Add FizzBuzz logic building problem

Implement FizzBuzz function with input validation and examples.

Author: Tejasrahane

logic_building_problems/fizz_buzz.py

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+"""FizzBuzz Problem.
+
+This module contains a solution to the classic FizzBuzz problem.
+For numbers 1 to n, print 'Fizz' for multiples of 3, 'Buzz' for multiples of 5,
+and 'FizzBuzz' for multiples of both.
+"""
+
+
+def fizz_buzz(n: int) -> list[str]:
+    """
+    Return a list of FizzBuzz results for numbers from 1 to n.
+
+    For each number from 1 to n:
+    - Return 'FizzBuzz' if divisible by both 3 and 5
+    - Return 'Fizz' if divisible by 3
+    - Return 'Buzz' if divisible by 5
+    - Return the number as a string otherwise
+
+    Args:
+        n: Positive integer representing the range
+
+    Returns:
+        A list of strings containing FizzBuzz results
+
+    Raises:
+        ValueError: If n is not a positive integer
+
+    Examples:
+        >>> fizz_buzz(5)
+        ['1', '2', 'Fizz', '4', 'Buzz']
+        >>> fizz_buzz(15)
+        ['1', '2', 'Fizz', '4', 'Buzz', 'Fizz', '7', '8', 'Fizz', 'Buzz', '11', 'Fizz', '13', '14', 'FizzBuzz']
+        >>> fizz_buzz(0)
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+            ...
+        ValueError: n must be a positive integer
+        >>> fizz_buzz(-5)
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+            ...
+        ValueError: n must be a positive integer
+    """
+    if not isinstance(n, int) or n <= 0:
+        raise ValueError("n must be a positive integer")
+
+    result = []
+    for i in range(1, n + 1):
+        if i % 15 == 0:
+            result.append("FizzBuzz")
+        elif i % 3 == 0:
+            result.append("Fizz")
+        elif i % 5 == 0:
+            result.append("Buzz")
+        else:
+            result.append(str(i))
+    return result
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import doctest
+
+    doctest.testmod()