feat: Add BigQuery ObjectRef functions to bigframes.bigquery.obj

This change introduces support for BigQuery ObjectRef functions:
- `OBJ.FETCH_METADATA`
- `OBJ.GET_ACCESS_URL`
- `OBJ.MAKE_REF`

These are exposed via a new `bigframes.bigquery.obj` module.

Changes:
- Added `ObjMakeRefJson` and `ObjGetAccessUrlWithDuration` operations in `bigframes/operations/blob_ops.py`.
- Updated `bigframes/operations/__init__.py` to export new operations.
- Updated `bigframes/core/compile/ibis_compiler/scalar_op_registry.py` and `bigframes/core/compile/sqlglot/expressions/blob_ops.py` to support new operations.
- Created `bigframes/bigquery/_operations/obj.py` with the implementation of `fetch_metadata`, `get_access_url`, and `make_ref`.
- Created `bigframes/bigquery/obj.py` to expose the functions.
- Added unit tests in `tests/unit/bigquery/test_obj.py`.

Author: google-labs-jules[bot]

bigframes/bigquery/_operations/obj.py

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+
+"""
+ObjectRef functions defined from
+https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/object-ref-functions
+"""
+
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Optional, Union
+
+import bigframes.core.utils as utils
+import bigframes.operations as ops
+import bigframes.series as series
+
+
+@utils.preview(name="The ObjectRef API `fetch_metadata`")
+def fetch_metadata(
+    objectref: series.Series,
+) -> series.Series:
+    """The OBJ.FETCH_METADATA function returns Cloud Storage metadata for a partially populated ObjectRef value.
+
+    Args:
+        objectref (bigframes.series.Series):
+            A partially populated ObjectRef value, in which the uri and authorizer fields are populated and the details field isn't.
+
+    Returns:
+        bigframes.series.Series: A fully populated ObjectRef value. The metadata is provided in the details field of the returned ObjectRef value.
+    """
+    return objectref._apply_unary_op(ops.obj_fetch_metadata_op)
+
+
+@utils.preview(name="The ObjectRef API `get_access_url`")
+def get_access_url(
+    objectref: series.Series,
+    mode: str,
+    duration: Optional[series.Series] = None,
+) -> series.Series:
+    """The OBJ.GET_ACCESS_URL function returns JSON that contains reference information for the input ObjectRef value, and also access URLs that you can use to read or modify the Cloud Storage object.
+
+    Args:
+        objectref (bigframes.series.Series):
+            An ObjectRef value that represents a Cloud Storage object.
+        mode (str):
+            A STRING value that identifies the type of URL that you want to be returned. The following values are supported:
+            'r': Returns a URL that lets you read the object.
+            'rw': Returns two URLs, one that lets you read the object, and one that lets you modify the object.
+        duration (bigframes.series.Series, optional):
+            An optional INTERVAL value that specifies how long the generated access URLs remain valid. You can specify a value between 30 minutes and 6 hours. For example, you could specify INTERVAL 2 HOUR to generate URLs that expire after 2 hours. The default value is 6 hours.
+
+    Returns:
+        bigframes.series.Series: A JSON value that contains the Cloud Storage object reference information from the input ObjectRef value, and also one or more URLs that you can use to access the Cloud Storage object.
+    """
+    if duration is not None:
+        return objectref._apply_binary_op(
+            duration, ops.ObjGetAccessUrlWithDuration(mode=mode)
+        )
+    return objectref._apply_unary_op(ops.ObjGetAccessUrl(mode=mode))
+
+
+@utils.preview(name="The ObjectRef API `make_ref`")
+def make_ref(
+    uri_or_json: series.Series,
+    authorizer: Optional[series.Series] = None,
+) -> series.Series:
+    """Use the OBJ.MAKE_REF function to create an ObjectRef value that contains reference information for a Cloud Storage object.
+
+    Args:
+        uri_or_json (bigframes.series.Series):
+            A STRING value that contains the URI for the Cloud Storage object, for example, gs://mybucket/flowers/12345.jpg.
+            OR
+            A JSON value that represents a Cloud Storage object.
+        authorizer (bigframes.series.Series, optional):
+            A STRING value that contains the Cloud Resource connection used to access the Cloud Storage object.
+            Required if uri_or_json is a URI string.
+
+    Returns:
+        bigframes.series.Series: An ObjectRef value.
+    """
+    if authorizer is not None:
+        return uri_or_json._apply_binary_op(authorizer, ops.obj_make_ref_op)
+
+    # If authorizer is not provided, we assume uri_or_json is a JSON objectref
+    return uri_or_json._apply_unary_op(ops.obj_make_ref_json_op)

bigframes/bigquery/obj.py

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+"""This module exposes `BigQuery ObjectRef
+<https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/object-table-object-ref-functions>`_ functions.
+"""
+
+from bigframes.bigquery._operations.obj import (
+    fetch_metadata,
+    get_access_url,
+    make_ref,
+)
+
+__all__ = [
+    "fetch_metadata",
+    "get_access_url",
+    "make_ref",
+]

bigframes/core/compile/ibis_compiler/scalar_op_registry.py

@@ -1250,6 +1250,15 @@ def obj_get_access_url_op_impl(obj_ref: ibis_types.Value, op: ops.ObjGetAccessUr
     return obj_get_access_url(obj_ref=obj_ref, mode=op.mode)
 
 
+@scalar_op_compiler.register_binary_op(ops.ObjGetAccessUrlWithDuration, pass_op=True)
+def obj_get_access_url_with_duration_op_impl(
+    obj_ref: ibis_types.Value, duration: ibis_types.Value, op: ops.ObjGetAccessUrlWithDuration
+):
+    return obj_get_access_url_with_duration(
+        obj_ref=obj_ref, mode=op.mode, duration=duration
+    )
+
+
 ### Binary Ops
 def short_circuit_nulls(type_override: typing.Optional[ibis_dtypes.DataType] = None):
     """Wraps a binary operator to generate nulls of the expected type if either input is a null scalar."""
@@ -1807,6 +1816,11 @@ def obj_make_ref_op(x: ibis_types.Value, y: ibis_types.Value):
     return obj_make_ref(uri=x, authorizer=y)
 
 
+@scalar_op_compiler.register_unary_op(ops.obj_make_ref_json_op)
+def obj_make_ref_json_op(x: ibis_types.Value):
+    return obj_make_ref_json(objectref_json=x)
+
+
 # Ternary Operations
 @scalar_op_compiler.register_ternary_op(ops.where_op)
 def where_op(
@@ -2141,11 +2155,23 @@ def obj_make_ref(uri: str, authorizer: str) -> _OBJ_REF_IBIS_DTYPE:  # type: ign
     """Make ObjectRef Struct from uri and connection."""
 
 
+@ibis_udf.scalar.builtin(name="OBJ.MAKE_REF")
+def obj_make_ref_json(objectref_json: ibis_dtypes.JSON) -> _OBJ_REF_IBIS_DTYPE:  # type: ignore
+    """Make ObjectRef Struct from json."""
+
+
 @ibis_udf.scalar.builtin(name="OBJ.GET_ACCESS_URL")
 def obj_get_access_url(obj_ref: _OBJ_REF_IBIS_DTYPE, mode: ibis_dtypes.String) -> ibis_dtypes.JSON:  # type: ignore
     """Get access url (as ObjectRefRumtime JSON) from ObjectRef."""
 
 
+@ibis_udf.scalar.builtin(name="OBJ.GET_ACCESS_URL")
+def obj_get_access_url_with_duration(
+    obj_ref: _OBJ_REF_IBIS_DTYPE, mode: ibis_dtypes.String, duration: ibis_dtypes.Interval(unit="us")  # type: ignore
+) -> ibis_dtypes.JSON:  # type: ignore
+    """Get access url (as ObjectRefRumtime JSON) from ObjectRef."""
+
+
 @ibis_udf.scalar.builtin(name="ltrim")
 def str_lstrip_op(  # type: ignore[empty-body]
     x: ibis_dtypes.String, to_strip: ibis_dtypes.String

bigframes/core/compile/sqlglot/expressions/blob_ops.py

@@ -29,11 +29,25 @@ def _(expr: TypedExpr) -> sge.Expression:
     return sge.func("OBJ.FETCH_METADATA", expr.expr)
 
 
-@register_unary_op(ops.ObjGetAccessUrl)
-def _(expr: TypedExpr) -> sge.Expression:
-    return sge.func("OBJ.GET_ACCESS_URL", expr.expr)
+@register_unary_op(ops.ObjGetAccessUrl, pass_op=True)
+def _(expr: TypedExpr, op: ops.ObjGetAccessUrl) -> sge.Expression:
+    return sge.func("OBJ.GET_ACCESS_URL", expr.expr, sge.Literal.string(op.mode))
+
+
+@register_binary_op(ops.ObjGetAccessUrlWithDuration, pass_op=True)
+def _(
+    left: TypedExpr, right: TypedExpr, op: ops.ObjGetAccessUrlWithDuration
+) -> sge.Expression:
+    return sge.func(
+        "OBJ.GET_ACCESS_URL", left.expr, sge.Literal.string(op.mode), right.expr
+    )
 
 
 @register_binary_op(ops.obj_make_ref_op)
 def _(left: TypedExpr, right: TypedExpr) -> sge.Expression:
     return sge.func("OBJ.MAKE_REF", left.expr, right.expr)
+
+
+@register_unary_op(ops.obj_make_ref_json_op)
+def _(expr: TypedExpr) -> sge.Expression:
+    return sge.func("OBJ.MAKE_REF", expr.expr)

bigframes/operations/__init__.py

@@ -40,8 +40,10 @@
 )
 from bigframes.operations.blob_ops import (
     obj_fetch_metadata_op,
+    obj_make_ref_json_op,
     obj_make_ref_op,
     ObjGetAccessUrl,
+    ObjGetAccessUrlWithDuration,
 )
 from bigframes.operations.bool_ops import and_op, or_op, xor_op
 from bigframes.operations.comparison_ops import (
@@ -365,6 +367,8 @@
     "ArrayToStringOp",
     # Blob ops
     "ObjGetAccessUrl",
+    "ObjGetAccessUrlWithDuration",
+    "obj_make_ref_json_op",
     "obj_make_ref_op",
     "obj_fetch_metadata_op",
     # Struct ops

bigframes/operations/blob_ops.py

@@ -34,6 +34,15 @@ def output_type(self, *input_types):
         return dtypes.JSON_DTYPE
 
 
+@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True)
+class ObjGetAccessUrlWithDuration(base_ops.BinaryOp):
+    name: typing.ClassVar[str] = "obj_get_access_url_with_duration"
+    mode: str  # access mode, e.g. R read, W write, RW read & write
+
+    def output_type(self, *input_types):
+        return dtypes.JSON_DTYPE
+
+
 @dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True)
 class ObjMakeRef(base_ops.BinaryOp):
     name: typing.ClassVar[str] = "obj_make_ref"
@@ -46,3 +55,14 @@ def output_type(self, *input_types):
 
 
 obj_make_ref_op = ObjMakeRef()
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True)
+class ObjMakeRefJson(base_ops.UnaryOp):
+    name: typing.ClassVar[str] = "obj_make_ref_json"
+
+    def output_type(self, *input_types):
+        return dtypes.OBJ_REF_DTYPE
+
+
+obj_make_ref_json_op = ObjMakeRefJson()

tests/unit/bigquery/test_obj.py

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import pytest
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock
+
+import bigframes.bigquery.obj as obj
+import bigframes.operations as ops
+import bigframes.series as series
+
+def test_fetch_metadata_op_structure():
+    op = ops.obj_fetch_metadata_op
+    assert op.name == "obj_fetch_metadata"
+
+def test_get_access_url_op_structure():
+    op = ops.ObjGetAccessUrl(mode="r")
+    assert op.name == "obj_get_access_url"
+    assert op.mode == "r"
+
+def test_get_access_url_with_duration_op_structure():
+    op = ops.ObjGetAccessUrlWithDuration(mode="rw")
+    assert op.name == "obj_get_access_url_with_duration"
+    assert op.mode == "rw"
+
+def test_make_ref_op_structure():
+    op = ops.obj_make_ref_op
+    assert op.name == "obj_make_ref"
+
+def test_make_ref_json_op_structure():
+    op = ops.obj_make_ref_json_op
+    assert op.name == "obj_make_ref_json"
+
+def test_fetch_metadata_calls_apply_unary_op():
+    s = MagicMock(spec=series.Series)
+
+    obj.fetch_metadata(s)
+
+    s._apply_unary_op.assert_called_once()
+    args, _ = s._apply_unary_op.call_args
+    assert args[0] == ops.obj_fetch_metadata_op
+
+def test_get_access_url_calls_apply_unary_op_without_duration():
+    s = MagicMock(spec=series.Series)
+
+    obj.get_access_url(s, mode="r")
+
+    s._apply_unary_op.assert_called_once()
+    args, _ = s._apply_unary_op.call_args
+    assert isinstance(args[0], ops.ObjGetAccessUrl)
+    assert args[0].mode == "r"
+
+def test_get_access_url_calls_apply_binary_op_with_duration():
+    s = MagicMock(spec=series.Series)
+    duration = MagicMock(spec=series.Series)
+
+    obj.get_access_url(s, mode="rw", duration=duration)
+
+    s._apply_binary_op.assert_called_once()
+    args, kwargs = s._apply_binary_op.call_args
+    assert args[0] == duration
+    assert isinstance(args[1], ops.ObjGetAccessUrlWithDuration)
+    assert args[1].mode == "rw"
+
+def test_make_ref_calls_apply_binary_op_with_authorizer():
+    uri = MagicMock(spec=series.Series)
+    auth = MagicMock(spec=series.Series)
+
+    obj.make_ref(uri, authorizer=auth)
+
+    uri._apply_binary_op.assert_called_once()
+    args, _ = uri._apply_binary_op.call_args
+    assert args[0] == auth
+    assert args[1] == ops.obj_make_ref_op
+
+def test_make_ref_calls_apply_unary_op_without_authorizer():
+    json_val = MagicMock(spec=series.Series)
+
+    obj.make_ref(json_val)
+
+    json_val._apply_unary_op.assert_called_once()
+    args, _ = json_val._apply_unary_op.call_args
+    assert args[0] == ops.obj_make_ref_json_op