|
| 1 | +# Healthcare Appointment Scheduling System |
| 2 | + |
| 3 | +A robust, secure backend service that efficiently manages patient data and enables seamless appointment scheduling with healthcare providers. |
| 4 | + |
| 5 | +## Features |
| 6 | + |
| 7 | +- **Patient Management**: Register and manage patient profiles, store basic patient information and contact details, track patient identification and insurance information. |
| 8 | +- **Doctor Management**: Maintain doctor profiles with specializations and manage doctor availability schedules. |
| 9 | +- **Appointment Scheduling**: Create appointments between patients and doctors, check doctor availability when scheduling, prevent scheduling conflicts and double-bookings, and manage appointment status changes. |
| 10 | +- **Medical Records**: Store medical records for patients, link records to specific appointments, and implement appropriate access controls for sensitive information. |
| 11 | + |
| 12 | +## Technical Stack |
| 13 | + |
| 14 | +- **Backend**: FastAPI (Python) |
| 15 | +- **Database**: PostgreSQL |
| 16 | +- **Documentation**: Swagger/OpenAPI |
| 17 | +- **Message Queue**: RabbitMQ |
| 18 | +- **Caching & Rate Limiting**: Redis |
| 19 | + |
| 20 | +## Architecture |
| 21 | + |
| 22 | +The system follows a microservices architecture with the following components: |
| 23 | + |
| 24 | +1. **API Gateway**: Main FastAPI application that handles HTTP requests |
| 25 | +2. **Authentication Service**: Handles user authentication and authorization |
| 26 | +3. **Patient Service**: Manages patient data |
| 27 | +4. **Doctor Service**: Manages doctor data and availability |
| 28 | +5. **Appointment Service**: Handles appointment scheduling and conflict prevention |
| 29 | +6. **Notification Service**: Sends notifications about appointments |
| 30 | + |
| 31 | +## Project Structure |
| 32 | + |
| 33 | +\`\`\` |
| 34 | +healthcare-appointment-system/ |
| 35 | +├── app/ # Main application package |
| 36 | +│ ├── api/ # API endpoints |
| 37 | +│ │ ├── deps.py # Dependency injection |
| 38 | +│ │ └── routes/ # API route handlers |
| 39 | +│ ├── core/ # Core functionality |
| 40 | +│ │ ├── config.py # Configuration settings |
| 41 | +│ │ ├── security.py # Security utilities |
| 42 | +│ │ ├── notifications.py # Notification handling |
| 43 | +│ │ ├── rate_limiter.py # Rate limiting middleware |
| 44 | +│ │ └── cache.py # Caching middleware |
| 45 | +│ ├── crud/ # Database CRUD operations |
| 46 | +│ ├── db/ # Database models and session |
| 47 | +│ │ ├── models.py # SQLAlchemy models |
| 48 | +│ │ └── session.py # Database session |
| 49 | +│ ├── schemas/ # Pydantic schemas |
| 50 | +│ ├── tests/ # Unit and integration tests |
| 51 | +│ └── main.py # Application entry point |
| 52 | +├── Dockerfile # Main service Dockerfile |
| 53 | +├── Dockerfile.notification # Notification service Dockerfile |
| 54 | +├── docker-compose.yml # Docker Compose configuration |
| 55 | +├── requirements.txt # Main service dependencies |
| 56 | +├── requirements.notification.txt # Notification service dependencies |
| 57 | +├── notification_service.py # Standalone notification service |
| 58 | +└── README.md # Project documentation |
| 59 | +\`\`\` |
| 60 | + |
| 61 | +## Getting Started |
| 62 | + |
| 63 | +### Prerequisites |
| 64 | + |
| 65 | +- Docker and Docker Compose |
| 66 | +- Python 3.11+ |
| 67 | + |
| 68 | +### Installation |
| 69 | + |
| 70 | +1. Clone the repository: |
| 71 | + \`\`\` |
| 72 | + git clone https://github.com/yourusername/healthcare-appointment-system.git |
| 73 | + cd healthcare-appointment-system |
| 74 | + \`\`\` |
| 75 | + |
| 76 | +2. Create a `.env` file with the following variables: |
| 77 | + \`\`\` |
| 78 | + SECRET_KEY=your-secret-key |
| 79 | + SMTP_SERVER=your-smtp-server |
| 80 | + SMTP_PORT=587 |
| 81 | + SMTP_USERNAME=your-smtp-username |
| 82 | + SMTP_PASSWORD=your-smtp-password |
| 83 | + EMAIL_FROM=noreply@yourdomain.com |
| 84 | + \`\`\` |
| 85 | + |
| 86 | +3. Start the services using Docker Compose: |
| 87 | + \`\`\` |
| 88 | + docker-compose up -d |
| 89 | + \`\`\` |
| 90 | + |
| 91 | +4. The API will be available at http://localhost:8000 |
| 92 | + |
| 93 | +### Running Tests |
| 94 | + |
| 95 | +\`\`\` |
| 96 | +pytest |
| 97 | +\`\`\` |
| 98 | + |
| 99 | +## API Documentation |
| 100 | + |
| 101 | +Once the application is running, you can access the API documentation at: |
| 102 | + |
| 103 | +- Swagger UI: http://localhost:8000/docs |
| 104 | +- ReDoc: http://localhost:8000/redoc |
| 105 | + |
| 106 | +## API Endpoints |
| 107 | + |
| 108 | +### Authentication |
| 109 | +- `POST /api/auth/login` - Obtain JWT token |
| 110 | +- `POST /api/auth/register` - Register a new user |
| 111 | +- `GET /api/auth/me` - Get current user information |
| 112 | + |
| 113 | +### Patients |
| 114 | +- `GET /api/patients/` - List all patients |
| 115 | +- `POST /api/patients/` - Create a new patient |
| 116 | +- `GET /api/patients/{id}` - Get patient details |
| 117 | +- `PUT /api/patients/{id}` - Update patient information |
| 118 | +- `DELETE /api/patients/{id}` - Delete a patient |
| 119 | +- `GET /api/patients/search/` - Search for patients |
| 120 | + |
| 121 | +### Doctors |
| 122 | +- `GET /api/doctors/` - List all doctors |
| 123 | +- `POST /api/doctors/` - Create a new doctor |
| 124 | +- `GET /api/doctors/{id}` - Get doctor details with availability |
| 125 | +- `PUT /api/doctors/{id}` - Update doctor information |
| 126 | +- `DELETE /api/doctors/{id}` - Delete a doctor |
| 127 | +- `POST /api/doctors/{id}/availability` - Add availability for a doctor |
| 128 | +- `GET /api/doctors/specialization/{specialization}` - Get doctors by specialization |
| 129 | + |
| 130 | +### Appointments |
| 131 | +- `GET /api/appointments/` - List appointments (filtered by user role) |
| 132 | +- `POST /api/appointments/` - Create a new appointment |
| 133 | +- `GET /api/appointments/{id}` - Get appointment details |
| 134 | +- `PUT /api/appointments/{id}` - Update an appointment |
| 135 | +- `DELETE /api/appointments/{id}` - Delete an appointment |
| 136 | +- `PUT /api/appointments/{id}/status` - Update appointment status |
| 137 | +- `GET /api/appointments/doctor/{doctor_id}/available-slots` - Get available slots for a doctor |
| 138 | + |
| 139 | +## Database Schema |
| 140 | + |
| 141 | +The system uses the following database schema: |
| 142 | + |
| 143 | +- **patients**: Stores patient information |
| 144 | +- **doctors**: Stores doctor information |
| 145 | +- **availabilities**: Stores doctor availability schedules |
| 146 | +- **appointments**: Stores appointment information |
| 147 | +- **medical_records**: Stores patient medical records |
| 148 | +- **users**: Stores user authentication information |
| 149 | + |
| 150 | +## Security |
| 151 | + |
| 152 | +The system implements the following security measures: |
| 153 | + |
| 154 | +- JWT-based authentication |
| 155 | +- Role-based access control |
| 156 | +- Password hashing |
| 157 | +- HTTPS support |
| 158 | +- Rate limiting |
| 159 | +- Input validation |
| 160 | + |
| 161 | +## Performance Optimizations |
| 162 | + |
| 163 | +- Redis caching for frequently accessed data |
| 164 | +- Asynchronous processing with RabbitMQ |
| 165 | +- Database query optimization |
| 166 | +- Connection pooling |
| 167 | + |
| 168 | +## Deployment |
| 169 | + |
| 170 | +### Local Development |
| 171 | +Follow the installation instructions above to deploy the system locally using Docker Compose. |
| 172 | + |
| 173 | +### Production Deployment |
| 174 | + |
| 175 | +For production deployment, consider the following additional steps: |
| 176 | + |
| 177 | +1. Use a production-grade PostgreSQL setup with proper backups |
| 178 | +2. Configure HTTPS with a valid SSL certificate |
| 179 | +3. Set up monitoring and logging (e.g., Prometheus, Grafana, ELK stack) |
| 180 | +4. Use a reverse proxy like Nginx in front of the application |
| 181 | +5. Implement proper secrets management |
| 182 | + |
| 183 | +Example production docker-compose.yml adjustments: |
| 184 | + |
| 185 | +\`\`\`yaml |
| 186 | +version: '3.8' |
| 187 | + |
| 188 | +services: |
| 189 | + app: |
| 190 | + build: . |
| 191 | + restart: always |
| 192 | + environment: |
| 193 | + - DATABASE_URL=postgresql://user:password@db:5432/healthcare |
| 194 | + - REDIS_URL=redis://redis:6379/0 |
| 195 | + - RABBITMQ_URL=amqp://user:password@rabbitmq:5672/ |
| 196 | + - SECRET_KEY=${SECRET_KEY} |
| 197 | + deploy: |
| 198 | + replicas: 3 |
| 199 | + resources: |
| 200 | + limits: |
| 201 | + cpus: '0.5' |
| 202 | + memory: 512M |
| 203 | + |
| 204 | + db: |
| 205 | + image: postgres:15 |
| 206 | + volumes: |
| 207 | + - postgres_data:/var/lib/postgresql/data/ |
| 208 | + environment: |
| 209 | + - POSTGRES_USER=${DB_USER} |
| 210 | + - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=${DB_PASSWORD} |
| 211 | + - POSTGRES_DB=healthcare |
| 212 | + deploy: |
| 213 | + resources: |
| 214 | + limits: |
| 215 | + cpus: '1' |
| 216 | + memory: 1G |
| 217 | + |
| 218 | + # Other services with similar production configurations |
| 219 | +\`\`\` |
| 220 | + |
| 221 | +## Troubleshooting |
| 222 | + |
| 223 | +### Common Issues |
| 224 | + |
| 225 | +1. **Database Connection Errors** |
| 226 | + - Check if PostgreSQL is running: `docker-compose ps` |
| 227 | + - Verify database credentials in environment variables |
| 228 | + - Check network connectivity between services |
| 229 | + |
| 230 | +2. **Authentication Issues** |
| 231 | + - Ensure SECRET_KEY is properly set |
| 232 | + - Check token expiration time |
| 233 | + - Verify user credentials |
| 234 | + |
| 235 | +3. **Performance Issues** |
| 236 | + - Check Redis connection for caching |
| 237 | + - Monitor database query performance |
| 238 | + - Check RabbitMQ queue sizes |
| 239 | + |
| 240 | +### Logs |
| 241 | + |
| 242 | +To view logs for troubleshooting: |
| 243 | + |
| 244 | +\`\`\`bash |
| 245 | +# View logs for all services |
| 246 | +docker-compose logs |
| 247 | + |
| 248 | +# View logs for a specific service |
| 249 | +docker-compose logs app |
| 250 | + |
| 251 | +# Follow logs in real-time |
| 252 | +docker-compose logs -f app |
| 253 | +\`\`\` |
| 254 | + |
| 255 | +## Contributing |
| 256 | + |
| 257 | +We welcome contributions to improve the Healthcare Appointment Scheduling System! |
| 258 | + |
| 259 | +### Development Workflow |
| 260 | + |
| 261 | +1. Fork the repository |
| 262 | +2. Create a feature branch: `git checkout -b feature/your-feature-name` |
| 263 | +3. Make your changes |
| 264 | +4. Run tests: `pytest` |
| 265 | +5. Commit your changes: `git commit -m "Add some feature"` |
| 266 | +6. Push to the branch: `git push origin feature/your-feature-name` |
| 267 | +7. Submit a pull request |
| 268 | + |
| 269 | +### Coding Standards |
| 270 | + |
| 271 | +- Follow PEP 8 style guide for Python code |
| 272 | +- Write docstrings for all functions, classes, and modules |
| 273 | +- Include unit tests for new features |
| 274 | +- Update documentation as needed |
| 275 | + |
| 276 | +## Future Enhancements |
| 277 | + |
| 278 | +- **Mobile Application**: Develop a mobile app for patients to schedule appointments |
| 279 | +- **Telemedicine Integration**: Add support for virtual appointments |
| 280 | +- **Analytics Dashboard**: Implement reporting and analytics features |
| 281 | +- **Multi-language Support**: Add internationalization for multiple languages |
| 282 | +- **Payment Processing**: Integrate payment gateway for online payments |
| 283 | +- **AI-based Scheduling**: Implement intelligent scheduling recommendations |
| 284 | + |
| 285 | +## License |
| 286 | + |
| 287 | +This project is licensed under the MIT License - see the LICENSE file for details. |
| 288 | + |
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