chore: improve Dockerfile for ci tests #1111

Job	Run time
Collect changes / collect-changes	9s
Python tests / lint-and-format-check	9s
Python tests / types-check	1m 25s
Python tests / unit-tests (py310)	1m 26s
Python tests / unit-tests (py311)	1m 25s
Python tests / unit-tests (py313)	1m 25s
Python tests / unit-tests (py312)	1m 25s
status-check	3s
	7m 27s

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