feat: add dell wyse

Author: Patrick M

_posts/2023-06-25-linux-on-dell-wyse-3040.md

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+---
+layout: post
+title: "Installing Debian on Dell Wyse 3040"
+date: 2023-06-25 12:00:00 -0500
+category: "Service Setup"
+tags: ['linux', 'debian']
+---
+
+Recently picked up a very low power Dell Wyse 3040 to use as a headless docker host. It is powered by a quad-core Intel Atom Z8350 so not a lot of horsepower. It runs like a x64 Raspberry Pi. Installing Debian had some complications so I wanted to document them here.
+
+## Resetting the BIOS
+
+While my device came pre-reset, this is an important step. To reset the BIOS you'll need to open the case. There is a button near the battery on the board labeled PWCLR. The trick is to hold down the PWCLR button while powering up the system. It'll show a text mode screen indicating the passwords have been disabled. You can then power off, release the button and then you'll have a clear BIOS. The BIOS will revert to a locked state, and you can unlock it with the default BIOS password `Fireport` or `Fireport2`. Once you get to the BIOS you can change the boot order and wipe the eMMC.
+
+## Wiping the eMMC
+
+This is pretty easy to do. In the BIOS, navigate to _Maintenance > Data Wipe_ and check the `Wipe on Next Boot` tick. This will prompt a few confirmations to click through, then on next boot it will wipe itself. Typically I would use [ShredOS](https://github.com/PartialVolume/shredos.x86_64) but I found it did not detect the eMMC drive.
+
+## Installing Debian
+
+Picking a disto is tricky here. My device only had a 16 GB eMMC drive, which is really 14.8 GB. Most distros require 16 actualy GB. Debian does not though and installing a minimal version works well for this low power device. Luckily Debian 12 (Bookworm) just came out so I used that. I also used Ventoy, but you however you choose get it on a USB stick and in the device.
+
+![Debian 12 Install (Non-GUI)](/assets/img/linux-on-dell-wyse-3040/debian-12-install.png)
+
+I leave the root password empty. This will assign the initial user account to the sudo group. If root is needed later, you can assign a password using `sudo passwd root`. I wanted to keep the install as minimal as possible, so I only select `SSH Server` and `standard system utilities`.
+
+![Minimal Install](../assets/img/linux-on-dell-wyse-3040/minimal-install.png)
+
+## Boot Issues
+
+Once Debian is installed, it may not boot up correctly. You may get an error saying `No bootable devices found`. Wyse devices require a `BOOTX64.EFI` file. To add this file, I loaded Debian Live and mounted the eMMC device. On my instance, the eMMC device has the label `mmcblk0p1`. Use the following to mount this device.
+
+> Wyse devices require a `/boot/efi/EFI/BOOT/BOOTX64.EFI` file to boot to the eMMC
+{: .prompt-warning }
+
+```bash
+sudo mkdir /mnt/debian
+sudo mount /dev/mmcblk0p1 /mnt/debian
+```
+
+Then you can add a blank `BOOTX64.EFI` file if it's missing.
+
+```bash
+mkdir /boot/efi/EFI/BOOT
+touch /boot/efi/EFI/BOOT/BOOTX64.EFI
+```
+
+Once this file exists, you can reboot and Debian should boot. If the boot option is missing, you can add it easily in the BIOS under _General > Boot Options_. Add a boot option with file name: `\EFI\debian\grubx64.efi`.
+
+## First Boot
+
+Once booted up, I get the IP and use SSH remotely. I typically check for systemd errors and systemd journal,
+
+```bash
+sudo systemctl --failed
+```
+
+```bash
+sudo journalctl -p 3 -xb
+```
+
+## Reboot Error
+
+I had an issue where my Wyse 3040 hung on shutodwn and reboot. It would shutdown to a black screen and then never finish. This is apparently related to a [Intel Atom Cherry Trail CPU issue](https://github.com/up-board/up-community/wiki/Ubuntu_20.04#hang-on-shutdown-or-reboot-for-up-board). An easy fix is to add a file to `modprobe.d`.
+
+```bash
+sudo nano /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
+```
+
+```conf
+blacklist dw_dmac_core
+install dw_dmac /bin/true
+install dw_dmac_core /bin/true
+```
+
+Once that file is in place, run the following.
+
+```bash
+sudo update-initramfs -u
+```
+
+The settings will take effect after the power has been restarted.
+
+## Resources
+
+- [Installing Debian On Dell Wyse 3040](https://wiki.debian.org/InstallingDebianOn/Dell/Wyse%203040)
+- [Hang on Shutdown or Reboot for UP Board](https://github.com/up-board/up-community/wiki/Ubuntu_20.04#hang-on-shutdown-or-reboot-for-up-board)
+- [Minimal Debian Bookworm](https://www.dwarmstrong.org/minimal-debian/)