
@@ -46,6 +47,7 @@ import zhCNNotification from './locales/zh-CN/notification.json';
 import zhCNHome from './locales/zh-CN/home.json';
 import zhCNEcosystem from './locales/zh-CN/ecosystem.json';
 import zhCNPermission from './locales/zh-CN/permission.json';
+import zhCNDevtools from './locales/zh-CN/devtools.json';
 
 // Namespace imports - zh-TW
 import zhTWCommon from './locales/zh-TW/common.json';
@@ -69,6 +71,7 @@ import zhTWNotification from './locales/zh-TW/notification.json';
 import zhTWHome from './locales/zh-TW/home.json';
 import zhTWEcosystem from './locales/zh-TW/ecosystem.json';
 import zhTWPermission from './locales/zh-TW/permission.json';
+import zhTWDevtools from './locales/zh-TW/devtools.json';
 
 // Namespace imports - ar
 import arCommon from './locales/ar/common.json';
@@ -92,6 +95,7 @@ import arNotification from './locales/ar/notification.json';
 import arHome from './locales/ar/home.json';
 import arEcosystem from './locales/ar/ecosystem.json';
 import arPermission from './locales/ar/permission.json';
+import arDevtools from './locales/ar/devtools.json';
 
 // 语言配置
 export const languages = {
@@ -128,6 +132,7 @@ export const namespaces = [
   'home',
   'ecosystem',
   'permission',
+  'devtools',
 ] as const;
 
 export type Namespace = (typeof namespaces)[number];
@@ -168,6 +173,7 @@ i18n.use(initReactI18next).init({
       home: enHome,
       ecosystem: enEcosystem,
       permission: enPermission,
+      devtools: enDevtools,
     },
     'zh-CN': {
       common: zhCNCommon,
@@ -191,6 +197,7 @@ i18n.use(initReactI18next).init({
       home: zhCNHome,
       ecosystem: zhCNEcosystem,
       permission: zhCNPermission,
+      devtools: zhCNDevtools,
     },
     'zh-TW': {
       common: zhTWCommon,
@@ -214,6 +221,7 @@ i18n.use(initReactI18next).init({
       home: zhTWHome,
       ecosystem: zhTWEcosystem,
       permission: zhTWPermission,
+      devtools: zhTWDevtools,
     },
     ar: {
       common: arCommon,
@@ -237,6 +245,7 @@ i18n.use(initReactI18next).init({
       home: arHome,
       ecosystem: arEcosystem,
       permission: arPermission,
+      devtools: arDevtools,
     },
   },
   lng: defaultLanguage,
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/ar/authorize.json b/src/i18n/locales/ar/authorize.json
index 2fcab5d8b..87f53f3bc 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/ar/authorize.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/ar/authorize.json
@@ -59,5 +59,6 @@
   },
   "passwordConfirm": {
     "title": "Confirm Password"
-  }
+  },
+  "unknownApp": "Unknown"
 }
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/ar/common.json b/src/i18n/locales/ar/common.json
index 7951f44c3..81d3ede99 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/ar/common.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/ar/common.json
@@ -72,6 +72,7 @@
     "addressPlaceholder": "Enter wallet address",
     "balanceTitle": "Address Balance",
     "chain": "Chain",
+    "fromLabel": "From:",
     "error": "Query Failed",
     "explorerHint": "Transaction history requires block explorer",
     "noTransactions": "No transactions found",
@@ -79,10 +80,15 @@
     "openExplorer": "Open {{name}} Explorer",
     "otherChains": "Other Chains",
     "queryError": "Failed to query transactions, please try again",
+    "toLabel": "To:",
     "transactionsTitle": "Address Transactions",
     "useExplorerHint": "This chain does not support direct history query, please use the explorer",
     "viewOnExplorer": "View on {{name}}"
   },
+  "sign": {
+    "plus": "+",
+    "minus": "-"
+  },
   "addressPlaceholder": "أدخل أو الصق العنوان",
   "advancedEncryptionTechnologyDigitalWealthIsMoreSecure": "Advanced encryption technology &lt;br /&gt; Digital wealth is more secure",
   "afterConfirmation_{appName}WillDeleteAllLocalDataTips": "After confirmation, will delete all local data and all wallets will be removed locally. Are you sure to exit?",
@@ -152,7 +158,9 @@
     "save": "حفظ",
     "selectAddress": "اختر العنوان",
     "selectContact": "اختر جهة اتصال",
-    "viewAll": "عرض جميع جهات الاتصال"
+    "viewAll": "عرض جميع جهات الاتصال",
+    "addressCount": "{{count}}/{{max}}",
+    "defaultLabel": "افتراضي"
   },
   "contactCard": {
     "scanToAdd": "امسح لإضافة جهة اتصال",
@@ -265,7 +273,9 @@
     "selectWallets": "اختر المحفظة",
     "title": "بطاقتي",
     "usernamePlaceholder": "أدخل اسم المستخدم",
-    "walletAddress": "{{wallet}} ({{chain}})"
+    "walletAddress": "{{wallet}} ({{chain}})",
+    "chainLabel": "({{chain}})",
+    "removeWallet": "إزالة {{name}}"
   },
   "name": "Name",
   "navOverview": "Overview",
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/ar/devtools.json b/src/i18n/locales/ar/devtools.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4146fb864
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/ar/devtools.json
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+{
+  "title": "Mock DevTools",
+  "tabs": {
+    "logs": "Logs",
+    "breakpoints": "Breakpoints",
+    "console": "Console",
+    "settings": "Settings"
+  },
+  "button": {
+    "open": "Open Mock DevTools (draggable)"
+  },
+  "footer": {
+    "mode": "Mock Mode",
+    "logs": "{{count}} logs",
+    "paused": "{{count}} paused"
+  },
+  "logs": {
+    "filterPlaceholder": "Filter service.method...",
+    "clear": "Clear logs",
+    "empty": "No request logs",
+    "input": "Input:",
+    "output": "Output:",
+    "error": "Error:",
+    "intercepted": "Intercepted and modified"
+  },
+  "settings": {
+    "defaultError": "Mock Error",
+    "globalDelay": "Global delay",
+    "ms": "ms",
+    "delayMarks": {
+      "zero": "0",
+      "one": "1s",
+      "two": "2s",
+      "three": "3s+"
+    },
+    "mockError": "Mock error",
+    "errorPlaceholder": "Error message (optional)",
+    "errorNotice": "All requests will return error",
+    "resetAll": "Reset all settings",
+    "clearLogs": "Clear logs",
+    "clearBreakpoints": "Clear breakpoints",
+    "tipTitle": "Tip",
+    "tipDelay": "Global delay applies to all mock service requests",
+    "tipError": "Mock error makes all requests throw the specified error",
+    "tipBreakpoint": "Breakpoints can be configured in the \"Breakpoints\" panel"
+  },
+  "breakpoints": {
+    "consoleLabel": "Console:",
+    "consoleView": "View in Console",
+    "resume": "Resume",
+    "abort": "Abort",
+    "ms": "ms",
+    "input": "input",
+    "output": "output",
+    "inputHint": "($input available)",
+    "outputHint": "($input, $output available)",
+    "pause": "Pause",
+    "pauseConditionPlaceholder": "Condition expression (optional)",
+    "inject": "Inject",
+    "injectInputPlaceholder": "$input.text = 'modified'",
+    "injectOutputPlaceholder": "return { success: true }\n// or throw new Error('test')",
+    "summary": {
+      "delay": "delay: {{ms}}ms",
+      "inputPause": "input:pause",
+      "inputInject": "input:inject",
+      "outputPause": "output:pause",
+      "outputInject": "output:inject"
+    },
+    "addDialogTitle": "Add breakpoint",
+    "add": "Add",
+    "title": "Breakpoints",
+    "pausedCount": "Paused ({{count}})",
+    "emptyTitle": "No breakpoints",
+    "emptyHint": "Click \"Add\" to create breakpoints"
+  },
+  "console": {
+    "help": {
+      "sections": {
+        "commands": "Commands",
+        "variables": "Variables",
+        "methods": "Methods",
+        "examples": "Examples"
+      },
+      "commands": {
+        "help": "Show help",
+        "clear": "Clear Console",
+        "vars": "Show available variables",
+        "copy": "Copy expression result to clipboard"
+      },
+      "variables": {
+        "paused": "Paused request array",
+        "indexed": "Access paused requests by index",
+        "latest": "Latest paused request",
+        "byId": "Access by ID, e.g. $p1, $p2"
+      },
+      "methods": {
+        "resume": "Resume execution (optionally with modifications)",
+        "abort": "Abort request"
+      },
+      "examples": {
+        "latest": "View latest paused request",
+        "input": "View request input",
+        "copy": "Copy input to clipboard",
+        "resume": "Resume execution"
+      }
+    },
+    "vars": {
+      "available": "Available variables",
+      "pausedCount": "Paused count"
+    },
+    "copy": {
+      "usage": "Usage: /copy <expr>, e.g. /copy $p1.$input",
+      "success": "Copied to clipboard ({{count}} chars)",
+      "failure": "Copy failed: {{message}}",
+      "expressionError": "Expression error: {{message}}"
+    },
+    "unknownCommand": "Unknown command: {{command}}. Type /help for help.",
+    "title": "Console",
+    "pausedCount": "{{count}} paused",
+    "clearTitle": "Clear Console (/clear)",
+    "empty": {
+      "titlePrefix": "Console panel - type",
+      "titleSuffix": "for help",
+      "varsLabel": "Variables:",
+      "vars": "Variables: <code>$paused</code>, <code>$0</code>, <code>$_</code>, <code>$p{id}</code>"
+    },
+    "inputPlaceholder": "Enter expression... (↑↓ history)",
+    "runTitle": "Run (Enter)"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/ar/ecosystem.json b/src/i18n/locales/ar/ecosystem.json
index a1e7177f6..0cc0e11fd 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/ar/ecosystem.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/ar/ecosystem.json
@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@
     "title": "إدارة المصادر الموثوقة",
     "add": "إضافة اشتراك",
     "remove": "إزالة",
-    "empty": "لا توجد مصادر اشتراك"
+    "empty": "لا توجد مصادر اشتراك",
+    "defaultName": "النظام البيئي الرسمي لـ Bio"
   },
   "permissions": {
     "title": "طلب إذن",
@@ -120,6 +121,7 @@
     "unknownDeveloper": "مطور غير معروف",
     "preview": "معاينة",
     "supportedChains": "سلاسل الكتل المدعومة",
+    "beta": "Beta",
     "privacy": "خصوصية التطبيق",
     "privacyHint": "يشير المطور إلى أن هذا التطبيق قد يطلب الأذونات التالية",
     "tags": "العلامات",
@@ -141,6 +143,7 @@
       "social": "اجتماعي",
       "exchange": "تبادل",
       "other": "أخرى"
-    }
+    },
+    "tagLabel": "#{{tag}}"
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/ar/error.json b/src/i18n/locales/ar/error.json
index 17a42ded6..44dc290c3 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/ar/error.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/ar/error.json
@@ -115,5 +115,14 @@
     "mustBeArray": "signaturedata يجب أن يكون مصفوفة JSON",
     "emptyArray": "signaturedata لا يمكن أن يكون مصفوفة فارغة",
     "firstMustBeObject": "signaturedata[0] يجب أن يكون كائنًا"
+  },
+  "providerFallback": {
+    "title": "فشل استعلام {{feature}}",
+    "description": "فشلت جميع المزوّدات المُكوّنة، يتم عرض القيمة الافتراضية.",
+    "details": "تفاصيل تقنية"
+  },
+  "boundary": {
+    "title": "حدث خطأ ما",
+    "retry": "إعادة المحاولة"
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/ar/onboarding.json b/src/i18n/locales/ar/onboarding.json
index a7489d3fe..31e4bb4b8 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/ar/onboarding.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/ar/onboarding.json
@@ -188,7 +188,8 @@
     "searchPlaceholder": "Search chain name or symbol",
     "noResults": "No chains found",
     "selectAll": "Select All",
-    "deselectAll": "Deselect All"
+    "deselectAll": "Deselect All",
+    "selectionCount": "{{selected}}/{{total}}"
   },
   "theme": {
     "walletName": "اسم المحفظة",
@@ -199,4 +200,4 @@
     "similarExists": "يوجد لون مشابه",
     "auto": "تلقائي"
   }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/ar/staking.json b/src/i18n/locales/ar/staking.json
index 6cde5f26e..eddf50e59 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/ar/staking.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/ar/staking.json
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
   "sourceChain": "السلسلة المصدر",
   "stakedAmount": "المبلغ المخزن",
   "targetChain": "السلسلة الهدف",
+  "targetChainLabel": "→ {{chain}} ({{asset}})",
   "title": "التخزين",
   "totalBurned": "إجمالي {{asset}} المستردة",
   "totalCirculation": "{{asset}} المتداولة",
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/ar/transaction.json b/src/i18n/locales/ar/transaction.json
index f82b447cf..eae819dde 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/ar/transaction.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/ar/transaction.json
@@ -229,6 +229,8 @@
     "continue": "متابعة",
     "explorerNotImplemented": "ميزة مستكشف البلوك قادمة قريبًا",
     "fee": "رسوم المعاملة",
+    "feeEstimating": "جارٍ التقدير...",
+    "feeUnavailable": "الرسوم غير متاحة",
     "from": "من",
     "networkWarning": "يرجى التأكد من أن عنوان المستلم هو عنوان شبكة {{chain}}. لا يمكن استرداد المرسل إلى الشبكة الخاطئة",
     "resultTitle": "نتيجة الإرسال",
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/ar/wallet.json b/src/i18n/locales/ar/wallet.json
index 144e6033e..df331142d 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/ar/wallet.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/ar/wallet.json
@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@
   "defaultName": "محفظتي",
   "randomName": "اسم عشوائي",
   "carousel": {
-    "walletCount": "{{count}} محافظ"
+    "walletCount": "{{count}} محافظ",
+    "walletCount_one": "محفظة واحدة"
   },
   "menu": {
     "addressBalanceQuery": "استعلام عن رصيد العنوان",
@@ -199,5 +200,8 @@
   "walletsUnderIdentity": "محافظ الهوية",
   "willSynchronizeImportIntoThe_{chainname}ChainWithTheSamePrivateKey": "Will synchronize import into the chain with the same private key",
   "{assetType}Details": "Details",
-  "{asset}TotalCirculation": "total circulation"
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+  "{asset}TotalCirculation": "total circulation",
+  "miniCard": {
+    "label": "Wallet card"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/en/authorize.json b/src/i18n/locales/en/authorize.json
index 1b4a08d6d..ac1dda46a 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/en/authorize.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/en/authorize.json
@@ -59,5 +59,6 @@
   },
   "passwordConfirm": {
     "title": "Confirm Password"
-  }
+  },
+  "unknownApp": "Unknown"
 }
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/en/common.json b/src/i18n/locales/en/common.json
index 726be2fcf..f61ab7845 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/en/common.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/en/common.json
@@ -119,7 +119,9 @@
     "save": "Save",
     "selectAddress": "Select address",
     "selectContact": "Select Contact",
-    "viewAll": "View all contacts"
+    "viewAll": "View all contacts",
+    "addressCount": "{{count}}/{{max}}",
+    "defaultLabel": "Default"
   },
   "continue": "Continue",
   "contractMethods": "Contract methods",
@@ -399,13 +401,17 @@
     "noWalletsSelected": "Please select at least one wallet",
     "scanToAdd": "Scan to add me as contact",
     "walletAddress": "{{wallet}} ({{chain}})",
-    "currentChain": "Current chain"
+    "currentChain": "Current chain",
+    "chainLabel": "({{chain}})",
+    "removeWallet": "Remove {{name}}"
   },
   "addressLookup": {
     "balanceTitle": "Address Balance",
     "transactionsTitle": "Address Transactions",
     "chain": "Chain",
     "address": "Address",
+    "fromLabel": "From:",
+    "toLabel": "To:",
     "addressPlaceholder": "Enter wallet address",
     "addressOrHash": "Address or Transaction Hash",
     "addressOrHashPlaceholder": "Enter address or tx hash",
@@ -419,6 +425,10 @@
     "openExplorer": "Open {{name}} Explorer",
     "viewOnExplorer": "View on {{name}}"
   },
+  "sign": {
+    "plus": "+",
+    "minus": "-"
+  },
   "tabs": {
     "assets": "Assets",
     "history": "History"
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/en/devtools.json b/src/i18n/locales/en/devtools.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4146fb864
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/en/devtools.json
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+{
+  "title": "Mock DevTools",
+  "tabs": {
+    "logs": "Logs",
+    "breakpoints": "Breakpoints",
+    "console": "Console",
+    "settings": "Settings"
+  },
+  "button": {
+    "open": "Open Mock DevTools (draggable)"
+  },
+  "footer": {
+    "mode": "Mock Mode",
+    "logs": "{{count}} logs",
+    "paused": "{{count}} paused"
+  },
+  "logs": {
+    "filterPlaceholder": "Filter service.method...",
+    "clear": "Clear logs",
+    "empty": "No request logs",
+    "input": "Input:",
+    "output": "Output:",
+    "error": "Error:",
+    "intercepted": "Intercepted and modified"
+  },
+  "settings": {
+    "defaultError": "Mock Error",
+    "globalDelay": "Global delay",
+    "ms": "ms",
+    "delayMarks": {
+      "zero": "0",
+      "one": "1s",
+      "two": "2s",
+      "three": "3s+"
+    },
+    "mockError": "Mock error",
+    "errorPlaceholder": "Error message (optional)",
+    "errorNotice": "All requests will return error",
+    "resetAll": "Reset all settings",
+    "clearLogs": "Clear logs",
+    "clearBreakpoints": "Clear breakpoints",
+    "tipTitle": "Tip",
+    "tipDelay": "Global delay applies to all mock service requests",
+    "tipError": "Mock error makes all requests throw the specified error",
+    "tipBreakpoint": "Breakpoints can be configured in the \"Breakpoints\" panel"
+  },
+  "breakpoints": {
+    "consoleLabel": "Console:",
+    "consoleView": "View in Console",
+    "resume": "Resume",
+    "abort": "Abort",
+    "ms": "ms",
+    "input": "input",
+    "output": "output",
+    "inputHint": "($input available)",
+    "outputHint": "($input, $output available)",
+    "pause": "Pause",
+    "pauseConditionPlaceholder": "Condition expression (optional)",
+    "inject": "Inject",
+    "injectInputPlaceholder": "$input.text = 'modified'",
+    "injectOutputPlaceholder": "return { success: true }\n// or throw new Error('test')",
+    "summary": {
+      "delay": "delay: {{ms}}ms",
+      "inputPause": "input:pause",
+      "inputInject": "input:inject",
+      "outputPause": "output:pause",
+      "outputInject": "output:inject"
+    },
+    "addDialogTitle": "Add breakpoint",
+    "add": "Add",
+    "title": "Breakpoints",
+    "pausedCount": "Paused ({{count}})",
+    "emptyTitle": "No breakpoints",
+    "emptyHint": "Click \"Add\" to create breakpoints"
+  },
+  "console": {
+    "help": {
+      "sections": {
+        "commands": "Commands",
+        "variables": "Variables",
+        "methods": "Methods",
+        "examples": "Examples"
+      },
+      "commands": {
+        "help": "Show help",
+        "clear": "Clear Console",
+        "vars": "Show available variables",
+        "copy": "Copy expression result to clipboard"
+      },
+      "variables": {
+        "paused": "Paused request array",
+        "indexed": "Access paused requests by index",
+        "latest": "Latest paused request",
+        "byId": "Access by ID, e.g. $p1, $p2"
+      },
+      "methods": {
+        "resume": "Resume execution (optionally with modifications)",
+        "abort": "Abort request"
+      },
+      "examples": {
+        "latest": "View latest paused request",
+        "input": "View request input",
+        "copy": "Copy input to clipboard",
+        "resume": "Resume execution"
+      }
+    },
+    "vars": {
+      "available": "Available variables",
+      "pausedCount": "Paused count"
+    },
+    "copy": {
+      "usage": "Usage: /copy <expr>, e.g. /copy $p1.$input",
+      "success": "Copied to clipboard ({{count}} chars)",
+      "failure": "Copy failed: {{message}}",
+      "expressionError": "Expression error: {{message}}"
+    },
+    "unknownCommand": "Unknown command: {{command}}. Type /help for help.",
+    "title": "Console",
+    "pausedCount": "{{count}} paused",
+    "clearTitle": "Clear Console (/clear)",
+    "empty": {
+      "titlePrefix": "Console panel - type",
+      "titleSuffix": "for help",
+      "varsLabel": "Variables:",
+      "vars": "Variables: <code>$paused</code>, <code>$0</code>, <code>$_</code>, <code>$p{id}</code>"
+    },
+    "inputPlaceholder": "Enter expression... (↑↓ history)",
+    "runTitle": "Run (Enter)"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/en/ecosystem.json b/src/i18n/locales/en/ecosystem.json
index 081987ec8..452a32807 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/en/ecosystem.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/en/ecosystem.json
@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@
     "title": "Trusted Sources",
     "add": "Add Subscription",
     "remove": "Remove",
-    "empty": "No subscription sources"
+    "empty": "No subscription sources",
+    "defaultName": "Bio Official Ecosystem"
   },
   "permissions": {
     "title": "Permission Request",
@@ -120,6 +121,7 @@
     "unknownDeveloper": "Unknown Developer",
     "preview": "Preview",
     "supportedChains": "Supported Blockchains",
+    "beta": "Beta",
     "privacy": "App Privacy",
     "privacyHint": "The developer indicates this app may request the following permissions",
     "tags": "Tags",
@@ -141,6 +143,7 @@
       "social": "Social",
       "exchange": "Exchange",
       "other": "Other"
-    }
+    },
+    "tagLabel": "#{{tag}}"
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/en/error.json b/src/i18n/locales/en/error.json
index 23752b34d..722741ddb 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/en/error.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/en/error.json
@@ -115,5 +115,14 @@
     "mustBeArray": "signaturedata must be a JSON array",
     "emptyArray": "signaturedata cannot be an empty array",
     "firstMustBeObject": "signaturedata[0] must be an object"
+  },
+  "providerFallback": {
+    "title": "{{feature}} query failed",
+    "description": "All configured providers failed. Showing default value.",
+    "details": "Technical details"
+  },
+  "boundary": {
+    "title": "Something went wrong",
+    "retry": "Retry"
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/en/onboarding.json b/src/i18n/locales/en/onboarding.json
index b712be7ed..eb41e48ef 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/en/onboarding.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/en/onboarding.json
@@ -188,7 +188,8 @@
     "searchPlaceholder": "Search chain name or symbol",
     "noResults": "No chains found",
     "selectAll": "Select All",
-    "deselectAll": "Deselect All"
+    "deselectAll": "Deselect All",
+    "selectionCount": "{{selected}}/{{total}}"
   },
   "theme": {
     "walletName": "Wallet Name",
@@ -199,4 +200,4 @@
     "similarExists": "Similar color exists",
     "auto": "Auto"
   }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/en/staking.json b/src/i18n/locales/en/staking.json
index 5a04ae251..33a4ffd4a 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/en/staking.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/en/staking.json
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
   "burnDescription": "Convert internal chain tokens to external chain",
   "sourceChain": "Source Chain",
   "targetChain": "Target Chain",
+  "targetChainLabel": "→ {{chain}} ({{asset}})",
   "estimatedFee": "Estimated Fee",
   "transactionPending": "Transaction Pending",
   "transactionConfirming": "Confirming",
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/en/transaction.json b/src/i18n/locales/en/transaction.json
index f3baaaed2..89dba09b6 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/en/transaction.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/en/transaction.json
@@ -229,6 +229,8 @@
     "continue": "Continue",
     "explorerNotImplemented": "Block explorer feature coming soon",
     "fee": "Fee",
+    "feeEstimating": "Estimating...",
+    "feeUnavailable": "Fee unavailable",
     "from": "From",
     "networkWarning": "Please ensure the recipient address is a {{chain}} network address. Sending to the wrong network cannot be recovered",
     "resultTitle": "Send Result",
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/en/wallet.json b/src/i18n/locales/en/wallet.json
index 1b6378f3b..7c11097de 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/en/wallet.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/en/wallet.json
@@ -201,5 +201,8 @@
   "walletsUnderIdentity": "Identity Wallets",
   "willSynchronizeImportIntoThe_{chainname}ChainWithTheSamePrivateKey": "Will synchronize import into the chain with the same private key",
   "{assetType}Details": "Details",
-  "{asset}TotalCirculation": "total circulation"
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+  "{asset}TotalCirculation": "total circulation",
+  "miniCard": {
+    "label": "Wallet card"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/authorize.json b/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/authorize.json
index 1ad2bf5f1..487bd28c0 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/authorize.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/authorize.json
@@ -59,5 +59,6 @@
   },
   "passwordConfirm": {
     "title": "确认密码"
-  }
+  },
+  "unknownApp": "未知应用"
 }
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/common.json b/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/common.json
index c50e0a0c8..ea1846766 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/common.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/common.json
@@ -120,7 +120,9 @@
     "addAddress": "添加地址",
     "viewAll": "查看全部联系人",
     "selectContact": "选择联系人",
-    "selectAddress": "选择地址"
+    "selectAddress": "选择地址",
+    "addressCount": "{{count}}/{{max}}",
+    "defaultLabel": "默认"
   },
   "acceptExchange": "接收交换",
   "account": "用户",
@@ -388,7 +390,9 @@
     "noWalletsSelected": "请选择至少一个钱包",
     "scanToAdd": "扫码添加我为联系人",
     "walletAddress": "{{wallet}} ({{chain}})",
-    "currentChain": "当前链"
+    "currentChain": "当前链",
+    "chainLabel": "（{{chain}}）",
+    "removeWallet": "移除 {{name}}"
   },
   "time": {
     "justNow": "刚刚",
@@ -406,6 +410,8 @@
     "transactionsTitle": "地址交易查询",
     "chain": "链",
     "address": "地址",
+    "fromLabel": "来自：",
+    "toLabel": "发送至：",
     "addressPlaceholder": "输入钱包地址",
     "addressOrHash": "地址或交易哈希",
     "addressOrHashPlaceholder": "输入地址或交易哈希",
@@ -419,6 +425,10 @@
     "openExplorer": "打开 {{name}} 浏览器",
     "viewOnExplorer": "在 {{name}} 浏览器中查看"
   },
+  "sign": {
+    "plus": "+",
+    "minus": "-"
+  },
   "tabs": {
     "assets": "资产",
     "history": "交易"
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/devtools.json b/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/devtools.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5ee1d13a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/devtools.json
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+{
+  "title": "Mock DevTools",
+  "tabs": {
+    "logs": "日志",
+    "breakpoints": "断点",
+    "console": "Console",
+    "settings": "设置"
+  },
+  "button": {
+    "open": "打开 Mock DevTools（可拖动）"
+  },
+  "footer": {
+    "mode": "Mock 模式",
+    "logs": "{{count}} 条日志",
+    "paused": "暂停 {{count}}"
+  },
+  "logs": {
+    "filterPlaceholder": "过滤 service.method...",
+    "clear": "清除日志",
+    "empty": "暂无请求日志",
+    "input": "输入：",
+    "output": "输出：",
+    "error": "错误：",
+    "intercepted": "已被拦截修改"
+  },
+  "settings": {
+    "defaultError": "模拟错误",
+    "globalDelay": "全局延迟",
+    "ms": "ms",
+    "delayMarks": {
+      "zero": "0",
+      "one": "1s",
+      "two": "2s",
+      "three": "3s+"
+    },
+    "mockError": "模拟错误",
+    "errorPlaceholder": "错误信息（可选）",
+    "errorNotice": "所有请求将返回错误",
+    "resetAll": "重置所有设置",
+    "clearLogs": "清除日志",
+    "clearBreakpoints": "清除断点",
+    "tipTitle": "提示",
+    "tipDelay": "全局延迟会应用到所有 Mock 服务请求",
+    "tipError": "模拟错误会让所有请求抛出指定错误",
+    "tipBreakpoint": "断点可以在“断点”面板中单独配置"
+  },
+  "breakpoints": {
+    "consoleLabel": "Console:",
+    "consoleView": "在 Console 中查看",
+    "resume": "继续",
+    "abort": "中止",
+    "ms": "ms",
+    "input": "input",
+    "output": "output",
+    "inputHint": "($input 可用)",
+    "outputHint": "($input, $output 可用)",
+    "pause": "暂停",
+    "pauseConditionPlaceholder": "条件表达式（可选）",
+    "inject": "注入",
+    "injectInputPlaceholder": "$input.text = 'modified'",
+    "injectOutputPlaceholder": "return { success: true }\n// 或 throw new Error('test')",
+    "summary": {
+      "delay": "延迟：{{ms}}ms",
+      "inputPause": "input:暂停",
+      "inputInject": "input:注入",
+      "outputPause": "output:暂停",
+      "outputInject": "output:注入"
+    },
+    "addDialogTitle": "添加断点",
+    "add": "添加",
+    "title": "断点",
+    "pausedCount": "暂停中（{{count}}）",
+    "emptyTitle": "暂无断点",
+    "emptyHint": "点击“添加”创建断点"
+  },
+  "console": {
+    "help": {
+      "sections": {
+        "commands": "命令",
+        "variables": "变量",
+        "methods": "方法",
+        "examples": "示例"
+      },
+      "commands": {
+        "help": "显示帮助信息",
+        "clear": "清空 Console",
+        "vars": "显示可用变量",
+        "copy": "复制表达式结果到剪贴板"
+      },
+      "variables": {
+        "paused": "暂停请求数组",
+        "indexed": "按索引访问暂停请求",
+        "latest": "最新的暂停请求",
+        "byId": "按 ID 访问，如 $p1, $p2"
+      },
+      "methods": {
+        "resume": "继续执行，可传入修改后的值",
+        "abort": "中止请求"
+      },
+      "examples": {
+        "latest": "查看最新暂停请求",
+        "input": "查看请求的输入",
+        "copy": "复制输入到剪贴板",
+        "resume": "继续执行"
+      }
+    },
+    "vars": {
+      "available": "可用变量",
+      "pausedCount": "暂停数量"
+    },
+    "copy": {
+      "usage": "用法: /copy <expr>，例如: /copy $p1.$input",
+      "success": "已复制到剪贴板 ({{count}} 字符)",
+      "failure": "复制失败: {{message}}",
+      "expressionError": "表达式错误: {{message}}"
+    },
+    "unknownCommand": "未知命令: {{command}}。输入 /help 查看帮助。",
+    "title": "Console",
+    "pausedCount": "暂停 {{count}}",
+    "clearTitle": "清空 Console (/clear)",
+    "empty": {
+      "titlePrefix": "Console 面板 - 输入",
+      "titleSuffix": "查看帮助",
+      "varsLabel": "变量：",
+      "vars": "变量：<code>$paused</code>, <code>$0</code>, <code>$_</code>, <code>$p{id}</code>"
+    },
+    "inputPlaceholder": "输入表达式... (↑↓ 历史)",
+    "runTitle": "执行 (Enter)"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/ecosystem.json b/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/ecosystem.json
index 09386c930..6e80236d6 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/ecosystem.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/ecosystem.json
@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@
     "title": "可信源管理",
     "add": "添加订阅",
     "remove": "移除",
-    "empty": "暂无订阅源"
+    "empty": "暂无订阅源",
+    "defaultName": "Bio 官方生态"
   },
   "permissions": {
     "title": "权限请求",
@@ -120,6 +121,7 @@
     "unknownDeveloper": "未知开发者",
     "preview": "预览",
     "supportedChains": "支持的区块链",
+    "beta": "测试版",
     "privacy": "应用隐私",
     "privacyHint": "开发者声明此应用可能会请求以下权限",
     "tags": "标签",
@@ -141,6 +143,7 @@
       "social": "社交",
       "exchange": "交易所",
       "other": "其他"
-    }
+    },
+    "tagLabel": "#{{tag}}"
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/error.json b/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/error.json
index 1558f4f6a..8270d8bda 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/error.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/error.json
@@ -115,5 +115,14 @@
     "mustBeArray": "signaturedata 必须是 JSON 数组",
     "emptyArray": "signaturedata 不能为空数组",
     "firstMustBeObject": "signaturedata[0] 必须是对象"
+  },
+  "providerFallback": {
+    "title": "{{feature}} 查询失败",
+    "description": "所有已配置的提供方均失败，已显示默认值。",
+    "details": "技术详情"
+  },
+  "boundary": {
+    "title": "出现了一些问题",
+    "retry": "重试"
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/onboarding.json b/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/onboarding.json
index 037e64acc..f210e76f7 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/onboarding.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/onboarding.json
@@ -188,7 +188,8 @@
     "searchPlaceholder": "搜索链名称或符号",
     "noResults": "未找到匹配的链",
     "selectAll": "全选",
-    "deselectAll": "取消全选"
+    "deselectAll": "取消全选",
+    "selectionCount": "{{selected}}/{{total}}"
   },
   "theme": {
     "walletName": "钱包名称",
@@ -199,4 +200,4 @@
     "similarExists": "已有相似颜色",
     "auto": "自动"
   }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/staking.json b/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/staking.json
index 9495a4892..018331a46 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/staking.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/staking.json
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
   "burnDescription": "将内链代币转换为外链代币",
   "sourceChain": "源链",
   "targetChain": "目标链",
+  "targetChainLabel": "→ {{chain}}（{{asset}}）",
   "estimatedFee": "预估手续费",
   "transactionPending": "交易待处理",
   "transactionConfirming": "确认中",
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/transaction.json b/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/transaction.json
index 640216379..120099166 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/transaction.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/transaction.json
@@ -62,7 +62,9 @@
     "twoStepSecretDescription": "该地址已设置安全密码，请输入安全密码确认转账。",
     "twoStepSecretPlaceholder": "输入安全密码",
     "twoStepSecretError": "安全密码错误",
-    "fee": "手续费"
+    "fee": "手续费",
+    "feeEstimating": "预估中...",
+    "feeUnavailable": "手续费不可用"
   },
   "destroyPage": {
     "title": "销毁",
@@ -342,4 +344,4 @@
     "viewAll": "查看全部 {{count}} 条待处理交易",
     "clearAllFailed": "清除失败"
   }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/wallet.json b/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/wallet.json
index 770139a3a..8ac06b2c9 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/wallet.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/zh-CN/wallet.json
@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@
   "defaultName": "我的钱包",
   "randomName": "随机名称",
   "carousel": {
-    "walletCount": "{{count}} 个钱包"
+    "walletCount": "{{count}} 个钱包",
+    "walletCount_one": "{{count}} 个钱包"
   },
   "menu": {
     "addressBalanceQuery": "地址余额查询",
@@ -200,5 +201,8 @@
   "walletsUnderIdentity": "身份钱包",
   "willSynchronizeImportIntoThe_{chainname}ChainWithTheSamePrivateKey": "将同步导入 链",
   "{assetType}Details": "详情",
-  "{asset}TotalCirculation": "当前流通量"
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+  "{asset}TotalCirculation": "当前流通量",
+  "miniCard": {
+    "label": "钱包卡片"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/authorize.json b/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/authorize.json
index a2fec4938..a470aad46 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/authorize.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/authorize.json
@@ -59,5 +59,6 @@
   "title": {
     "address": "地址授權",
     "signature": "交易授權"
-  }
+  },
+  "unknownApp": "未知應用"
 }
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/common.json b/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/common.json
index 9d8f51fda..a79489d45 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/common.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/common.json
@@ -72,6 +72,7 @@
     "addressPlaceholder": "輸入錢包地址",
     "balanceTitle": "地址余额查询",
     "chain": "鏈",
+    "fromLabel": "來自：",
     "error": "查詢失敗",
     "explorerHint": "交易記錄需要透過區塊瀏覽器查詢",
     "noTransactions": "暫無交易記錄",
@@ -79,10 +80,15 @@
     "openExplorer": "開啟 {{name}} 瀏覽器",
     "otherChains": "其他鏈",
     "queryError": "查詢交易失敗，請稍後重試",
+    "toLabel": "發送至：",
     "transactionsTitle": "地址交易查询",
     "useExplorerHint": "此鏈不支援直接查詢交易歷史，請使用瀏覽器查看",
     "viewOnExplorer": "在 {{name}} 瀏覽器中查看"
   },
+  "sign": {
+    "plus": "+",
+    "minus": "-"
+  },
   "addressPlaceholder": "輸入或貼上地址",
   "advancedEncryptionTechnologyDigitalWealthIsMoreSecure": "先進的加密技術 &lt;br /&gt; 數字財富更安全",
   "afterConfirmation_{appName}WillDeleteAllLocalDataTips": "確定後， 將刪除所有本地數據，所有錢包將從本地移除，確定退出？",
@@ -152,7 +158,9 @@
     "save": "儲存",
     "selectAddress": "選擇地址",
     "selectContact": "選擇聯絡人",
-    "viewAll": "查看全部聯絡人"
+    "viewAll": "查看全部聯絡人",
+    "addressCount": "{{count}}/{{max}}",
+    "defaultLabel": "預設"
   },
   "contactCard": {
     "scanToAdd": "掃碼添加聯絡人",
@@ -265,7 +273,9 @@
     "selectWallets": "選擇錢包",
     "title": "我的名片",
     "usernamePlaceholder": "輸入使用者名稱",
-    "walletAddress": "{{wallet}} ({{chain}})"
+    "walletAddress": "{{wallet}} ({{chain}})",
+    "chainLabel": "（{{chain}}）",
+    "removeWallet": "移除 {{name}}"
   },
   "name": "名稱",
   "navOverview": "概覽",
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/devtools.json b/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/devtools.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e87d3ff93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/devtools.json
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+{
+  "title": "Mock DevTools",
+  "tabs": {
+    "logs": "日誌",
+    "breakpoints": "斷點",
+    "console": "Console",
+    "settings": "設定"
+  },
+  "button": {
+    "open": "開啟 Mock DevTools（可拖動）"
+  },
+  "footer": {
+    "mode": "Mock 模式",
+    "logs": "{{count}} 條日誌",
+    "paused": "暫停 {{count}}"
+  },
+  "logs": {
+    "filterPlaceholder": "過濾 service.method...",
+    "clear": "清除日誌",
+    "empty": "暫無請求日誌",
+    "input": "輸入：",
+    "output": "輸出：",
+    "error": "錯誤：",
+    "intercepted": "已被攔截修改"
+  },
+  "settings": {
+    "defaultError": "模擬錯誤",
+    "globalDelay": "全域延遲",
+    "ms": "ms",
+    "delayMarks": {
+      "zero": "0",
+      "one": "1s",
+      "two": "2s",
+      "three": "3s+"
+    },
+    "mockError": "模擬錯誤",
+    "errorPlaceholder": "錯誤訊息（選填）",
+    "errorNotice": "所有請求將返回錯誤",
+    "resetAll": "重置所有設定",
+    "clearLogs": "清除日誌",
+    "clearBreakpoints": "清除斷點",
+    "tipTitle": "提示",
+    "tipDelay": "全域延遲會套用到所有 Mock 服務請求",
+    "tipError": "模擬錯誤會讓所有請求拋出指定錯誤",
+    "tipBreakpoint": "斷點可在「斷點」面板中單獨設定"
+  },
+  "breakpoints": {
+    "consoleLabel": "Console:",
+    "consoleView": "在 Console 中查看",
+    "resume": "繼續",
+    "abort": "中止",
+    "ms": "ms",
+    "input": "input",
+    "output": "output",
+    "inputHint": "($input 可用)",
+    "outputHint": "($input, $output 可用)",
+    "pause": "暫停",
+    "pauseConditionPlaceholder": "條件表達式（選填）",
+    "inject": "注入",
+    "injectInputPlaceholder": "$input.text = 'modified'",
+    "injectOutputPlaceholder": "return { success: true }\n// 或 throw new Error('test')",
+    "summary": {
+      "delay": "延遲：{{ms}}ms",
+      "inputPause": "input:暫停",
+      "inputInject": "input:注入",
+      "outputPause": "output:暫停",
+      "outputInject": "output:注入"
+    },
+    "addDialogTitle": "新增斷點",
+    "add": "新增",
+    "title": "斷點",
+    "pausedCount": "暫停中（{{count}}）",
+    "emptyTitle": "暫無斷點",
+    "emptyHint": "點擊「新增」建立斷點"
+  },
+  "console": {
+    "help": {
+      "sections": {
+        "commands": "命令",
+        "variables": "變數",
+        "methods": "方法",
+        "examples": "範例"
+      },
+      "commands": {
+        "help": "顯示說明",
+        "clear": "清空 Console",
+        "vars": "顯示可用變數",
+        "copy": "複製表達式結果到剪貼簿"
+      },
+      "variables": {
+        "paused": "暫停請求陣列",
+        "indexed": "依索引訪問暫停請求",
+        "latest": "最新的暫停請求",
+        "byId": "依 ID 訪問，例如 $p1, $p2"
+      },
+      "methods": {
+        "resume": "繼續執行，可傳入修改後的值",
+        "abort": "中止請求"
+      },
+      "examples": {
+        "latest": "查看最新暫停請求",
+        "input": "查看請求的輸入",
+        "copy": "複製輸入到剪貼簿",
+        "resume": "繼續執行"
+      }
+    },
+    "vars": {
+      "available": "可用變數",
+      "pausedCount": "暫停數量"
+    },
+    "copy": {
+      "usage": "用法: /copy <expr>，例如: /copy $p1.$input",
+      "success": "已複製到剪貼簿 ({{count}} 字元)",
+      "failure": "複製失敗: {{message}}",
+      "expressionError": "表達式錯誤: {{message}}"
+    },
+    "unknownCommand": "未知命令: {{command}}。輸入 /help 查看說明。",
+    "title": "Console",
+    "pausedCount": "暫停 {{count}}",
+    "clearTitle": "清空 Console (/clear)",
+    "empty": {
+      "titlePrefix": "Console 面板 - 輸入",
+      "titleSuffix": "查看說明",
+      "varsLabel": "變數：",
+      "vars": "變數：<code>$paused</code>, <code>$0</code>, <code>$_</code>, <code>$p{id}</code>"
+    },
+    "inputPlaceholder": "輸入表達式... (↑↓ 歷史)",
+    "runTitle": "執行 (Enter)"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/ecosystem.json b/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/ecosystem.json
index 7261ebec4..b6a53d825 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/ecosystem.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/ecosystem.json
@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@
     "title": "可信源管理",
     "add": "添加訂閱",
     "remove": "移除",
-    "empty": "暫無訂閱源"
+    "empty": "暫無訂閱源",
+    "defaultName": "Bio 官方生態"
   },
   "permissions": {
     "title": "權限請求",
@@ -120,6 +121,7 @@
     "unknownDeveloper": "未知開發者",
     "preview": "預覽",
     "supportedChains": "支援的區塊鏈",
+    "beta": "測試版",
     "privacy": "應用隱私",
     "privacyHint": "開發者聲明此應用可能會請求以下權限",
     "tags": "標籤",
@@ -141,6 +143,7 @@
       "social": "社交",
       "exchange": "交易所",
       "other": "其他"
-    }
+    },
+    "tagLabel": "#{{tag}}"
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/error.json b/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/error.json
index c2bbbbaa8..8854f0437 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/error.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/error.json
@@ -115,5 +115,14 @@
     "mustBeArray": "signaturedata 必須是 JSON 數組",
     "emptyArray": "signaturedata 不能為空數組",
     "firstMustBeObject": "signaturedata[0] 必須是對象"
+  },
+  "providerFallback": {
+    "title": "{{feature}} 查詢失敗",
+    "description": "所有已設定的提供方皆失敗，已顯示預設值。",
+    "details": "技術詳情"
+  },
+  "boundary": {
+    "title": "發生了一些問題",
+    "retry": "重試"
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/onboarding.json b/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/onboarding.json
index 11a031816..1b1d0dcf8 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/onboarding.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/onboarding.json
@@ -188,7 +188,8 @@
     "searchPlaceholder": "搜尋鏈名稱或符號",
     "noResults": "未找到匹配的鏈",
     "selectAll": "全選",
-    "deselectAll": "取消全選"
+    "deselectAll": "取消全選",
+    "selectionCount": "{{selected}}/{{total}}"
   },
   "theme": {
     "walletName": "錢包名稱",
@@ -199,4 +200,4 @@
     "similarExists": "已有相似顏色",
     "auto": "自動"
   }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/staking.json b/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/staking.json
index 0b1121b47..db9f25177 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/staking.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/staking.json
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
   "burnDescription": "將內鏈代幣轉換為外鏈代幣",
   "sourceChain": "源鏈",
   "targetChain": "目標鏈",
+  "targetChainLabel": "→ {{chain}}（{{asset}}）",
   "estimatedFee": "預估手續費",
   "transactionPending": "交易待處理",
   "transactionConfirming": "確認中",
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/transaction.json b/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/transaction.json
index 4edcdd4cd..faa318777 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/transaction.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/transaction.json
@@ -229,6 +229,8 @@
     "continue": "繼續",
     "explorerNotImplemented": "區塊瀏覽器功能待實現",
     "fee": "手續費",
+    "feeEstimating": "預估中...",
+    "feeUnavailable": "手續費不可用",
     "from": "發送地址",
     "networkWarning": "請確保收款地址為 {{chain}} 網絡地址，發送到錯誤網絡將無法找回",
     "resultTitle": "發送結果",
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/wallet.json b/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/wallet.json
index 5a3ddd57f..66a6256ac 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/wallet.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/zh-TW/wallet.json
@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@
   "defaultName": "我的錢包",
   "randomName": "隨機名稱",
   "carousel": {
-    "walletCount": "{{count}} 個錢包"
+    "walletCount": "{{count}} 個錢包",
+    "walletCount_one": "{{count}} 個錢包"
   },
   "menu": {
     "addressBalanceQuery": "地址餘額查詢",
@@ -199,5 +200,8 @@
   "walletsUnderIdentity": "身份錢包",
   "willSynchronizeImportIntoThe_{chainname}ChainWithTheSamePrivateKey": "將同步導入 鏈",
   "{assetType}Details": "詳情",
-  "{asset}TotalCirculation": "當前流通量"
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+  "{asset}TotalCirculation": "當前流通量",
+  "miniCard": {
+    "label": "錢包卡片"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/lib/address-format.ts b/src/lib/address-format.ts
index 8dc8d28e9..8cb4cc4ac 100644
--- a/src/lib/address-format.ts
+++ b/src/lib/address-format.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
  */
 
 import type { ChainType } from '@/stores'
+import { chainConfigService } from '@/services/chain-config/service'
 import { isValidBioforestAddress, isBioforestChain, type BioforestChainType } from './crypto'
 
 /** Address format detection result */
@@ -104,6 +105,27 @@ export function detectAddressFormat(address: string): AddressFormatInfo {
  * Check if address is valid for a specific chain
  */
 export function isValidAddressForChain(address: string, chainType: ChainType): boolean {
+  const config = chainConfigService.getConfig(chainType)
+  if (config) {
+    if (config.chainKind === 'bioforest') {
+      return isValidBioforestAddress(address)
+    }
+
+    const info = detectAddressFormat(address)
+    if (!info.isValid || info.chainType === null) return false
+
+    switch (config.chainKind) {
+      case 'evm':
+        return info.chainType === 'ethereum'
+      case 'tron':
+        return info.chainType === 'tron'
+      case 'bitcoin':
+        return info.chainType === 'bitcoin'
+      default:
+        return false
+    }
+  }
+
   const info = detectAddressFormat(address)
   if (!info.isValid) return false
   if (info.chainType === null) return false
diff --git a/src/lib/error-capture.ts b/src/lib/error-capture.ts
index 3867c1c06..8afb4706a 100644
--- a/src/lib/error-capture.ts
+++ b/src/lib/error-capture.ts
@@ -116,6 +116,15 @@ export function clearCapturedErrors(): void {
     sessionStorage.removeItem(STORAGE_KEY)
 }
 
+export function captureError(error: Error, errorInfo?: { componentStack?: string }): void {
+    saveError({
+        timestamp: formatTimestamp(),
+        type: 'error',
+        message: error.message,
+        stack: [error.stack, errorInfo?.componentStack].filter(Boolean).join('\n'),
+    })
+}
+
 export function printCapturedErrors(): void {
     const errors = getErrors()
     console.log(`[ErrorCapture] ${errors.length} captured errors:`)
diff --git a/src/pages/address-transactions/index.tsx b/src/pages/address-transactions/index.tsx
index 60ce2ef7c..072212360 100644
--- a/src/pages/address-transactions/index.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/address-transactions/index.tsx
@@ -23,11 +23,14 @@ function formatDate(timestamp: number): string {
 }
 
 function TransactionItem({ tx, address }: { tx: Transaction; address: string }) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('common')
   const isOutgoing = tx.direction === 'out' || tx.from.toLowerCase() === address.toLowerCase()
   const primaryAsset = tx.assets.find((a) => a.assetType === 'native' || a.assetType === 'token')
   const value = primaryAsset ? primaryAsset.value : '0'
   const symbol = primaryAsset ? primaryAsset.symbol : ''
   const decimals = primaryAsset ? primaryAsset.decimals : 0
+  const sign = isOutgoing ? t('sign.minus') : t('sign.plus')
+  const directionLabel = isOutgoing ? t('addressLookup.toLabel') : t('addressLookup.fromLabel')
 
   return (
     <div className="flex items-center gap-3 py-3 border-b last:border-b-0">
@@ -36,14 +39,15 @@ function TransactionItem({ tx, address }: { tx: Transaction; address: string })
       </div>
       <div className="flex-1 min-w-0">
         <div className="text-sm font-medium truncate">
-          {isOutgoing ? `To: ${tx.to}` : `From: ${tx.from}`}
+          {directionLabel} {isOutgoing ? tx.to : tx.from}
         </div>
         <div className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
           {formatDate(tx.timestamp)}
         </div>
       </div>
       <div className={`text-sm font-medium ${isOutgoing ? 'text-red-600' : 'text-green-600'}`}>
-        {isOutgoing ? '-' : '+'}{formatAmount(value, decimals)} {symbol}
+        {sign}
+        {formatAmount(value, decimals)} {symbol}
       </div>
     </div>
   )
diff --git a/src/pages/authorize/address.tsx b/src/pages/authorize/address.tsx
index b93d459c5..58c2a82db 100644
--- a/src/pages/authorize/address.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/authorize/address.tsx
@@ -19,27 +19,10 @@ import {
   type CallerAppInfo,
 } from '@/services/authorize'
 import { useToast } from '@/services'
-import { walletStore, walletSelectors, type Wallet } from '@/stores'
+import { useChainNameMap, walletStore, walletSelectors, type Wallet } from '@/stores'
 
 const REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MS = 5 * 60 * 1000
 
-const CHAIN_NAMES: Record<string, string> = {
-  ethereum: 'Ethereum',
-  bitcoin: 'Bitcoin',
-  tron: 'Tron',
-  binance: 'BSC',
-  bsc: 'BSC',
-  bfmeta: 'BFMeta',
-  ccchain: 'CCChain',
-  pmchain: 'PMChain',
-  bfchainv2: 'BFChain V2',
-  btgmeta: 'BTGMeta',
-  biwmeta: 'BIWMeta',
-  ethmeta: 'ETHMeta',
-  malibu: 'Malibu',
-  ccc: 'CCChain',
-}
-
 function toChainIconType(chainName: string | undefined): ChainIconType | undefined {
   if (!chainName) return undefined
   return chainName
@@ -60,7 +43,11 @@ function toWalletSelectorItems(wallets: Wallet[]): WalletInfo[] {
   }))
 }
 
-function buildChainData(wallets: Wallet[], currentWalletId: string | null): ChainData[] {
+function buildChainData(
+  wallets: Wallet[],
+  currentWalletId: string | null,
+  chainNameMap: Record<string, string>
+): ChainData[] {
   const grouped = new Map<ChainIconType, Array<{ address: string; isDefault: boolean }>>()
 
   for (const wallet of wallets) {
@@ -76,7 +63,7 @@ function buildChainData(wallets: Wallet[], currentWalletId: string | null): Chai
 
   return Array.from(grouped.entries()).map(([chain, addresses]) => ({
     chain,
-    name: CHAIN_NAMES[chain] ?? chain,
+    name: chainNameMap[chain] ?? chain,
     addresses: addresses.map((a) => ({ address: a.address, isDefault: a.isDefault })),
   }))
 }
@@ -104,6 +91,7 @@ export function AddressAuthPage() {
   const currentWalletId = useStore(walletStore, (s) => s.currentWalletId)
   const wallets = useStore(walletStore, (s) => s.wallets)
   const currentWallet = useStore(walletStore, walletSelectors.getCurrentWallet)
+  const chainNameMap = useChainNameMap()
 
   const [appInfo, setAppInfo] = useState<CallerAppInfo | null>(null)
   const [loadError, setLoadError] = useState<string | null>(null)
@@ -189,7 +177,10 @@ export function AddressAuthPage() {
     return wallets.find((w) => w.id === selectedWalletId) ?? null
   }, [selectedWalletId, wallets])
 
-  const chains = useMemo(() => buildChainData(wallets, currentWalletId), [wallets, currentWalletId])
+  const chains = useMemo(
+    () => buildChainData(wallets, currentWalletId, chainNameMap),
+    [chainNameMap, currentWalletId, wallets]
+  )
 
   // 当前钱包可用的链列表
   const availableChains = useMemo(() => {
@@ -371,7 +362,7 @@ export function AddressAuthPage() {
             {type === 'main' && tAuthorize('address.scope.main')}
             {type === 'network' &&
               tAuthorize('address.scope.network', {
-                chainName: CHAIN_NAMES[selectedChain ?? ''] ?? (selectedChain ?? ''),
+                chainName: (selectedChain ? chainNameMap[selectedChain] : undefined) ?? (selectedChain ?? ''),
               })}
             {type === 'all' && tAuthorize('address.scope.all')}
           </div>
@@ -392,7 +383,7 @@ export function AddressAuthPage() {
               <WalletCard
                 wallet={currentWallet}
                 chain={selectedChain}
-                chainName={CHAIN_NAMES[selectedChain] ?? selectedChain}
+                chainName={chainNameMap[selectedChain] ?? selectedChain}
                 address={selectedChainAddress}
                 priority="low"
                 onOpenChainSelector={chainIconType ? undefined : () => setChainSelectorOpen(true)}
@@ -502,7 +493,7 @@ export function AddressAuthPage() {
                   >
                     <ChainIcon chain={chain} size="md" />
                     <div className="flex-1 text-left">
-                      <div className="font-medium">{CHAIN_NAMES[chain] ?? chain}</div>
+                      <div className="font-medium">{chainNameMap[chain] ?? chain}</div>
                       <div className="font-mono text-xs text-muted-foreground">
                         {chainAddr?.address ? truncateAddress(chainAddr.address) : '---'}
                       </div>
diff --git a/src/pages/destroy/index.tsx b/src/pages/destroy/index.tsx
index 2e35b36a5..02e61fa85 100644
--- a/src/pages/destroy/index.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/destroy/index.tsx
@@ -24,27 +24,13 @@ import { ChainProviderGate, useChainProvider } from '@/contexts';
 import {
   useChainConfigState,
   chainConfigSelectors,
+  useChainDisplayName,
   useCurrentChainAddress,
   useCurrentWallet,
   useSelectedChain,
   type ChainType,
 } from '@/stores';
 
-const CHAIN_NAMES: Record<ChainType, string> = {
-  ethereum: 'Ethereum',
-  bitcoin: 'Bitcoin',
-  tron: 'Tron',
-  binance: 'BSC',
-  bfmeta: 'BFMeta',
-  ccchain: 'CCChain',
-  pmchain: 'PMChain',
-  bfchainv2: 'BFChain V2',
-  btgmeta: 'BTGMeta',
-  biwmeta: 'BIWMeta',
-  ethmeta: 'ETHMeta',
-  malibu: 'Malibu',
-};
-
 /** Convert TokenInfo to AssetInfo */
 function tokenToAsset(token: TokenInfo): AssetInfo {
   return {
@@ -89,7 +75,7 @@ function DestroyPageContent() {
   const chainConfig = chainConfigState.snapshot
     ? chainConfigSelectors.getChainById(chainConfigState, selectedChain)
     : null;
-  const selectedChainName = chainConfig?.name ?? CHAIN_NAMES[selectedChain] ?? selectedChain;
+  const selectedChainName = useChainDisplayName(selectedChain);
 
   // 使用 useChainProvider() 获取确保非空的 provider
   const chainProvider = useChainProvider();
diff --git a/src/pages/my-card/index.tsx b/src/pages/my-card/index.tsx
index 66113c87d..c0f2ab387 100644
--- a/src/pages/my-card/index.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/my-card/index.tsx
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import {
     userProfileActions,
     useWallets,
     useChainPreferences,
+    useChainNameMap,
     type Wallet,
     type ChainType,
 } from '@/stores';
@@ -38,31 +39,16 @@ import { WalletPickerSheet } from './wallet-picker-sheet';
 import { resolveBackgroundStops } from '@/components/wallet/refraction';
 import { useSnapdomShare } from '@/hooks/useSnapdomShare';
 
-const CHAIN_NAMES: Record<ChainType, string> = {
-    ethereum: 'ETH',
-    bitcoin: 'BTC',
-    tron: 'TRX',
-    binance: 'BSC',
-    bfmeta: 'BFMeta',
-    ccchain: 'CCChain',
-    pmchain: 'PMChain',
-    bfchainv2: 'BFChain V2',
-    btgmeta: 'BTGMeta',
-    biwmeta: 'BIWMeta',
-    ethmeta: 'ETHMeta',
-    malibu: 'Malibu',
-};
-
-
-
 export function MyCardPage() {
     const { t } = useTranslation(['common', 'settings']);
     const { goBack } = useNavigation();
+    const inputRef = useRef<HTMLInputElement>(null);
     const cardRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
 
     const profile = useUserProfile();
     const wallets = useWallets();
     const chainPreferences = useChainPreferences();
+    const chainNameMap = useChainNameMap();
 
     const [isEditingUsername, setIsEditingUsername] = useState(false);
     const [usernameInput, setUsernameInput] = useState(profile.username);
@@ -107,10 +93,12 @@ export function MyCardPage() {
 
     // Generate addresses for QR code
     const addresses: ContactAddressInfo[] = useMemo(() => {
-        return selectedWalletsWithAddresses.map(({ wallet, address }) => ({
-            address: address!,
-            label: wallet.name, // Only wallet name, color indicates address type
-        }));
+        return selectedWalletsWithAddresses
+            .filter((item): item is { wallet: Wallet; chain: ChainType; address: string } => !!item.address)
+            .map(({ wallet, address }) => ({
+                address,
+                label: wallet.name, // Only wallet name, color indicates address type
+            }));
     }, [selectedWalletsWithAddresses]);
 
     // Generate QR content
@@ -147,6 +135,12 @@ export function MyCardPage() {
         }
     }, [handleUsernameSave]);
 
+    useEffect(() => {
+        if (isEditingUsername) {
+            inputRef.current?.focus();
+        }
+    }, [isEditingUsername]);
+
     // Snapdom share hook
     const { isProcessing: isDownloading, download: handleDownload, share: handleShare } = useSnapdomShare(
         cardRef,
@@ -181,13 +175,13 @@ export function MyCardPage() {
                 {isEditingUsername ? (
                     <div className="mb-6 flex items-center gap-2">
                         <Input
+                            ref={inputRef}
                             value={usernameInput}
                             onChange={(e) => setUsernameInput(e.target.value)}
                             onBlur={handleUsernameSave}
                             onKeyDown={handleUsernameKeyDown}
                             placeholder={t('myCard.usernamePlaceholder')}
                             className="w-48 text-center"
-                            autoFocus
                         />
                     </div>
                 ) : (
@@ -232,12 +226,14 @@ export function MyCardPage() {
                                     style={{ backgroundColor: c0, color: '#FFFFFF' }}
                                 >
                                     <span>{wallet.name}</span>
-                                    <span style={{ opacity: 0.8 }}>({CHAIN_NAMES[chain] || chain})</span>
+                                    <span style={{ opacity: 0.8 }}>
+                                      {t('myCard.chainLabel', { chain: chainNameMap[chain] || chain })}
+                                    </span>
                                     <button
                                         type="button"
                                         onClick={() => userProfileActions.toggleWalletSelection(wallet.id)}
                                         className="ml-0.5 rounded-full p-0.5 transition-colors hover:bg-white/20"
-                                        aria-label={`Remove ${wallet.name}`}
+                                        aria-label={t('myCard.removeWallet', { name: wallet.name })}
                                     >
                                         <X className="size-3" />
                                     </button>
diff --git a/src/pages/my-card/wallet-picker-sheet.tsx b/src/pages/my-card/wallet-picker-sheet.tsx
index c6c3938a2..de12eefeb 100644
--- a/src/pages/my-card/wallet-picker-sheet.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/my-card/wallet-picker-sheet.tsx
@@ -15,25 +15,10 @@ import {
     useChainPreferences,
     useSelectedWalletIds,
     useCanAddMoreWallets,
+    useChainNameMap,
     userProfileActions,
-    type ChainType,
 } from '@/stores';
 
-const CHAIN_NAMES: Record<ChainType, string> = {
-    ethereum: 'Ethereum',
-    bitcoin: 'Bitcoin',
-    tron: 'Tron',
-    binance: 'BSC',
-    bfmeta: 'BFMeta',
-    ccchain: 'CCChain',
-    pmchain: 'PMChain',
-    bfchainv2: 'BFChain V2',
-    btgmeta: 'BTGMeta',
-    biwmeta: 'BIWMeta',
-    ethmeta: 'ETHMeta',
-    malibu: 'Malibu',
-};
-
 interface WalletPickerSheetProps {
     open: boolean;
     onOpenChange: (open: boolean) => void;
@@ -45,6 +30,7 @@ export function WalletPickerSheet({ open, onOpenChange }: WalletPickerSheetProps
     const chainPreferences = useChainPreferences();
     const selectedWalletIds = useSelectedWalletIds();
     const canAddMore = useCanAddMoreWallets();
+    const chainNameMap = useChainNameMap();
 
     const handleWalletToggle = useCallback((walletId: string) => {
         const isSelected = selectedWalletIds.includes(walletId);
@@ -87,7 +73,7 @@ export function WalletPickerSheet({ open, onOpenChange }: WalletPickerSheetProps
                                 <div className="flex-1 min-w-0">
                                     <div className="font-medium">{wallet.name}</div>
                                     <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                                        <span>{CHAIN_NAMES[selectedChain] || selectedChain}</span>
+                                        <span>{chainNameMap[selectedChain] || selectedChain}</span>
                                         <span className="truncate font-mono text-xs">
                                             {chainAddress?.address.slice(0, 8)}...{chainAddress?.address.slice(-6)}
                                         </span>
diff --git a/src/pages/receive/index.tsx b/src/pages/receive/index.tsx
index db281f644..acb21f784 100644
--- a/src/pages/receive/index.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/receive/index.tsx
@@ -16,22 +16,7 @@ import {
   IconDownload as Download,
   IconLoader2 as Loader,
 } from '@tabler/icons-react';
-import { useCurrentChainAddress, useSelectedChain, useUserProfile, type ChainType } from '@/stores';
-
-const CHAIN_NAMES: Record<ChainType, string> = {
-  ethereum: 'Ethereum',
-  bitcoin: 'Bitcoin',
-  tron: 'Tron',
-  binance: 'BSC',
-  bfmeta: 'BFMeta',
-  ccchain: 'CCChain',
-  pmchain: 'PMChain',
-  bfchainv2: 'BFChain V2',
-  btgmeta: 'BTGMeta',
-  biwmeta: 'BIWMeta',
-  ethmeta: 'ETHMeta',
-  malibu: 'Malibu',
-};
+import { useChainDisplayName, useCurrentChainAddress, useSelectedChain, useUserProfile } from '@/stores';
 
 export function ReceivePage() {
   const { t } = useTranslation(['transaction', 'common']);
@@ -42,7 +27,7 @@ export function ReceivePage() {
 
   const chainAddress = useCurrentChainAddress();
   const selectedChain = useSelectedChain();
-  const selectedChainName = CHAIN_NAMES[selectedChain] ?? selectedChain;
+  const selectedChainName = useChainDisplayName(selectedChain);
   const profile = useUserProfile();
 
   const [copied, setCopied] = useState(false);
diff --git a/src/pages/send/index.tsx b/src/pages/send/index.tsx
index 3c42017ff..eb3075585 100644
--- a/src/pages/send/index.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/send/index.tsx
@@ -17,33 +17,19 @@ import { GradientButton, Alert } from '@/components/common';
 import { ChainIcon } from '@/components/wallet/chain-icon';
 import { useToast, useHaptics } from '@/services';
 import { useSend } from '@/hooks/use-send';
+import { adjustAmountForFee } from '@/hooks/use-send.logic';
 import { Amount } from '@/types/amount';
 import { IconChevronRight as ArrowRight } from '@tabler/icons-react';
 import { ChainProviderGate, useChainProvider } from '@/contexts';
 import {
   useChainConfigState,
   chainConfigSelectors,
+  useChainDisplayName,
   useCurrentChainAddress,
   useCurrentWallet,
   useSelectedChain,
-  type ChainType,
 } from '@/stores';
 
-const CHAIN_NAMES: Record<ChainType, string> = {
-  ethereum: 'Ethereum',
-  bitcoin: 'Bitcoin',
-  tron: 'Tron',
-  binance: 'BSC',
-  bfmeta: 'BFMeta',
-  ccchain: 'CCChain',
-  pmchain: 'PMChain',
-  bfchainv2: 'BFChain V2',
-  btgmeta: 'BTGMeta',
-  biwmeta: 'BIWMeta',
-  ethmeta: 'ETHMeta',
-  malibu: 'Malibu',
-};
-
 // ==================== 内部内容组件 ====================
 
 function SendPageContent() {
@@ -76,7 +62,7 @@ function SendPageContent() {
   const chainConfig = chainConfigState.snapshot
     ? chainConfigSelectors.getChainById(chainConfigState, selectedChain)
     : null;
-  const selectedChainName = chainConfig?.name ?? CHAIN_NAMES[selectedChain] ?? selectedChain;
+  const selectedChainName = useChainDisplayName(selectedChain);
 
   // 使用 useChainProvider() 获取确保非空的 provider
   const chainProvider = useChainProvider();
@@ -225,6 +211,19 @@ function SendPageContent() {
     return getBalance(state.asset.assetType);
   }, [getBalance, state.asset]);
   const symbol = state.asset?.assetType ?? 'TOKEN';
+  const feeSymbol = state.feeSymbol || chainConfig?.symbol;
+  const isFeeSameAsset = !!feeSymbol && feeSymbol === symbol;
+  const maxAmount = useMemo(() => {
+    if (!state.asset || !balance) return undefined;
+    if (!state.feeAmount) return balance;
+    const assetForMax = { ...state.asset, amount: balance, decimals: balance.decimals };
+    const result = adjustAmountForFee(balance, assetForMax, state.feeAmount);
+    if (result.status === 'ok') {
+      return result.adjustedAmount ?? balance;
+    }
+    return Amount.zero(balance.decimals, assetForMax.assetType);
+  }, [balance, state.asset, state.feeAmount]);
+  const maxDisabled = isFeeSameAsset && (!state.feeAmount || state.feeLoading);
 
   const handleOpenScanner = useCallback(() => {
     // 设置扫描结果回调
@@ -403,11 +402,25 @@ function SendPageContent() {
           value={state.amount ?? undefined}
           onChange={setAmount}
           balance={balance ?? undefined}
+          max={maxAmount}
+          maxDisabled={maxDisabled}
           symbol={symbol}
           error={state.amountError ?? undefined}
           fiatValue={state.amount ? state.amount.toNumber().toFixed(2) : undefined}
         />
 
+        {/* Fee estimate */}
+        <div className="text-muted-foreground flex items-center justify-between text-xs">
+          <span>{t('sendPage.fee')}</span>
+          <span>
+            {state.feeLoading
+              ? t('sendPage.feeEstimating')
+              : state.feeAmount
+                ? `${state.feeAmount.toFormatted()} ${state.feeSymbol || symbol}`
+                : t('sendPage.feeUnavailable')}
+          </span>
+        </div>
+
         {/* Network warning */}
         <Alert variant="info">{t('sendPage.networkWarning', { chain: selectedChainName })}</Alert>
 
diff --git a/src/pages/staking/components/burn-form.tsx b/src/pages/staking/components/burn-form.tsx
index d680abddd..a6978f415 100644
--- a/src/pages/staking/components/burn-form.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/staking/components/burn-form.tsx
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import { stakingService } from '@/services/staking';
 import { Amount } from '@/types/amount';
 import type { ExternalChain, InternalChain, RechargeConfig, BurnRequest } from '@/types/staking';
 import { cn } from '@/lib/utils';
+import { useChainNameMap } from '@/stores';
 
 interface BurnFormProps {
   onSuccess?: (txId: string) => void;
@@ -23,15 +24,11 @@ interface BurnFormProps {
 /** Available source (internal) chain options */
 const SOURCE_CHAINS: InternalChain[] = ['BFMeta', 'BFChain', 'CCChain', 'PMChain'];
 
-/** Chain display names */
-const CHAIN_NAMES: Record<string, string> = {
+/** External chain display names */
+const EXTERNAL_CHAIN_NAMES: Record<ExternalChain, string> = {
   ETH: 'Ethereum',
   BSC: 'BNB Chain',
   TRON: 'Tron',
-  BFMeta: 'BFMeta',
-  BFChain: 'BFChain',
-  CCChain: 'CCChain',
-  PMChain: 'PMChain',
 };
 
 /** Mock internal chain balances for validation */
@@ -80,6 +77,7 @@ function getAvailableTokens(config: RechargeConfig | null, sourceChain: Internal
 /** Burn form component */
 export function BurnForm({ onSuccess, className }: BurnFormProps) {
   const { t } = useTranslation('staking');
+  const chainNameMap = useChainNameMap();
 
   // Form state
   const [sourceChain, setSourceChain] = useState<InternalChain>('BFMeta');
@@ -114,6 +112,16 @@ export function BurnForm({ onSuccess, className }: BurnFormProps) {
   // Available tokens for selected source chain
   const availableTokens = useMemo(() => getAvailableTokens(config, sourceChain), [config, sourceChain]);
 
+  const getChainName = useCallback(
+    (chain: string): string => {
+      const externalName = EXTERNAL_CHAIN_NAMES[chain as ExternalChain];
+      if (externalName) return externalName;
+      const lowerKey = chain.toLowerCase();
+      return chainNameMap[lowerKey] ?? chainNameMap[chain] ?? chain;
+    },
+    [chainNameMap],
+  );
+
   // Currently selected token's target chains
   const selectedTokenTargets = useMemo(() => {
     if (!sourceAsset) return [];
@@ -233,7 +241,7 @@ export function BurnForm({ onSuccess, className }: BurnFormProps) {
             <div className="bg-primary/20 text-primary flex size-6 items-center justify-center rounded-full text-xs font-bold">
               {sourceChain.charAt(0)}
             </div>
-            <span className="font-medium">{CHAIN_NAMES[sourceChain]}</span>
+            <span className="font-medium">{getChainName(sourceChain)}</span>
           </div>
           <ChevronRight className="text-muted-foreground size-4" />
         </button>
@@ -303,7 +311,7 @@ export function BurnForm({ onSuccess, className }: BurnFormProps) {
             <div className="bg-muted flex size-6 items-center justify-center rounded-full text-xs font-bold">
               {targetChain ? targetChain.charAt(0) : '?'}
             </div>
-            <span className="font-medium">{targetChain ? CHAIN_NAMES[targetChain] : t('selectChain')}</span>
+            <span className="font-medium">{targetChain ? getChainName(targetChain) : t('selectChain')}</span>
           </div>
           <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
             <TokenIcon symbol={sourceAsset || '?'} size="sm" />
@@ -352,7 +360,7 @@ export function BurnForm({ onSuccess, className }: BurnFormProps) {
                 <div className="bg-primary/20 text-primary flex size-8 items-center justify-center rounded-full text-sm font-bold">
                   {chain.charAt(0)}
                 </div>
-                <span className="font-medium">{CHAIN_NAMES[chain]}</span>
+                <span className="font-medium">{getChainName(chain)}</span>
                 {sourceChain === chain && <span className="text-primary ml-auto">✓</span>}
               </button>
             ))}
@@ -414,7 +422,7 @@ export function BurnForm({ onSuccess, className }: BurnFormProps) {
                 <div className="bg-muted flex size-8 items-center justify-center rounded-full text-sm font-bold">
                   {chain.charAt(0)}
                 </div>
-                <span className="font-medium">{CHAIN_NAMES[chain]}</span>
+                <span className="font-medium">{getChainName(chain)}</span>
                 {targetChain === chain && <span className="text-primary ml-auto">✓</span>}
               </button>
             ))}
diff --git a/src/pages/staking/components/mint-form.tsx b/src/pages/staking/components/mint-form.tsx
index caf88f115..845b4fb7d 100644
--- a/src/pages/staking/components/mint-form.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/staking/components/mint-form.tsx
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import { stakingService } from '@/services/staking';
 import { Amount } from '@/types/amount';
 import type { ExternalChain, InternalChain, RechargeConfig, MintRequest } from '@/types/staking';
 import { cn } from '@/lib/utils';
+import { useChainNameMap } from '@/stores';
 
 interface MintFormProps {
   onSuccess?: (txId: string) => void;
@@ -23,15 +24,11 @@ interface MintFormProps {
 /** Available source chain options */
 const SOURCE_CHAINS: ExternalChain[] = ['ETH', 'BSC', 'TRON'];
 
-/** Chain display names */
-const CHAIN_NAMES: Record<string, string> = {
+/** External chain display names */
+const EXTERNAL_CHAIN_NAMES: Record<ExternalChain, string> = {
   ETH: 'Ethereum',
   BSC: 'BNB Chain',
   TRON: 'Tron',
-  BFMeta: 'BFMeta',
-  BFChain: 'BFChain',
-  CCChain: 'CCChain',
-  PMChain: 'PMChain',
 };
 
 /** Mock balances for validation */
@@ -71,6 +68,7 @@ function getAvailableTokens(
 /** Mint form component */
 export function MintForm({ onSuccess, className }: MintFormProps) {
   const { t } = useTranslation('staking');
+  const chainNameMap = useChainNameMap();
 
   // Form state
   const [sourceChain, setSourceChain] = useState<ExternalChain>('BSC');
@@ -105,6 +103,16 @@ export function MintForm({ onSuccess, className }: MintFormProps) {
   // Available tokens for selected source chain
   const availableTokens = useMemo(() => getAvailableTokens(config, sourceChain), [config, sourceChain]);
 
+  const getChainName = useCallback(
+    (chain: string): string => {
+      const externalName = EXTERNAL_CHAIN_NAMES[chain as ExternalChain];
+      if (externalName) return externalName;
+      const lowerKey = chain.toLowerCase();
+      return chainNameMap[lowerKey] ?? chainNameMap[chain] ?? chain;
+    },
+    [chainNameMap],
+  );
+
   // Set default token when chain changes
   useEffect(() => {
     const firstToken = availableTokens[0];
@@ -208,7 +216,7 @@ export function MintForm({ onSuccess, className }: MintFormProps) {
             <div className="bg-muted flex size-6 items-center justify-center rounded-full text-xs font-bold">
               {sourceChain.charAt(0)}
             </div>
-            <span className="font-medium">{CHAIN_NAMES[sourceChain]}</span>
+            <span className="font-medium">{getChainName(sourceChain)}</span>
           </div>
           <ChevronRight className="text-muted-foreground size-4" />
         </button>
@@ -273,7 +281,7 @@ export function MintForm({ onSuccess, className }: MintFormProps) {
             <div className="bg-primary/20 text-primary flex size-6 items-center justify-center rounded-full text-xs font-bold">
               {targetChain.charAt(0) || '?'}
             </div>
-            <span className="font-medium">{CHAIN_NAMES[targetChain] || t('selectToken')}</span>
+            <span className="font-medium">{targetChain ? getChainName(targetChain) : t('selectToken')}</span>
           </div>
           <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
             <TokenIcon symbol={targetAsset || '?'} size="sm" />
@@ -321,7 +329,7 @@ export function MintForm({ onSuccess, className }: MintFormProps) {
                 <div className="bg-muted flex size-8 items-center justify-center rounded-full text-sm font-bold">
                   {chain.charAt(0)}
                 </div>
-                <span className="font-medium">{CHAIN_NAMES[chain]}</span>
+                <span className="font-medium">{getChainName(chain)}</span>
                 {sourceChain === chain && <span className="text-primary ml-auto">✓</span>}
               </button>
             ))}
@@ -352,7 +360,10 @@ export function MintForm({ onSuccess, className }: MintFormProps) {
                   <div className="flex-1 text-left">
                     <div className="font-medium">{token.asset}</div>
                     <div className="text-muted-foreground text-xs">
-                      → {CHAIN_NAMES[token.targetChain]} ({token.targetAsset})
+                      {t('targetChainLabel', {
+                        chain: getChainName(token.targetChain),
+                        asset: token.targetAsset,
+                      })}
                     </div>
                   </div>
                   <div className="text-muted-foreground text-right text-sm">
diff --git a/src/pages/staking/components/staking-record-list.tsx b/src/pages/staking/components/staking-record-list.tsx
index 08c184cfe..dea7e42c8 100644
--- a/src/pages/staking/components/staking-record-list.tsx
+++ b/src/pages/staking/components/staking-record-list.tsx
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import { stakingService } from '@/services/staking';
 import type { Amount } from '@/types/amount';
 import type { StakingTransaction, StakingTxType, StakingTxStatus } from '@/types/staking';
 import { cn } from '@/lib/utils';
+import { useChainNameMap } from '@/stores';
 
 interface StakingRecordListProps {
   /** Filter by transaction type */
@@ -27,15 +28,11 @@ interface StakingRecordListProps {
   className?: string;
 }
 
-/** Chain display names */
-const CHAIN_NAMES: Record<string, string> = {
+/** External chain display names */
+const EXTERNAL_CHAIN_NAMES: Record<string, string> = {
   ETH: 'Ethereum',
   BSC: 'BNB Chain',
   TRON: 'Tron',
-  BFMeta: 'BFMeta',
-  BFChain: 'BFChain',
-  CCChain: 'CCChain',
-  PMChain: 'PMChain',
 };
 
 /** Status icon component */
@@ -76,9 +73,19 @@ function formatAmount(amount: Amount): string {
   return num.toFixed(4);
 }
 
+function resolveChainName(chain: string, chainNameMap: Record<string, string>): string {
+  const externalName = EXTERNAL_CHAIN_NAMES[chain];
+  if (externalName) return externalName;
+  const lowerKey = chain.toLowerCase();
+  return chainNameMap[lowerKey] ?? chainNameMap[chain] ?? chain;
+}
+
 /** Single record item */
 function RecordItem({ record, onClick }: { record: StakingTransaction; onClick?: () => void }) {
   const { t } = useTranslation('staking');
+  const chainNameMap = useChainNameMap();
+  const sourceChainName = resolveChainName(record.sourceChain, chainNameMap);
+  const targetChainName = resolveChainName(record.targetChain, chainNameMap);
 
   const isMint = record.type === 'mint';
   const TypeIcon = isMint ? ArrowDownRight : ArrowUpRight;
@@ -106,9 +113,9 @@ function RecordItem({ record, onClick }: { record: StakingTransaction; onClick?:
           <StatusIcon status={record.status} />
         </div>
         <div className="text-muted-foreground flex items-center gap-1 text-xs">
-          <span>{CHAIN_NAMES[record.sourceChain]}</span>
+          <span>{sourceChainName}</span>
           <span>→</span>
-          <span>{CHAIN_NAMES[record.targetChain]}</span>
+          <span>{targetChainName}</span>
         </div>
       </div>
 
diff --git a/src/services/chain-adapter/debug.ts b/src/services/chain-adapter/debug.ts
index 67e6b30a3..14178f232 100644
--- a/src/services/chain-adapter/debug.ts
+++ b/src/services/chain-adapter/debug.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 type DebugSetting = boolean | string | undefined
+type DebugLogger = (message: string, detail?: unknown) => void
 
 function readLocalStorageSetting(): DebugSetting {
   if (typeof globalThis === "undefined") return undefined
@@ -26,6 +27,14 @@ function readGlobalSetting(): DebugSetting {
   return undefined
 }
 
+function readGlobalLogger(): DebugLogger | undefined {
+  if (typeof globalThis === "undefined") return undefined
+  const store = globalThis as typeof globalThis & { __CHAIN_EFFECT_LOG__?: unknown }
+  const value = store.__CHAIN_EFFECT_LOG__
+  if (typeof value === "function") return value as DebugLogger
+  return undefined
+}
+
 function parseRegex(pattern: string): RegExp | null {
   if (!pattern.startsWith("/")) return null
   const lastSlash = pattern.lastIndexOf("/")
@@ -47,3 +56,10 @@ export function isChainDebugEnabled(message: string): boolean {
   if (regex) return regex.test(message)
   return message.includes(setting)
 }
+
+export function logChainDebug(message: string, detail?: unknown): void {
+  if (!isChainDebugEnabled(message)) return
+  const logger = readGlobalLogger()
+  if (!logger) return
+  logger(message, detail)
+}
diff --git a/src/services/mock-devtools/components/BreakpointPanel.tsx b/src/services/mock-devtools/components/BreakpointPanel.tsx
index e84212f2e..69db4a9d2 100644
--- a/src/services/mock-devtools/components/BreakpointPanel.tsx
+++ b/src/services/mock-devtools/components/BreakpointPanel.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
  * 断点面板 - Chrome DevTools 风格的断点调试界面
  */
 
-import { useState, useEffect, useCallback } from 'react'
+import { useState, useEffect, useCallback, useMemo } from 'react'
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next'
 import {
   IconPlayerPause as Pause,
   IconPlayerPlay as Play,
@@ -50,6 +51,7 @@ function PausedRequestCard({
   request: PausedRequest
   onOpenConsole?: ((command: string) => void) | undefined
 }) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('devtools')
   // 从 id 中提取数字，如 "req-5" -> "5"
   const idNum = request.id.match(/\d+/)?.[0] || request.id
   const varName = `$p${idNum}`
@@ -67,12 +69,12 @@ function PausedRequestCard({
       </div>
 
       <div className="mt-1.5 flex items-center gap-1 text-[10px] text-gray-500">
-        <span>Console:</span>
+        <span>{t('breakpoints.consoleLabel')}</span>
         <code className="text-blue-500">{varName}</code>
         <button
           onClick={() => onOpenConsole?.(varName)}
           className="rounded bg-blue-100 px-1.5 py-0.5 text-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-900/50 dark:hover:bg-blue-900"
-          title="在 Console 中查看"
+          title={t('breakpoints.consoleView')}
         >
           →
         </button>
@@ -84,14 +86,14 @@ function PausedRequestCard({
           className="flex flex-1 items-center justify-center gap-1 rounded bg-green-500 py-1 text-xs text-white hover:bg-green-600"
         >
           <Play className="size-3" />
-          继续
+          {t('breakpoints.resume')}
         </button>
         <button
           onClick={() => abortPausedRequest(request.id, new Error('Aborted by user'))}
           className="flex flex-1 items-center justify-center gap-1 rounded bg-red-500 py-1 text-xs text-white hover:bg-red-600"
         >
           <X className="size-3" />
-          中止
+          {t('breakpoints.abort')}
         </button>
       </div>
     </div>
@@ -108,6 +110,7 @@ function BreakpointCard({
   onUpdate: (bp: BreakpointConfig) => void
   onRemove: () => void
 }) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('devtools')
   const [expanded, setExpanded] = useState(false)
 
   const updateInput = (updates: Partial<NonNullable<BreakpointConfig['input']>>) => {
@@ -156,11 +159,11 @@ function BreakpointCard({
             type="number"
             value={bp.delayMs || ''}
             onChange={(e) => onUpdate({ ...bp, delayMs: Number(e.target.value) || undefined })}
-            placeholder="ms"
+            placeholder={t('breakpoints.ms')}
             className="w-12 rounded border bg-transparent px-1 py-0.5 text-[10px] dark:border-gray-600"
             disabled={!bp.delayMs}
           />
-          ms
+          {t('breakpoints.ms')}
         </label>
         <button
           onClick={onRemove}
@@ -177,8 +180,8 @@ function BreakpointCard({
           <div className="rounded bg-blue-50 p-2 dark:bg-blue-900/20">
             <div className="mb-1.5 flex items-center gap-2 text-[10px] font-medium text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-400">
               <span className="size-2 rounded-full bg-blue-500" />
-              input
-              <span className="text-gray-400">($input 可用)</span>
+              {t('breakpoints.input')}
+              <span className="text-gray-400">{t('breakpoints.inputHint')}</span>
             </div>
             <div className="space-y-1.5">
               {/* 暂停 */}
@@ -189,12 +192,12 @@ function BreakpointCard({
                   onChange={(e) => updateInput({ pause: e.target.checked })}
                   className="size-3"
                 />
-                <span>暂停</span>
+                <span>{t('breakpoints.pause')}</span>
                 <input
                   type="text"
                   value={bp.input?.pauseCondition || ''}
                   onChange={(e) => updateInput({ pauseCondition: e.target.value || undefined })}
-                  placeholder="条件表达式 (可选)"
+                  placeholder={t('breakpoints.pauseConditionPlaceholder')}
                   className="flex-1 rounded border bg-transparent px-1.5 py-0.5 text-[10px] font-mono dark:border-gray-600"
                   disabled={!bp.input?.pause}
                 />
@@ -207,11 +210,11 @@ function BreakpointCard({
                   onChange={(e) => updateInput({ inject: e.target.checked ? '' : undefined })}
                   className="mt-1 size-3"
                 />
-                <span className="mt-0.5">注入</span>
+                <span className="mt-0.5">{t('breakpoints.inject')}</span>
                 <textarea
                   value={bp.input?.inject || ''}
                   onChange={(e) => updateInput({ inject: e.target.value || undefined })}
-                  placeholder="$input.text = 'modified'"
+                  placeholder={t('breakpoints.injectInputPlaceholder')}
                   className="flex-1 resize-none rounded border bg-transparent px-1.5 py-1 font-mono text-[10px] dark:border-gray-600"
                   rows={2}
                   disabled={bp.input?.inject === undefined}
@@ -224,8 +227,8 @@ function BreakpointCard({
           <div className="rounded bg-green-50 p-2 dark:bg-green-900/20">
             <div className="mb-1.5 flex items-center gap-2 text-[10px] font-medium text-green-600 dark:text-green-400">
               <span className="size-2 rounded-full bg-green-500" />
-              output
-              <span className="text-gray-400">($input, $output 可用)</span>
+              {t('breakpoints.output')}
+              <span className="text-gray-400">{t('breakpoints.outputHint')}</span>
             </div>
             <div className="space-y-1.5">
               {/* 暂停 */}
@@ -236,12 +239,12 @@ function BreakpointCard({
                   onChange={(e) => updateOutput({ pause: e.target.checked })}
                   className="size-3"
                 />
-                <span>暂停</span>
+                <span>{t('breakpoints.pause')}</span>
                 <input
                   type="text"
                   value={bp.output?.pauseCondition || ''}
                   onChange={(e) => updateOutput({ pauseCondition: e.target.value || undefined })}
-                  placeholder="条件表达式 (可选)"
+                  placeholder={t('breakpoints.pauseConditionPlaceholder')}
                   className="flex-1 rounded border bg-transparent px-1.5 py-0.5 text-[10px] font-mono dark:border-gray-600"
                   disabled={!bp.output?.pause}
                 />
@@ -254,11 +257,11 @@ function BreakpointCard({
                   onChange={(e) => updateOutput({ inject: e.target.checked ? '' : undefined })}
                   className="mt-1 size-3"
                 />
-                <span className="mt-0.5">注入</span>
+                <span className="mt-0.5">{t('breakpoints.inject')}</span>
                 <textarea
                   value={bp.output?.inject || ''}
                   onChange={(e) => updateOutput({ inject: e.target.value || undefined })}
-                  placeholder="return { success: true }&#10;// 或 throw new Error('test')"
+                  placeholder={t('breakpoints.injectOutputPlaceholder')}
                   className="flex-1 resize-none rounded border bg-transparent px-1.5 py-1 font-mono text-[10px] dark:border-gray-600"
                   rows={2}
                   disabled={bp.output?.inject === undefined}
@@ -274,27 +277,27 @@ function BreakpointCard({
         <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-1 border-t px-2 py-1 dark:border-gray-700">
           {bp.delayMs && (
             <span className="rounded bg-gray-100 px-1.5 py-0.5 text-[10px] dark:bg-gray-800">
-              delay: {bp.delayMs}ms
+              {t('breakpoints.summary.delay', { ms: bp.delayMs })}
             </span>
           )}
           {bp.input?.pause && (
             <span className="rounded bg-blue-100 px-1.5 py-0.5 text-[10px] dark:bg-blue-900">
-              input:pause
+              {t('breakpoints.summary.inputPause')}
             </span>
           )}
           {bp.input?.inject && (
             <span className="rounded bg-blue-100 px-1.5 py-0.5 text-[10px] dark:bg-blue-900">
-              input:inject
+              {t('breakpoints.summary.inputInject')}
             </span>
           )}
           {bp.output?.pause && (
             <span className="rounded bg-green-100 px-1.5 py-0.5 text-[10px] dark:bg-green-900">
-              output:pause
+              {t('breakpoints.summary.outputPause')}
             </span>
           )}
           {bp.output?.inject && (
             <span className="rounded bg-green-100 px-1.5 py-0.5 text-[10px] dark:bg-green-900">
-              output:inject
+              {t('breakpoints.summary.outputInject')}
             </span>
           )}
         </div>
@@ -311,22 +314,26 @@ function AddBreakpointDialog({
   onAdd: (service: string, method: string) => void
   onClose: () => void
 }) {
-  const services = getAvailableServices()
+  const { t } = useTranslation('devtools')
+  const services = useMemo(() => getAvailableServices(), [])
   const [selectedService, setSelectedService] = useState(services[0]?.service || '')
   const [selectedMethod, setSelectedMethod] = useState(services[0]?.methods[0] || '')
 
-  const currentMethods = services.find((s) => s.service === selectedService)?.methods || []
+  const currentMethods = useMemo(
+    () => services.find((s) => s.service === selectedService)?.methods || [],
+    [services, selectedService],
+  )
 
   useEffect(() => {
     if (currentMethods.length > 0 && !currentMethods.includes(selectedMethod)) {
-      setSelectedMethod(currentMethods[0]!)
+      setSelectedMethod(currentMethods[0] ?? '')
     }
-  }, [selectedService, currentMethods, selectedMethod])
+  }, [currentMethods, selectedMethod])
 
   return (
     <div className="rounded-lg border bg-white p-3 shadow-lg dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-gray-800">
       <div className="mb-3 flex items-center justify-between">
-        <span className="text-sm font-medium">添加断点</span>
+        <span className="text-sm font-medium">{t('breakpoints.addDialogTitle')}</span>
         <button onClick={onClose} className="text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600">
           <X className="size-4" />
         </button>
@@ -361,7 +368,7 @@ function AddBreakpointDialog({
           }}
           className="w-full rounded bg-orange-500 py-1.5 text-sm text-white hover:bg-orange-600"
         >
-          添加
+          {t('breakpoints.add')}
         </button>
       </div>
     </div>
@@ -374,6 +381,7 @@ export function BreakpointPanel({
 }: { 
   onOpenConsole?: ((command: string) => void) | undefined
 } = {}) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('devtools')
   const [breakpoints, setBreakpoints] = useState<BreakpointConfig[]>(() => getBreakpoints())
   const [pausedReqs, setPausedReqs] = useState<PausedRequest[]>(() => getPausedRequests())
   const [showAddDialog, setShowAddDialog] = useState(false)
@@ -401,13 +409,13 @@ export function BreakpointPanel({
     <div className="flex h-full flex-col">
       {/* Header */}
       <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-b p-2 dark:border-gray-700">
-        <span className="text-xs font-medium text-gray-500">断点</span>
+        <span className="text-xs font-medium text-gray-500">{t('breakpoints.title')}</span>
         <button
           onClick={() => setShowAddDialog(true)}
           className="flex items-center gap-1 rounded bg-orange-500 px-2 py-0.5 text-xs text-white hover:bg-orange-600"
         >
           <Plus className="size-3" />
-          添加
+          {t('breakpoints.add')}
         </button>
       </div>
 
@@ -424,7 +432,7 @@ export function BreakpointPanel({
           <div className="mb-3">
             <div className="mb-1.5 flex items-center gap-1 text-xs font-medium text-orange-500">
               <Pause className="size-3" />
-              暂停中 ({pausedReqs.length})
+              {t('breakpoints.pausedCount', { count: pausedReqs.length })}
             </div>
             <div className="space-y-2">
               {pausedReqs.map((req) => (
@@ -438,8 +446,8 @@ export function BreakpointPanel({
         {breakpoints.length === 0 && !showAddDialog ? (
           <div className="flex flex-col items-center justify-center py-8 text-gray-400">
             <Pause className="size-8" />
-            <p className="mt-2 text-xs">暂无断点</p>
-            <p className="mt-1 text-[10px]">点击"添加"创建断点</p>
+            <p className="mt-2 text-xs">{t('breakpoints.emptyTitle')}</p>
+            <p className="mt-1 text-[10px]">{t('breakpoints.emptyHint')}</p>
           </div>
         ) : (
           <div className="space-y-2">
diff --git a/src/services/mock-devtools/components/ConsolePanel.tsx b/src/services/mock-devtools/components/ConsolePanel.tsx
index 62c291932..80a916236 100644
--- a/src/services/mock-devtools/components/ConsolePanel.tsx
+++ b/src/services/mock-devtools/components/ConsolePanel.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@
  * 支持执行表达式，自动注入暂停请求变量
  */
 
-import { useState, useEffect, useRef, useCallback } from 'react'
+import { useState, useEffect, useRef, useCallback, useMemo } from 'react'
+import { useTranslation, Trans } from 'react-i18next'
 import { ObjectInspector } from 'react-inspector'
 import {
   IconTerminal2 as Terminal,
@@ -51,6 +52,7 @@ export function ConsolePanel({
 }: { 
   initialCommand?: string | undefined
 } = {}) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('devtools')
   const [entries, setEntries] = useState<ConsoleEntry[]>([])
   const [input, setInput] = useState('')
   const [history, setHistory] = useState<string[]>([])
@@ -106,30 +108,30 @@ export function ConsolePanel({
   }, [pausedRequests])
 
   // 帮助信息
-  const helpInfo = {
-    '命令': {
-      '/help': '显示帮助信息',
-      '/clear': '清空 Console',
-      '/vars': '显示可用变量',
-      '/copy <expr>': '复制表达式结果到剪贴板',
+  const helpInfo = useMemo(() => ({
+    [t('console.help.sections.commands')]: {
+      '/help': t('console.help.commands.help'),
+      '/clear': t('console.help.commands.clear'),
+      '/vars': t('console.help.commands.vars'),
+      '/copy <expr>': t('console.help.commands.copy'),
     },
-    '变量': {
-      '$paused': '暂停请求数组',
-      '$0, $1...': '按索引访问暂停请求',
-      '$_': '最新的暂停请求',
-      '$p{id}': '按 ID 访问，如 $p1, $p2',
+    [t('console.help.sections.variables')]: {
+      '$paused': t('console.help.variables.paused'),
+      '$0, $1...': t('console.help.variables.indexed'),
+      '$_': t('console.help.variables.latest'),
+      '$p{id}': t('console.help.variables.byId'),
     },
-    '方法': {
-      '.resume(modified?)': '继续执行，可传入修改后的值',
-      '.abort(error?)': '中止请求',
+    [t('console.help.sections.methods')]: {
+      '.resume(modified?)': t('console.help.methods.resume'),
+      '.abort(error?)': t('console.help.methods.abort'),
     },
-    '示例': {
-      '$_': '查看最新暂停请求',
-      '$p1.$input': '查看请求的输入',
-      '/copy $p1.$input': '复制输入到剪贴板',
-      '$p1.resume()': '继续执行',
+    [t('console.help.sections.examples')]: {
+      '$_': t('console.help.examples.latest'),
+      '$p1.$input': t('console.help.examples.input'),
+      '/copy $p1.$input': t('console.help.examples.copy'),
+      '$p1.resume()': t('console.help.examples.resume'),
     },
-  }
+  }), [t])
 
   // 执行代码
   const executeCode = useCallback((code: string, addToHistory = true) => {
@@ -162,7 +164,10 @@ export function ConsolePanel({
         setEntries(prev => [...prev, {
           id: ++entryIdRef.current,
           type: 'info',
-          content: { '可用变量': Object.keys(context), '暂停数量': pausedRequests.length },
+          content: {
+            [t('console.vars.available')]: Object.keys(context),
+            [t('console.vars.pausedCount')]: pausedRequests.length,
+          },
           timestamp: new Date(),
         }])
         setInput('')
@@ -176,7 +181,7 @@ export function ConsolePanel({
           setEntries(prev => [...prev, {
             id: ++entryIdRef.current,
             type: 'error',
-            content: '用法: /copy <expr>，例如: /copy $p1.$input',
+            content: t('console.copy.usage'),
             timestamp: new Date(),
           }])
           setInput('')
@@ -201,14 +206,14 @@ export function ConsolePanel({
             setEntries(prev => [...prev, {
               id: ++entryIdRef.current,
               type: 'info',
-              content: `已复制到剪贴板 (${text.length} 字符)`,
+              content: t('console.copy.success', { count: text.length }),
               timestamp: new Date(),
             }])
           }).catch((err) => {
             setEntries(prev => [...prev, {
               id: ++entryIdRef.current,
               type: 'error',
-              content: `复制失败: ${err.message}`,
+              content: t('console.copy.failure', { message: err.message }),
               timestamp: new Date(),
             }])
           })
@@ -216,7 +221,9 @@ export function ConsolePanel({
           setEntries(prev => [...prev, {
             id: ++entryIdRef.current,
             type: 'error',
-            content: `表达式错误: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`,
+            content: t('console.copy.expressionError', {
+              message: error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error),
+            }),
             timestamp: new Date(),
           }])
         }
@@ -228,7 +235,7 @@ export function ConsolePanel({
       setEntries(prev => [...prev, {
         id: ++entryIdRef.current,
         type: 'error',
-        content: `未知命令: ${trimmedCode}。输入 /help 查看帮助。`,
+        content: t('console.unknownCommand', { command: trimmedCode }),
         timestamp: new Date(),
       }])
       setInput('')
@@ -277,7 +284,7 @@ export function ConsolePanel({
     }
 
     setInput('')
-  }, [buildContext, pausedRequests.length])
+  }, [buildContext, pausedRequests.length, helpInfo, t])
 
   // 处理外部传入的命令
   useEffect(() => {
@@ -326,16 +333,16 @@ export function ConsolePanel({
       {/* 工具栏 */}
       <div className="flex items-center gap-2 border-b p-2 dark:border-gray-700">
         <Terminal className="size-4 text-gray-400" />
-        <span className="flex-1 text-xs font-medium text-gray-500">Console</span>
+        <span className="flex-1 text-xs font-medium text-gray-500">{t('console.title')}</span>
         {pausedRequests.length > 0 && (
           <span className="rounded bg-orange-100 px-1.5 py-0.5 text-[10px] text-orange-600 dark:bg-orange-900/30">
-            {pausedRequests.length} paused
+            {t('console.pausedCount', { count: pausedRequests.length })}
           </span>
         )}
         <button
           onClick={clearConsole}
           className="rounded p-1 text-gray-400 hover:bg-gray-100 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:bg-gray-800"
-          title="清空 Console (/clear)"
+          title={t('console.clearTitle')}
         >
           <Trash className="size-3.5" />
         </button>
@@ -345,9 +352,19 @@ export function ConsolePanel({
       <div ref={outputRef} className="flex-1 overflow-auto p-2 font-mono text-xs">
         {entries.length === 0 ? (
           <div className="text-gray-400">
-            <p>Console 面板 - 输入 <code className="text-blue-500">/help</code> 查看帮助</p>
+            <p>
+              {t('console.empty.titlePrefix')}{' '}
+              <code className="text-blue-500">/help</code>{' '}
+              {t('console.empty.titleSuffix')}
+            </p>
             <p className="mt-1 text-[10px]">
-              变量: <code className="text-blue-500">$paused</code>, <code className="text-blue-500">$0</code>, <code className="text-blue-500">$_</code>, <code className="text-blue-500">$p{'{id}'}</code>
+              <Trans
+                i18nKey="console.empty.vars"
+                ns="devtools"
+                components={{
+                  code: <code className="text-blue-500" />
+                }}
+              />
             </p>
           </div>
         ) : (
@@ -388,7 +405,7 @@ export function ConsolePanel({
           value={input}
           onChange={(e) => setInput(e.target.value)}
           onKeyDown={handleKeyDown}
-          placeholder="输入表达式... (↑↓ 历史)"
+          placeholder={t('console.inputPlaceholder')}
           className="flex-1 bg-transparent font-mono text-sm outline-none placeholder:text-gray-400"
           list="console-history"
           autoComplete="on"
@@ -405,15 +422,15 @@ export function ConsolePanel({
           <option value="$_" />
           <option value="$paused" />
           {/* 历史记录（倒序，最新的在前） */}
-          {[...history].toReversed().map((cmd, i) => (
-            <option key={i} value={cmd} />
+          {[...history].toReversed().map((cmd) => (
+            <option key={cmd} value={cmd} />
           ))}
         </datalist>
         <button
           onClick={() => executeCode(input)}
           disabled={!input.trim()}
           className="rounded bg-blue-500 p-1 text-white disabled:opacity-50 hover:bg-blue-600"
-          title="执行 (Enter)"
+          title={t('console.runTitle')}
         >
           <Play className="size-3.5" />
         </button>
diff --git a/src/services/mock-devtools/components/MockDevTools.tsx b/src/services/mock-devtools/components/MockDevTools.tsx
index e406a9404..7dbed7f16 100644
--- a/src/services/mock-devtools/components/MockDevTools.tsx
+++ b/src/services/mock-devtools/components/MockDevTools.tsx
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
  */
 
 import { useState, useEffect, useCallback, useMemo, useRef } from 'react'
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next'
 import {
   IconBug as Bug,
   IconX as X,
@@ -108,6 +109,13 @@ function StatusIcon({ status }: { status: RequestLogEntry['status'] }) {
   }
 }
 
+function formatDuration(ms: number): string {
+  if (ms >= 1000) {
+    return `${(ms / 1000).toFixed(1)}s`
+  }
+  return `${ms}ms`
+}
+
 /** 显示耗时的组件 - 支持 pending 状态实时更新 */
 function DurationDisplay({ log }: { log: RequestLogEntry }) {
   const [elapsed, setElapsed] = useState(() =>
@@ -126,13 +134,6 @@ function DurationDisplay({ log }: { log: RequestLogEntry }) {
     return () => clearInterval(timer)
   }, [log.status, log.duration, log.timestamp])
 
-  const formatDuration = (ms: number) => {
-    if (ms >= 1000) {
-      return `${(ms / 1000).toFixed(1)}s`
-    }
-    return `${ms}ms`
-  }
-
   return (
     <span className={cn('font-mono text-gray-400', log.status === 'pending' && 'text-blue-500')}>
       {formatDuration(elapsed)}
@@ -148,6 +149,7 @@ function LogsPanel({
   filter: string
   onFilterChange: (f: string) => void
 }) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('devtools')
   const [logs, setLogs] = useState<RequestLogEntry[]>(() => getLogs())
   const [expandedId, setExpandedId] = useState<string | null>(null)
 
@@ -182,13 +184,13 @@ function LogsPanel({
           type="text"
           value={filter}
           onChange={(e) => onFilterChange(e.target.value)}
-          placeholder="过滤 service.method..."
+          placeholder={t('logs.filterPlaceholder')}
           className="flex-1 bg-transparent text-sm outline-none placeholder:text-gray-400"
         />
         <button
           onClick={() => clearLogs()}
           className="rounded p-1 text-gray-400 hover:bg-gray-100 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:bg-gray-800"
-          title="清除日志"
+          title={t('logs.clear')}
         >
           <Trash className="size-4" />
         </button>
@@ -199,7 +201,7 @@ function LogsPanel({
         {filteredLogs.length === 0 ? (
           <div className="flex flex-col items-center justify-center py-8 text-gray-400">
             <Clock className="size-8" />
-            <p className="mt-2 text-sm">暂无请求日志</p>
+            <p className="mt-2 text-sm">{t('logs.empty')}</p>
           </div>
         ) : (
           <div className="divide-y dark:divide-gray-700">
@@ -230,14 +232,14 @@ function LogsPanel({
                 {expandedId === log.id && (
                   <div className="space-y-2 bg-gray-50 px-3 py-2 dark:bg-gray-800/50">
                     <div>
-                      <span className="text-gray-500">Input:</span>
+                      <span className="text-gray-500">{t('logs.input')}</span>
                       <pre className="mt-1 overflow-auto rounded bg-gray-100 p-2 text-[10px] dark:bg-gray-900">
                         {JSON.stringify(log.input, null, 2)}
                       </pre>
                     </div>
                     {log.output !== undefined && (
                       <div>
-                        <span className="text-gray-500">Output:</span>
+                        <span className="text-gray-500">{t('logs.output')}</span>
                         <pre className="mt-1 overflow-auto rounded bg-gray-100 p-2 text-[10px] dark:bg-gray-900">
                           {JSON.stringify(log.output, null, 2)}
                         </pre>
@@ -245,13 +247,13 @@ function LogsPanel({
                     )}
                     {log.error && (
                       <div className="text-red-500">
-                        <span>Error:</span> {log.error}
+                        <span>{t('logs.error')}</span> {log.error}
                       </div>
                     )}
                     {log.intercepted && (
                       <div className="flex items-center gap-1 text-orange-500">
                         <AlertTriangle className="size-3" />
-                        已被拦截修改
+                        {t('logs.intercepted')}
                       </div>
                     )}
                   </div>
@@ -269,6 +271,7 @@ function LogsPanel({
 
 /** 设置面板 */
 function SettingsPanel() {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('devtools')
   const [globalDelay, setDelay] = useState(() => getGlobalDelay())
   const [hasError, setHasError] = useState(() => getGlobalError() !== null)
   const [errorMessage, setErrorMessage] = useState(() => getGlobalError()?.message || '')
@@ -294,18 +297,18 @@ function SettingsPanel() {
     if (currentError) {
       setGlobalError(null)
     } else {
-      setGlobalError(new Error(errorMessage || 'Mock Error'))
+      setGlobalError(new Error(errorMessage || t('settings.defaultError')))
     }
-  }, [errorMessage])
+  }, [errorMessage, t])
 
   // 错误信息变化时，如果已启用错误则同步更新
   const handleErrorMessageChange = useCallback((message: string) => {
     setErrorMessage(message)
     // 如果错误已启用，同步更新错误对象
     if (getGlobalError()) {
-      setGlobalError(new Error(message || 'Mock Error'))
+      setGlobalError(new Error(message || t('settings.defaultError')))
     }
-  }, [])
+  }, [t])
 
   const handleResetAll = useCallback(() => {
     resetSettings()
@@ -320,7 +323,7 @@ function SettingsPanel() {
         {/* 全局延迟 */}
         <div className="rounded-lg bg-gray-50 p-3 dark:bg-gray-800">
           <label className="mb-2 flex items-center justify-between text-sm font-medium">
-            <span>全局延迟</span>
+            <span>{t('settings.globalDelay')}</span>
             <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
               <input
                 type="number"
@@ -331,7 +334,7 @@ function SettingsPanel() {
                 onChange={(e) => handleDelayChange(Number(e.target.value))}
                 className="w-20 rounded border bg-transparent px-2 py-0.5 text-right font-mono text-blue-500 dark:border-gray-600"
               />
-              <span className="text-gray-500">ms</span>
+              <span className="text-gray-500">{t('settings.ms')}</span>
             </div>
           </label>
           <input
@@ -344,17 +347,17 @@ function SettingsPanel() {
             className="w-full"
           />
           <div className="mt-1 flex justify-between text-[10px] text-gray-400">
-            <span>0</span>
-            <span>1s</span>
-            <span>2s</span>
-            <span>3s+</span>
+            <span>{t('settings.delayMarks.zero')}</span>
+            <span>{t('settings.delayMarks.one')}</span>
+            <span>{t('settings.delayMarks.two')}</span>
+            <span>{t('settings.delayMarks.three')}</span>
           </div>
         </div>
 
         {/* 模拟错误 */}
         <div className="rounded-lg bg-gray-50 p-3 dark:bg-gray-800">
           <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
-            <label className="text-sm font-medium">模拟错误</label>
+            <label className="text-sm font-medium">{t('settings.mockError')}</label>
             <button
               onClick={handleErrorToggle}
               className={cn(
@@ -374,13 +377,13 @@ function SettingsPanel() {
             type="text"
             value={errorMessage}
             onChange={(e) => handleErrorMessageChange(e.target.value)}
-            placeholder="错误信息 (可选)"
+            placeholder={t('settings.errorPlaceholder')}
             className="mt-2 w-full rounded border bg-transparent px-2 py-1 text-xs dark:border-gray-600"
           />
           {hasError && (
             <div className="mt-2 flex items-center gap-1 text-xs text-red-500">
               <AlertTriangle className="size-3" />
-              所有请求将返回错误
+              {t('settings.errorNotice')}
             </div>
           )}
         </div>
@@ -392,31 +395,31 @@ function SettingsPanel() {
             className="flex w-full items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-lg bg-blue-500 py-2 text-sm font-medium text-white hover:bg-blue-600"
           >
             <RefreshCw className="size-4" />
-            重置所有设置
+            {t('settings.resetAll')}
           </button>
           <button
             onClick={() => clearLogs()}
             className="flex w-full items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-lg bg-gray-500 py-2 text-sm font-medium text-white hover:bg-gray-600"
           >
             <Trash className="size-4" />
-            清除日志
+            {t('settings.clearLogs')}
           </button>
           <button
             onClick={() => clearBreakpoints()}
             className="flex w-full items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-lg bg-gray-500 py-2 text-sm font-medium text-white hover:bg-gray-600"
           >
             <Trash className="size-4" />
-            清除断点
+            {t('settings.clearBreakpoints')}
           </button>
         </div>
 
         {/* 说明 */}
         <div className="rounded-lg bg-blue-50 p-3 text-xs text-blue-700 dark:bg-blue-900/20 dark:text-blue-300">
-          <p className="font-medium">提示</p>
+          <p className="font-medium">{t('settings.tipTitle')}</p>
           <ul className="mt-1 list-inside list-disc space-y-0.5 text-[10px]">
-            <li>全局延迟会应用到所有 Mock 服务请求</li>
-            <li>模拟错误会让所有请求抛出指定错误</li>
-            <li>断点可以在"断点"面板中单独配置</li>
+            <li>{t('settings.tipDelay')}</li>
+            <li>{t('settings.tipError')}</li>
+            <li>{t('settings.tipBreakpoint')}</li>
           </ul>
         </div>
       </div>
@@ -493,6 +496,7 @@ function getInitialRelativePos(position: MockDevToolsProps['position']): { x: nu
 
 /** MockDevTools 主组件 */
 export function MockDevTools({ defaultOpen = false, position = 'bottom-right' }: MockDevToolsProps) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('devtools')
   const [isOpen, setIsOpen] = useState(defaultOpen)
   const [activeTab, setActiveTab] = useState<TabId>('logs')
   const [logFilter, setLogFilter] = useState('')
@@ -663,10 +667,10 @@ export function MockDevTools({ defaultOpen = false, position = 'bottom-right' }:
   }, [])
 
   const tabs: { id: TabId; icon: typeof List; label: string; badge: number | undefined }[] = [
-    { id: 'logs', icon: List, label: '日志', badge: logCount > 0 ? logCount : undefined },
-    { id: 'intercept', icon: Terminal, label: '断点', badge: pausedCount > 0 ? pausedCount : undefined },
-    { id: 'console', icon: Code, label: 'Console', badge: undefined },
-    { id: 'settings', icon: Settings, label: '设置', badge: undefined },
+    { id: 'logs', icon: List, label: t('tabs.logs'), badge: logCount > 0 ? logCount : undefined },
+    { id: 'intercept', icon: Terminal, label: t('tabs.breakpoints'), badge: pausedCount > 0 ? pausedCount : undefined },
+    { id: 'console', icon: Code, label: t('tabs.console'), badge: undefined },
+    { id: 'settings', icon: Settings, label: t('tabs.settings'), badge: undefined },
   ]
 
   if (!isOpen) {
@@ -681,7 +685,7 @@ export function MockDevTools({ defaultOpen = false, position = 'bottom-right' }:
           pausedCount > 0 && 'animate-pulse',
         )}
         style={{ left: buttonPos.x, top: buttonPos.y, touchAction: 'none' }}
-        title="打开 Mock DevTools (可拖动)"
+        title={t('button.open')}
       >
         <Bug className="size-6" />
         {pausedCount > 0 && (
@@ -712,7 +716,7 @@ export function MockDevTools({ defaultOpen = false, position = 'bottom-right' }:
       >
         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 pointer-events-none">
           <Bug className="size-5" />
-          <span className="font-semibold">Mock DevTools</span>
+          <span className="font-semibold">{t('title')}</span>
         </div>
         <button
           onClick={(e) => { e.stopPropagation(); setIsOpen(false) }}
@@ -758,8 +762,8 @@ export function MockDevTools({ defaultOpen = false, position = 'bottom-right' }:
 
       {/* Footer */}
       <div className="border-t px-3 py-1.5 text-center text-[10px] text-gray-400 dark:border-gray-700">
-        Mock Mode • {logCount} logs
-        {pausedCount > 0 && <span className="text-orange-500"> • {pausedCount} paused</span>}
+        {t('footer.mode')} • {t('footer.logs', { count: logCount })}
+        {pausedCount > 0 && <span className="text-orange-500"> • {t('footer.paused', { count: pausedCount })}</span>}
       </div>
     </div>
   )
diff --git a/src/stackflow/activities/MiniappDetailActivity.tsx b/src/stackflow/activities/MiniappDetailActivity.tsx
index 36436dad3..eae1dbe81 100644
--- a/src/stackflow/activities/MiniappDetailActivity.tsx
+++ b/src/stackflow/activities/MiniappDetailActivity.tsx
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ export const MiniappDetailActivity: ActivityComponentType<MiniappDetailActivityP
               )}
               {app.beta && (
                 <span className="rounded-full bg-amber-100 px-2 py-0.5 font-medium text-amber-700 dark:bg-amber-900/30 dark:text-amber-400">
-                  Beta
+                  {t('detail.beta')}
                 </span>
               )}
               <span>v{app.version}</span>
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ export const MiniappDetailActivity: ActivityComponentType<MiniappDetailActivityP
                 >
                   {app.screenshots.map((url, i) => (
                     <div
-                      key={i}
+                      key={url}
                       className="bg-muted aspect-[9/19.5] w-[220px] shrink-0 snap-center overflow-hidden rounded-2xl shadow-lg ring-1 ring-black/5"
                     >
                       <img
@@ -254,7 +254,10 @@ export const MiniappDetailActivity: ActivityComponentType<MiniappDetailActivityP
                         className="h-full w-full object-cover"
                         loading="lazy"
                         onError={(e) => {
-                          e.currentTarget.parentElement!.style.display = 'none';
+                          const container = e.currentTarget.parentElement;
+                          if (container) {
+                            container.style.display = 'none';
+                          }
                         }}
                       />
                     </div>
@@ -299,7 +302,7 @@ export const MiniappDetailActivity: ActivityComponentType<MiniappDetailActivityP
               <p className="text-muted-foreground mb-4 text-xs">{t('detail.privacyHint')}</p>
               <div className="bg-muted/50 rounded-2xl px-4">
                 {app.permissions.map((perm, i) => (
-                  <PrivacyItem key={perm} permission={perm} isLast={i === app.permissions!.length - 1} />
+                  <PrivacyItem key={perm} permission={perm} isLast={i === app.permissions.length - 1} />
                 ))}
               </div>
             </div>
@@ -312,7 +315,7 @@ export const MiniappDetailActivity: ActivityComponentType<MiniappDetailActivityP
               <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-2">
                 {app.tags.map((tag) => (
                   <span key={tag} className="bg-primary/10 text-primary rounded-full px-3 py-1.5 text-sm font-medium">
-                    #{tag}
+                    {t('detail.tagLabel', { tag })}
                   </span>
                 ))}
               </div>
diff --git a/src/stackflow/activities/SettingsSourcesActivity.tsx b/src/stackflow/activities/SettingsSourcesActivity.tsx
index 4b2838efc..7d7bdf584 100644
--- a/src/stackflow/activities/SettingsSourcesActivity.tsx
+++ b/src/stackflow/activities/SettingsSourcesActivity.tsx
@@ -42,25 +42,26 @@ export const SettingsSourcesActivity: ActivityComponentType = () => {
     }
 
     // 验证 URL
+    let normalizedUrl: string;
     try {
-      new URL(newUrl);
+      normalizedUrl = new URL(newUrl).toString();
     } catch {
       setError(t('sources.invalidUrl'));
       return;
     }
 
     // 检查是否已存在
-    if (state.sources.some((s) => s.url === newUrl)) {
+    if (state.sources.some((s) => s.url === normalizedUrl)) {
       setError(t('sources.alreadyExists'));
       return;
     }
 
-    ecosystemActions.addSource(newUrl, newName || t('sources.customSource'));
+    ecosystemActions.addSource(normalizedUrl, newName || t('sources.customSource'));
     setNewUrl('');
     setNewName('');
     setIsAdding(false);
     setError(null);
-    void refreshSource(newUrl);
+    void refreshSource(normalizedUrl);
   };
 
   const handleRemove = (url: string) => {
@@ -115,7 +116,9 @@ export const SettingsSourcesActivity: ActivityComponentType = () => {
             />
           ))}
 
-          {state.sources.length === 0 && <div className="text-muted-foreground py-12 text-center">暂无订阅源</div>}
+          {state.sources.length === 0 && (
+            <div className="text-muted-foreground py-12 text-center">{t('sources.noSources')}</div>
+          )}
         </div>
 
         {/* Add Source */}
diff --git a/src/stackflow/activities/sheets/ChainSelectorJob.tsx b/src/stackflow/activities/sheets/ChainSelectorJob.tsx
index 800229ab3..2b520ceb4 100644
--- a/src/stackflow/activities/sheets/ChainSelectorJob.tsx
+++ b/src/stackflow/activities/sheets/ChainSelectorJob.tsx
@@ -3,25 +3,10 @@ import { BottomSheet } from "@/components/layout/bottom-sheet";
 import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
 import { IconCheck } from "@tabler/icons-react";
 import { ChainIcon } from "@/components/wallet/chain-icon";
-import { useCurrentWallet, useSelectedChain, walletActions, type ChainType } from "@/stores";
+import { useChainNameMap, useCurrentWallet, useSelectedChain, walletActions, type ChainType } from "@/stores";
 import { useFlow } from "../../stackflow";
 import { useMemo } from "react";
 
-const CHAIN_NAMES: Record<ChainType, string> = {
-  ethereum: "Ethereum",
-  bitcoin: "Bitcoin",
-  tron: "Tron",
-  binance: "BSC",
-  bfmeta: "BFMeta",
-  ccchain: "CCChain",
-  pmchain: "PMChain",
-  bfchainv2: "BFChain V2",
-  btgmeta: "BTGMeta",
-  biwmeta: "BIWMeta",
-  ethmeta: "ETHMeta",
-  malibu: "Malibu",
-};
-
 function truncateAddress(address: string, startChars = 10, endChars = 8): string {
   if (address.length <= startChars + endChars + 3) return address;
   return `${address.slice(0, startChars)}...${address.slice(-endChars)}`;
@@ -32,6 +17,7 @@ export const ChainSelectorJob: ActivityComponentType = () => {
   const { pop } = useFlow();
   const currentWallet = useCurrentWallet();
   const selectedChain = useSelectedChain();
+  const chainNameMap = useChainNameMap();
 
   // 从钱包地址直接获取可用链（useAvailableChains 已移除）
   const availableChains = useMemo(() => {
@@ -73,7 +59,7 @@ export const ChainSelectorJob: ActivityComponentType = () => {
               >
                 <ChainIcon chain={chain} size="md" />
                 <div className="flex-1 text-left">
-                  <div className="font-medium">{CHAIN_NAMES[chain] ?? chain}</div>
+                  <div className="font-medium">{chainNameMap[chain] ?? chain}</div>
                   <div className="font-mono text-xs text-muted-foreground">
                     {chainAddr?.address ? truncateAddress(chainAddr.address) : "---"}
                   </div>
diff --git a/src/stackflow/activities/sheets/ContactEditJob.tsx b/src/stackflow/activities/sheets/ContactEditJob.tsx
index 3c08af37c..34e6d42f2 100644
--- a/src/stackflow/activities/sheets/ContactEditJob.tsx
+++ b/src/stackflow/activities/sheets/ContactEditJob.tsx
@@ -185,7 +185,9 @@ function ContactEditJobContent() {
             <div className="space-y-3">
               <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                 <span className="text-sm font-medium">{t("contact.addresses")}</span>
-                <span className="text-muted-foreground text-xs">{addresses.length}/{MAX_ADDRESSES}</span>
+                <span className="text-muted-foreground text-xs">
+                  {t("contact.addressCount", { count: addresses.length, max: MAX_ADDRESSES })}
+                </span>
               </div>
 
               {addresses.map((addr, index) => (
@@ -215,7 +217,7 @@ function ContactEditJobContent() {
                     )}
                     {index === 0 && (
                       <span className="bg-primary/10 text-primary rounded px-1.5 py-0.5 text-xs">
-                        Default
+                        {t("contact.defaultLabel")}
                       </span>
                     )}
                   </div>
diff --git a/src/stackflow/activities/sheets/ContactPickerJob.tsx b/src/stackflow/activities/sheets/ContactPickerJob.tsx
index dba9bafec..82357d1d8 100644
--- a/src/stackflow/activities/sheets/ContactPickerJob.tsx
+++ b/src/stackflow/activities/sheets/ContactPickerJob.tsx
@@ -146,11 +146,11 @@ function ContactPickerJobContent() {
                                 {label}
                               </span>
                             )}
-                            {address.isDefault && (
-                              <span className="bg-primary/10 text-primary rounded-md px-2 py-0.5 text-xs">
-                                Default
-                              </span>
-                            )}
+                                {address.isDefault && (
+                                  <span className="bg-primary/10 text-primary rounded-md px-2 py-0.5 text-xs">
+                                    {t("contact.defaultLabel")}
+                                  </span>
+                                )}
                           </div>
                         </button>
                       );
diff --git a/src/stores/address-book.ts b/src/stores/address-book.ts
index 875102d00..5a8834fe5 100644
--- a/src/stores/address-book.ts
+++ b/src/stores/address-book.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { Store } from '@tanstack/react-store'
 import { type ChainType } from './wallet'
-import { detectAddressFormat } from '@/lib/address-format'
+import { isValidAddressForChain } from '@/lib/address-format'
 
 /** 联系人地址（最多 3 个） */
 export interface ContactAddress {
@@ -399,17 +399,17 @@ export const addressBookSelectors = {
       .slice(0, limit)
   },
 
-  /** 按链类型过滤联系人（使用地址格式检测） */
+  /** 按链类型过滤联系人（基于链配置的 chainKind 判断） */
   getContactsByChain: (state: AddressBookState, chain: ChainType): Contact[] => {
     return state.contacts.filter((c) =>
-      c.addresses.some((a) => detectAddressFormat(a.address).chainType === chain)
+      c.addresses.some((a) => isValidAddressForChain(a.address, chain))
     )
   },
 
   /** 获取联系人的默认地址 */
   getDefaultAddress: (contact: Contact, chainType?: ChainType): ContactAddress | undefined => {
     const relevantAddresses = chainType
-      ? contact.addresses.filter((a) => detectAddressFormat(a.address).chainType === chainType)
+      ? contact.addresses.filter((a) => isValidAddressForChain(a.address, chainType))
       : contact.addresses
 
     return relevantAddresses.find((a) => a.isDefault) ?? relevantAddresses[0]
diff --git a/src/stores/chain-config.ts b/src/stores/chain-config.ts
index a123aa0d1..291e7ee40 100644
--- a/src/stores/chain-config.ts
+++ b/src/stores/chain-config.ts
@@ -179,3 +179,23 @@ export function useChainConfigError(): string | null {
 export function useChainConfigMigrationRequired(): boolean {
   return useStore(chainConfigStore, (state) => state.migrationRequired)
 }
+
+export function useChainNameMap(): Record<string, string> {
+  return useStore(chainConfigStore, (state) => {
+    const configs = chainConfigSelectors.getConfigs(state)
+    return Object.fromEntries(configs.map((config) => [config.id, config.name]))
+  })
+}
+
+export function useChainDisplayName(chainId?: string): string {
+  return useStore(chainConfigStore, (state) => {
+    if (!chainId) return ''
+    const config = chainConfigSelectors.getChainById(state, chainId)
+    return config?.name ?? chainId
+  })
+}
+
+export function getChainDisplayName(chainId: string): string {
+  const config = chainConfigSelectors.getChainById(chainConfigStore.state, chainId)
+  return config?.name ?? chainId
+}
diff --git a/src/stores/ecosystem.ts b/src/stores/ecosystem.ts
index 337276375..5f3298ef6 100644
--- a/src/stores/ecosystem.ts
+++ b/src/stores/ecosystem.ts
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 import { Store } from '@tanstack/react-store';
 import { type MyAppRecord } from '@/services/ecosystem/types';
 import { loadMyApps, normalizeAppId, saveMyApps } from '@/services/ecosystem/my-apps';
+import i18n from '@/i18n';
 
 /** 权限记录 */
 export interface PermissionRecord {
@@ -63,16 +64,18 @@ export interface EcosystemState {
 }
 
 const STORAGE_KEY = 'ecosystem_store';
+const getDefaultSourceName = () => i18n.t('ecosystem:sources.defaultName');
 
 function arraysEqual<T>(a: T[], b: T[]): boolean {
   return a.length === b.length && a.every((v, i) => v === b[i]);
 }
 
 function getDefaultSources(): SourceRecord[] {
+  const defaultName = getDefaultSourceName();
   return [
     {
       url: `${import.meta.env.BASE_URL}miniapps/ecosystem.json`,
-      name: 'Bio 官方生态', // i18n-ignore: config data
+      name: defaultName,
       lastUpdated: new Date().toISOString(),
       enabled: true,
       status: 'idle' as const,
@@ -115,7 +118,7 @@ function normalizeSources(input: unknown): SourceRecord[] {
 
       return {
         url: record.url,
-        name: typeof record.name === 'string' && record.name.length > 0 ? record.name : 'Bio 官方生态',
+        name: typeof record.name === 'string' && record.name.length > 0 ? record.name : getDefaultSourceName(),
         lastUpdated: typeof record.lastUpdated === 'string' && record.lastUpdated.length > 0 ? record.lastUpdated : now,
         enabled: typeof record.enabled === 'boolean' ? record.enabled : true,
         status: record.status ?? 'idle',
diff --git a/src/stores/index.ts b/src/stores/index.ts
index 1ff174f5a..f2f95006c 100644
--- a/src/stores/index.ts
+++ b/src/stores/index.ts
@@ -47,6 +47,9 @@ export {
   useChainConfigLoading,
   useChainConfigError,
   useChainConfigMigrationRequired,
+  useChainNameMap,
+  useChainDisplayName,
+  getChainDisplayName,
 } from './chain-config'
 export type { ChainConfigState } from './chain-config'