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Merge pull request #5686 from smowton/haby0/JsonHijacking
Java: JSONP Injection w/cleanups
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‎java/ql/src/experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-352/JsonStringLib.qll‎

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import java
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import semmle.code.java.dataflow.DataFlow
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import semmle.code.java.dataflow.FlowSources
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import DataFlow::PathGraph
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/** Json string type data. */
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abstract class JsonStringSource extends DataFlow::Node { }
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/**
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* Convert to String using Gson library. *
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*
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* For example, in the method access `Gson.toJson(...)`,
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* the `Object` type data is converted to the `String` type data.
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*/
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private class GsonString extends JsonStringSource {
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GsonString() {
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exists(MethodAccess ma, Method m | ma.getMethod() = m |
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m.hasName("toJson") and
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m.getDeclaringType().getASupertype*().hasQualifiedName("com.google.gson", "Gson") and
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this.asExpr() = ma
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)
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}
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}
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/**
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* Convert to String using Fastjson library.
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*
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* For example, in the method access `JSON.toJSONString(...)`,
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* the `Object` type data is converted to the `String` type data.
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*/
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private class FastjsonString extends JsonStringSource {
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FastjsonString() {
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exists(MethodAccess ma, Method m | ma.getMethod() = m |
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m.hasName("toJSONString") and
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m.getDeclaringType().getASupertype*().hasQualifiedName("com.alibaba.fastjson", "JSON") and
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this.asExpr() = ma
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)
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}
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}
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/**
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* Convert to String using Jackson library.
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*
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* For example, in the method access `ObjectMapper.writeValueAsString(...)`,
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* the `Object` type data is converted to the `String` type data.
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*/
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private class JacksonString extends JsonStringSource {
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JacksonString() {
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exists(MethodAccess ma, Method m | ma.getMethod() = m |
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m.hasName("writeValueAsString") and
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m.getDeclaringType()
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.getASupertype*()
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.hasQualifiedName("com.fasterxml.jackson.databind", "ObjectMapper") and
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this.asExpr() = ma
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)
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}
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}

‎java/ql/src/experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-352/JsonpInjection.java‎

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import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
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import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
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import com.google.gson.Gson;
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import java.io.BufferedReader;
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import java.io.IOException;
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import java.io.InputStreamReader;
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import java.io.PrintWriter;
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import java.util.HashMap;
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import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
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import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
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import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
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import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
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import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
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import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
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import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
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import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
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import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
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@Controller
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public class JsonpInjection {
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private static HashMap hashMap = new HashMap();
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static {
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hashMap.put("username","admin");
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hashMap.put("password","123456");
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}
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@GetMapping(value = "jsonp1")
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@ResponseBody
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public String bad1(HttpServletRequest request) {
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String resultStr = null;
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String jsonpCallback = request.getParameter("jsonpCallback");
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Gson gson = new Gson();
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String result = gson.toJson(hashMap);
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resultStr = jsonpCallback + "(" + result + ")";
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return resultStr;
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}
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@GetMapping(value = "jsonp2")
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@ResponseBody
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public String bad2(HttpServletRequest request) {
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String resultStr = null;
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String jsonpCallback = request.getParameter("jsonpCallback");
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resultStr = jsonpCallback + "(" + JSONObject.toJSONString(hashMap) + ")";
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return resultStr;
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}
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@GetMapping(value = "jsonp3")
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@ResponseBody
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public String bad3(HttpServletRequest request) {
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String resultStr = null;
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String jsonpCallback = request.getParameter("jsonpCallback");
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String jsonStr = getJsonStr(hashMap);
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resultStr = jsonpCallback + "(" + jsonStr + ")";
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return resultStr;
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}
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@GetMapping(value = "jsonp4")
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@ResponseBody
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public String bad4(HttpServletRequest request) {
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String resultStr = null;
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String jsonpCallback = request.getParameter("jsonpCallback");
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String restr = JSONObject.toJSONString(hashMap);
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resultStr = jsonpCallback + "(" + restr + ");";
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return resultStr;
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}
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@GetMapping(value = "jsonp5")
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@ResponseBody
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public void bad5(HttpServletRequest request,
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HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
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String jsonpCallback = request.getParameter("jsonpCallback");
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PrintWriter pw = null;
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Gson gson = new Gson();
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String result = gson.toJson(hashMap);
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String resultStr = null;
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pw = response.getWriter();
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resultStr = jsonpCallback + "(" + result + ")";
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pw.println(resultStr);
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}
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@GetMapping(value = "jsonp6")
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@ResponseBody
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public void bad6(HttpServletRequest request,
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HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
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String jsonpCallback = request.getParameter("jsonpCallback");
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PrintWriter pw = null;
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ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
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String result = mapper.writeValueAsString(hashMap);
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String resultStr = null;
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pw = response.getWriter();
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resultStr = jsonpCallback + "(" + result + ")";
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pw.println(resultStr);
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}
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@RequestMapping(value = "jsonp7", method = RequestMethod.GET)
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@ResponseBody
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public String bad7(HttpServletRequest request) {
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String resultStr = null;
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String jsonpCallback = request.getParameter("jsonpCallback");
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Gson gson = new Gson();
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String result = gson.toJson(hashMap);
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resultStr = jsonpCallback + "(" + result + ")";
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return resultStr;
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}
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@RequestMapping(value = "jsonp11")
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@ResponseBody
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public String good1(HttpServletRequest request) {
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JSONObject parameterObj = readToJSONObect(request);
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String resultStr = null;
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String jsonpCallback = request.getParameter("jsonpCallback");
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String restr = JSONObject.toJSONString(hashMap);
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resultStr = jsonpCallback + "(" + restr + ");";
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return resultStr;
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}
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@RequestMapping(value = "jsonp12")
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@ResponseBody
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public String good2(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file,HttpServletRequest request) {
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if(null == file){
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return "upload file error";
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}
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String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
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System.out.println("file operations");
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String resultStr = null;
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String jsonpCallback = request.getParameter("jsonpCallback");
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String restr = JSONObject.toJSONString(hashMap);
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resultStr = jsonpCallback + "(" + restr + ");";
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return resultStr;
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}
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public static JSONObject readToJSONObect(HttpServletRequest request){
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String jsonText = readPostContent(request);
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JSONObject jsonObj = JSONObject.parseObject(jsonText, JSONObject.class);
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return jsonObj;
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}
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public static String readPostContent(HttpServletRequest request){
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BufferedReader in= null;
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String content = null;
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String line = null;
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try {
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in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(request.getInputStream(),"UTF-8"));
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StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
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while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
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buf.append(line);
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}
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content = buf.toString();
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} catch (IOException e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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}
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String uri = request.getRequestURI();
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return content;
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}
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public static String getJsonStr(Object result) {
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return JSONObject.toJSONString(result);
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}
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}

‎java/ql/src/experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-352/JsonpInjection.qhelp‎

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<!DOCTYPE qhelp PUBLIC
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"-//Semmle//qhelp//EN"
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"qhelp.dtd">
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<qhelp>
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<overview>
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<p>The software uses external input as the function name to wrap JSON data and returns it to the client as a request response.
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When there is a cross-domain problem, this could lead to information leakage.</p>
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</overview>
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<recommendation>
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<p>Adding <code>Referer</code>/<code>Origin</code> or random <code>token</code> verification processing can effectively prevent the leakage of sensitive information.</p>
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</recommendation>
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<example>
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<p>The following examples show the bad case and the good case respectively. Bad cases, such as <code>bad1</code> to <code>bad7</code>,
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will cause information leakage when there are cross-domain problems. In a good case, for example, in the <code>good1</code>
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method and the <code>good2</code> method, When these two methods process the request, there must be a request body in the request, which does not meet the conditions of Jsonp injection.</p>
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<sample src="JsonpInjection.java" />
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</example>
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<references>
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<li>
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OWASPLondon20161124_JSON_Hijacking_Gareth_Heyes:
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<a href="https://owasp.org/www-chapter-london/assets/slides/OWASPLondon20161124_JSON_Hijacking_Gareth_Heyes.pdf">JSON hijacking</a>.
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</li>
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<li>
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Practical JSONP Injection:
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<a href="https://securitycafe.ro/2017/01/18/practical-jsonp-injection">
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Completely controllable from the URL (GET variable)
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</a>.
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</li>
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</references>
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</qhelp>

‎java/ql/src/experimental/Security/CWE/CWE-352/JsonpInjection.ql‎

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/**
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* @name JSONP Injection
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* @description User-controlled callback function names that are not verified are vulnerable
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* to jsonp injection attacks.
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* @kind path-problem
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* @problem.severity error
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* @precision high
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* @id java/JSONP-Injection
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* @tags security
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* external/cwe/cwe-352
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*/
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import java
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import JsonpInjectionLib
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import semmle.code.java.dataflow.FlowSources
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import semmle.code.java.deadcode.WebEntryPoints
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import DataFlow::PathGraph
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/** Taint-tracking configuration tracing flow from get method request sources to output jsonp data. */
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class RequestResponseFlowConfig extends TaintTracking::Configuration {
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RequestResponseFlowConfig() { this = "RequestResponseFlowConfig" }
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override predicate isSource(DataFlow::Node source) {
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source instanceof RemoteFlowSource and
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any(RequestGetMethod m).polyCalls*(source.getEnclosingCallable())
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}
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override predicate isSink(DataFlow::Node sink) {
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sink instanceof XssSink and
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any(RequestGetMethod m).polyCalls*(sink.getEnclosingCallable())
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}
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override predicate isAdditionalTaintStep(DataFlow::Node pred, DataFlow::Node succ) {
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exists(MethodAccess ma |
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isRequestGetParamMethod(ma) and pred.asExpr() = ma.getQualifier() and succ.asExpr() = ma
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)
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}
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}
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from DataFlow::PathNode source, DataFlow::PathNode sink, RequestResponseFlowConfig conf
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where
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conf.hasFlowPath(source, sink) and
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exists(JsonpInjectionFlowConfig jhfc | jhfc.hasFlowTo(sink.getNode()))
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select sink.getNode(), source, sink, "Jsonp response might include code from $@.", source.getNode(),
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"this user input"

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