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LF for .qhelp files too
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‎.editorconfig‎

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[*.{ql,qll,qlref,dbscheme,}]
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[*.{ql,qll,qlref,dbscheme,qhelp}]
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end_of_line = lf

‎.gitattributes‎

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*.qll eol=lf
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*.qlref eol=lf
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*.dbscheme eol=lf
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*.qhelp eol=lf

‎cpp/ql/src/Security/CWE/CWE-190/ComparisonWithWiderType.qhelp‎

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<!DOCTYPE qhelp PUBLIC
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"-//Semmle//qhelp//EN"
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"qhelp.dtd">
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<qhelp>
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<overview>
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<p>In a loop condition, comparison of a value of a narrow type with a value of a wide type may
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result in unexpected behavior if the wider value is sufficiently large (or small). This is because
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the narrower value may overflow. This can lead to an infinite loop.</p>
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</overview>
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<recommendation>
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<p>Change the types of the compared values so that the value on the narrower side of the
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comparison is at least as wide as the value it is being compared with.</p>
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</recommendation>
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<example>
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<p>In this example, <code>bytes_received</code> is compared against <code>max_get</code> in a
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<code>while</code> loop. However, <code>bytes_received</code> is an <code>int16_t</code>, and
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<code>max_get</code> is an <code>int32_t</code>. Because <code>max_get</code> is larger than
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<code>INT16_MAX</code>, the loop condition is always <code>true</code>, so the loop never
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terminates.</p>
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<p>This problem is avoided in the 'GOOD' case because <code>bytes_received2</code> is an
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<code>int32_t</code>, which is as wide as the type of <code>max_get</code>.</p>
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<sample src="ComparisonWithWiderType.c" />
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</example>
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<references>
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<li>
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<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/cpp/data-type-ranges">Data type ranges</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="https://wiki.sei.cmu.edu/confluence/display/c/INT18-C.+Evaluate+integer+expressions+in+a+larger+size+before+comparing+or+assigning+to+that+size">INT18-C. Evaluate integer expressions in a larger size before comparing or assigning to that size </a>
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</li>
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</references>
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<!DOCTYPE qhelp PUBLIC
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"-//Semmle//qhelp//EN"
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"qhelp.dtd">
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<qhelp>
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<overview>
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<p>In a loop condition, comparison of a value of a narrow type with a value of a wide type may
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result in unexpected behavior if the wider value is sufficiently large (or small). This is because
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the narrower value may overflow. This can lead to an infinite loop.</p>
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</overview>
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<recommendation>
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<p>Change the types of the compared values so that the value on the narrower side of the
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comparison is at least as wide as the value it is being compared with.</p>
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</recommendation>
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<example>
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<p>In this example, <code>bytes_received</code> is compared against <code>max_get</code> in a
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<code>while</code> loop. However, <code>bytes_received</code> is an <code>int16_t</code>, and
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<code>max_get</code> is an <code>int32_t</code>. Because <code>max_get</code> is larger than
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<code>INT16_MAX</code>, the loop condition is always <code>true</code>, so the loop never
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terminates.</p>
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<p>This problem is avoided in the 'GOOD' case because <code>bytes_received2</code> is an
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<code>int32_t</code>, which is as wide as the type of <code>max_get</code>.</p>
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<sample src="ComparisonWithWiderType.c" />
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</example>
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<references>
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<li>
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<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/cpp/data-type-ranges">Data type ranges</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="https://wiki.sei.cmu.edu/confluence/display/c/INT18-C.+Evaluate+integer+expressions+in+a+larger+size+before+comparing+or+assigning+to+that+size">INT18-C. Evaluate integer expressions in a larger size before comparing or assigning to that size </a>
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</li>
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</references>
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</qhelp>

‎csharp/ql/src/Language Abuse/SimplifyBoolExpr.qhelp‎

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<!DOCTYPE qhelp PUBLIC
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"-//Semmle//qhelp//EN"
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"qhelp.dtd">
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<qhelp>
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<overview>
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<p>There are a number of Boolean expression patterns that can easily be rewritten
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to make them simpler.
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Boolean expressions involving comparisons with Boolean literals,
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ternary conditionals with a Boolean literal as one of the results,
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double negations, or negated comparisons can all be changed to
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equivalent and simpler expressions.</p>
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</overview>
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<recommendation>
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<p>If <code>A</code> and <code>B</code> are expressions of Boolean type, you can
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simplify them using the rewrites shown below.</p>
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<table><tbody>
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<tr><th>Expression</th><th></th><th>Simplified expression</th></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A == true</code></td><td></td><td><code>A</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A != false</code></td><td></td><td><code>A</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A == false</code></td><td></td><td><code>!A</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A != true</code></td><td></td><td><code>!A</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A ? true : B</code></td><td></td><td><code>A || B</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A ? B : false</code></td><td></td><td><code>A &amp;&amp; B</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A ? B : true</code></td><td></td><td><code>!A || B</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A ? false : B</code></td><td></td><td><code>!A &amp;&amp; B</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A ? true : false</code></td><td></td><td><code>A</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A ? false : true</code></td><td></td><td><code>!A</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>!!A</code></td><td></td><td><code>A</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A &amp;&amp; true</code></td><td></td><td><code>A</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A || false</code></td><td></td><td><code>A</code></td></tr>
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</tbody></table>
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<p>Some expressions always yield a constant value. If the side-effect in
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<code>A</code> is intended, consider restructuring the code to make this more clear.
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Otherwise, replace the expression with the constant value as shown below.</p>
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<table><tbody>
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<tr><th>Expression</th><th></th><th>Value</th></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A &amp;&amp; false</code></td><td></td><td><code>false</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A || true</code></td><td></td><td><code>true</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A ? true : true</code></td><td></td><td><code>true</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A ? false : false</code></td><td></td><td><code>false</code></td></tr>
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</tbody></table>
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<p>In addition to the rewrites above, negated comparisons can also be simplified in the following way:</p>
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<table><tbody>
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<tr><th>Expression</th><th></th><th>Simplified expression</th></tr>
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<tr><td><code>!(A == B)</code></td><td></td><td><code>A != B</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>!(A != B)</code></td><td></td><td><code>A == B</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>!(A &lt; B)</code></td><td></td><td><code>A >= B</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>!(A > B)</code></td><td></td><td><code>A &lt;= B</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>!(A &lt;= B)</code></td><td></td><td><code>A > B</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>!(A >= B)</code></td><td></td><td><code>A &lt; B</code></td></tr>
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</tbody></table>
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</recommendation>
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<example>
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<p>
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In the following example, the properties <code>Espresso</code>, <code>Latte</code>, and <code>Grande</code>
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are written in a complex way and can be simplified.
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</p>
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<sample src="SimplifyBoolExprBad.cs" />
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<p>The code below shows the same logic expressed in a simpler and more readable way.</p>
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<sample src="SimplifyBoolExprGood.cs" />
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</example>
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<references>
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<li>
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Microsoft C# Reference:
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<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/operators/logical-negation-operator">! Operator</a>,
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<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/operators/equality-comparison-operator">== Operator</a>,
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<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/operators/not-equal-operator">!= Operator</a>,
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<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/operators/conditional-and-operator">&amp;&amp; Operator</a>,
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<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/operators/conditional-or-operator">|| Operator</a>,
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<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/operators/conditional-operator">?: Operator</a>,
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<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/operators/less-than-operator">&lt; Operator</a>.
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</li>
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</references>
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</qhelp>
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<!DOCTYPE qhelp PUBLIC
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"-//Semmle//qhelp//EN"
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"qhelp.dtd">
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<qhelp>
5+
6+
<overview>
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<p>There are a number of Boolean expression patterns that can easily be rewritten
8+
to make them simpler.
9+
Boolean expressions involving comparisons with Boolean literals,
10+
ternary conditionals with a Boolean literal as one of the results,
11+
double negations, or negated comparisons can all be changed to
12+
equivalent and simpler expressions.</p>
13+
</overview>
14+
15+
<recommendation>
16+
<p>If <code>A</code> and <code>B</code> are expressions of Boolean type, you can
17+
simplify them using the rewrites shown below.</p>
18+
19+
<table><tbody>
20+
<tr><th>Expression</th><th></th><th>Simplified expression</th></tr>
21+
<tr><td><code>A == true</code></td><td></td><td><code>A</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A != false</code></td><td></td><td><code>A</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A == false</code></td><td></td><td><code>!A</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A != true</code></td><td></td><td><code>!A</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A ? true : B</code></td><td></td><td><code>A || B</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A ? B : false</code></td><td></td><td><code>A &amp;&amp; B</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A ? B : true</code></td><td></td><td><code>!A || B</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A ? false : B</code></td><td></td><td><code>!A &amp;&amp; B</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A ? true : false</code></td><td></td><td><code>A</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A ? false : true</code></td><td></td><td><code>!A</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>!!A</code></td><td></td><td><code>A</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A &amp;&amp; true</code></td><td></td><td><code>A</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A || false</code></td><td></td><td><code>A</code></td></tr>
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</tbody></table>
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<p>Some expressions always yield a constant value. If the side-effect in
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<code>A</code> is intended, consider restructuring the code to make this more clear.
38+
Otherwise, replace the expression with the constant value as shown below.</p>
39+
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<table><tbody>
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<tr><th>Expression</th><th></th><th>Value</th></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A &amp;&amp; false</code></td><td></td><td><code>false</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A || true</code></td><td></td><td><code>true</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A ? true : true</code></td><td></td><td><code>true</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>A ? false : false</code></td><td></td><td><code>false</code></td></tr>
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</tbody></table>
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<p>In addition to the rewrites above, negated comparisons can also be simplified in the following way:</p>
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<table><tbody>
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<tr><th>Expression</th><th></th><th>Simplified expression</th></tr>
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<tr><td><code>!(A == B)</code></td><td></td><td><code>A != B</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>!(A != B)</code></td><td></td><td><code>A == B</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>!(A &lt; B)</code></td><td></td><td><code>A >= B</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>!(A > B)</code></td><td></td><td><code>A &lt;= B</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>!(A &lt;= B)</code></td><td></td><td><code>A > B</code></td></tr>
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<tr><td><code>!(A >= B)</code></td><td></td><td><code>A &lt; B</code></td></tr>
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</tbody></table>
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</recommendation>
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<example>
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<p>
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In the following example, the properties <code>Espresso</code>, <code>Latte</code>, and <code>Grande</code>
65+
are written in a complex way and can be simplified.
66+
</p>
67+
68+
<sample src="SimplifyBoolExprBad.cs" />
69+
70+
<p>The code below shows the same logic expressed in a simpler and more readable way.</p>
71+
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<sample src="SimplifyBoolExprGood.cs" />
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</example>
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<references>
76+
77+
<li>
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Microsoft C# Reference:
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<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/operators/logical-negation-operator">! Operator</a>,
80+
<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/operators/equality-comparison-operator">== Operator</a>,
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<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/operators/not-equal-operator">!= Operator</a>,
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<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/operators/conditional-and-operator">&amp;&amp; Operator</a>,
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<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/operators/conditional-or-operator">|| Operator</a>,
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<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/operators/conditional-operator">?: Operator</a>,
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<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/operators/less-than-operator">&lt; Operator</a>.
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</li>
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</references>
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</qhelp>

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