diff --git a/bigframes/_importing.py b/bigframes/_importing.py
index 095a1d9c51..e88bd77fe8 100644
--- a/bigframes/_importing.py
+++ b/bigframes/_importing.py
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 import importlib
 from types import ModuleType
 
+import numpy
 from packaging import version
 
 # Keep this in sync with setup.py
@@ -22,9 +23,13 @@
 
 def import_polars() -> ModuleType:
     polars_module = importlib.import_module("polars")
-    imported_version = version.Version(polars_module.build_info()["version"])
-    if imported_version < POLARS_MIN_VERSION:
+    # Check for necessary methods instead of the version number because we
+    # can't trust the polars version until
+    # https://github.com/pola-rs/polars/issues/23940 is fixed.
+    try:
+        polars_module.lit(numpy.int64(100), dtype=polars_module.Int64())
+    except TypeError:
         raise ImportError(
-            f"Imported polars version: {imported_version} is below the minimum version: {POLARS_MIN_VERSION}"
+            f"Imported polars version is likely below the minimum version: {POLARS_MIN_VERSION}"
         )
     return polars_module
diff --git a/bigframes/core/compile/__init__.py b/bigframes/core/compile/__init__.py
index e2487306ab..68c36df288 100644
--- a/bigframes/core/compile/__init__.py
+++ b/bigframes/core/compile/__init__.py
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from bigframes.core.compile.api import test_only_ibis_inferred_schema
-from bigframes.core.compile.compiler import compile_sql
 from bigframes.core.compile.configs import CompileRequest, CompileResult
+from bigframes.core.compile.ibis_compiler.ibis_compiler import compile_sql
 
 __all__ = [
     "test_only_ibis_inferred_schema",
diff --git a/bigframes/core/compile/api.py b/bigframes/core/compile/api.py
index ddd8622327..3a4695c50d 100644
--- a/bigframes/core/compile/api.py
+++ b/bigframes/core/compile/api.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 from bigframes.core import rewrite
-from bigframes.core.compile import compiler
+from bigframes.core.compile.ibis_compiler import ibis_compiler
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     import bigframes.core.nodes
@@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ def test_only_ibis_inferred_schema(node: bigframes.core.nodes.BigFrameNode):
     """Use only for testing paths to ensure ibis inferred schema does not diverge from bigframes inferred schema."""
     import bigframes.core.schema
 
-    node = compiler._replace_unsupported_ops(node)
+    node = ibis_compiler._replace_unsupported_ops(node)
     node = rewrite.bake_order(node)
-    ir = compiler.compile_node(node)
+    ir = ibis_compiler.compile_node(node)
     items = tuple(
         bigframes.core.schema.SchemaItem(name, ir.get_column_type(ibis_id))
         for name, ibis_id in zip(node.schema.names, ir.column_ids)
diff --git a/bigframes/core/compile/compiled.py b/bigframes/core/compile/compiled.py
index 314b54fc6d..27660d2ba7 100644
--- a/bigframes/core/compile/compiled.py
+++ b/bigframes/core/compile/compiled.py
@@ -30,11 +30,10 @@
 import pyarrow as pa
 
 from bigframes.core import utils
-import bigframes.core.compile.aggregate_compiler as agg_compiler
 import bigframes.core.compile.googlesql
+import bigframes.core.compile.ibis_compiler.aggregate_compiler as agg_compiler
+import bigframes.core.compile.ibis_compiler.scalar_op_compiler as op_compilers
 import bigframes.core.compile.ibis_types
-import bigframes.core.compile.scalar_op_compiler as op_compilers
-import bigframes.core.compile.scalar_op_compiler as scalar_op_compiler
 import bigframes.core.expression as ex
 from bigframes.core.ordering import OrderingExpression
 import bigframes.core.sql
@@ -679,13 +678,15 @@ def _join_condition(
 
 
 def _as_groupable(value: ibis_types.Value):
+    from bigframes.core.compile.ibis_compiler import scalar_op_registry
+
     # Some types need to be converted to another type to enable groupby
     if value.type().is_float64():
         return value.cast(ibis_dtypes.str)
     elif value.type().is_geospatial():
         return typing.cast(ibis_types.GeoSpatialColumn, value).as_binary()
     elif value.type().is_json():
-        return scalar_op_compiler.to_json_string(value)
+        return scalar_op_registry.to_json_string(value)
     else:
         return value
 
diff --git a/tests/system/small/pandas/io/__init__.py b/bigframes/core/compile/ibis_compiler/__init__.py
similarity index 62%
rename from tests/system/small/pandas/io/__init__.py
rename to bigframes/core/compile/ibis_compiler/__init__.py
index 0a2669d7a2..aef0ed9267 100644
--- a/tests/system/small/pandas/io/__init__.py
+++ b/bigframes/core/compile/ibis_compiler/__init__.py
@@ -11,3 +11,14 @@
 # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
+
+"""Compiler for BigFrames expression to Ibis expression.
+
+Make sure to import all ibis_compiler implementations here so that they get
+registered.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import bigframes.core.compile.ibis_compiler.operations.generic_ops  # noqa: F401
+import bigframes.core.compile.ibis_compiler.scalar_op_registry  # noqa: F401
diff --git a/bigframes/core/compile/aggregate_compiler.py b/bigframes/core/compile/ibis_compiler/aggregate_compiler.py
similarity index 99%
rename from bigframes/core/compile/aggregate_compiler.py
rename to bigframes/core/compile/ibis_compiler/aggregate_compiler.py
index 0d31798f25..4e0bf477fc 100644
--- a/bigframes/core/compile/aggregate_compiler.py
+++ b/bigframes/core/compile/ibis_compiler/aggregate_compiler.py
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@
 import pandas as pd
 
 from bigframes.core.compile import constants as compiler_constants
+import bigframes.core.compile.ibis_compiler.scalar_op_compiler as scalar_compilers
 import bigframes.core.compile.ibis_types as compile_ibis_types
-import bigframes.core.compile.scalar_op_compiler as scalar_compilers
 import bigframes.core.expression as ex
 import bigframes.core.window_spec as window_spec
 import bigframes.operations.aggregations as agg_ops
diff --git a/bigframes/core/compile/compiler.py b/bigframes/core/compile/ibis_compiler/ibis_compiler.py
similarity index 98%
rename from bigframes/core/compile/compiler.py
rename to bigframes/core/compile/ibis_compiler/ibis_compiler.py
index 0efbd47ae4..ff0441ea22 100644
--- a/bigframes/core/compile/compiler.py
+++ b/bigframes/core/compile/ibis_compiler/ibis_compiler.py
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@
 import bigframes.core.compile.concat as concat_impl
 import bigframes.core.compile.configs as configs
 import bigframes.core.compile.explode
-import bigframes.core.compile.scalar_op_compiler as compile_scalar
 import bigframes.core.nodes as nodes
 import bigframes.core.ordering as bf_ordering
 import bigframes.core.rewrite as rewrites
@@ -178,6 +177,8 @@ def compile_readlocal(node: nodes.ReadLocalNode, *args):
 
 @_compile_node.register
 def compile_readtable(node: nodes.ReadTableNode, *args):
+    from bigframes.core.compile.ibis_compiler import scalar_op_registry
+
     ibis_table = _table_to_ibis(
         node.source, scan_cols=[col.source_id for col in node.scan_list.items]
     )
@@ -188,7 +189,7 @@ def compile_readtable(node: nodes.ReadTableNode, *args):
             scan_item.dtype == dtypes.JSON_DTYPE
             and ibis_table[scan_item.source_id].type() == ibis_dtypes.string
         ):
-            json_column = compile_scalar.parse_json(
+            json_column = scalar_op_registry.parse_json(
                 ibis_table[scan_item.source_id]
             ).name(scan_item.source_id)
             ibis_table = ibis_table.mutate(json_column)
diff --git a/tests/system/small/pandas/io/api/__init__.py b/bigframes/core/compile/ibis_compiler/operations/__init__.py
similarity index 67%
rename from tests/system/small/pandas/io/api/__init__.py
rename to bigframes/core/compile/ibis_compiler/operations/__init__.py
index 0a2669d7a2..9d9f3849ab 100644
--- a/tests/system/small/pandas/io/api/__init__.py
+++ b/bigframes/core/compile/ibis_compiler/operations/__init__.py
@@ -11,3 +11,11 @@
 # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
+
+"""Operation implementations for the Ibis-based compiler.
+
+This directory structure should reflect the same layout as the
+`bigframes/operations` directory where the operations are defined.
+
+Prefer a few ops per file to keep file sizes manageable for text editors and LLMs.
+"""
diff --git a/bigframes/core/compile/ibis_compiler/operations/generic_ops.py b/bigframes/core/compile/ibis_compiler/operations/generic_ops.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..78f6a0c4de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bigframes/core/compile/ibis_compiler/operations/generic_ops.py
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+"""
+BigFrames -> Ibis compilation for the operations in bigframes.operations.generic_ops.
+
+Please keep implementations in sequential order by op name.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from bigframes_vendored.ibis.expr import types as ibis_types
+
+from bigframes.core.compile.ibis_compiler import scalar_op_compiler
+from bigframes.operations import generic_ops
+
+register_unary_op = scalar_op_compiler.scalar_op_compiler.register_unary_op
+
+
+@register_unary_op(generic_ops.notnull_op)
+def notnull_op_impl(x: ibis_types.Value):
+    return x.notnull()
+
+
+@register_unary_op(generic_ops.isnull_op)
+def isnull_op_impl(x: ibis_types.Value):
+    return x.isnull()
diff --git a/bigframes/core/compile/ibis_compiler/scalar_op_compiler.py b/bigframes/core/compile/ibis_compiler/scalar_op_compiler.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d5f3e15d34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bigframes/core/compile/ibis_compiler/scalar_op_compiler.py
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+# Copyright 2023 Google LLC
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+"""To avoid circular imports, this module should _not_ depend on any ops."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import functools
+import typing
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+import bigframes_vendored.ibis.expr.types as ibis_types
+
+import bigframes.core.compile.ibis_types
+import bigframes.core.expression as ex
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import bigframes.operations as ops
+
+
+class ScalarOpCompiler:
+    # Mapping of operation name to implemenations
+    _registry: dict[
+        str,
+        typing.Callable[
+            [typing.Sequence[ibis_types.Value], ops.RowOp], ibis_types.Value
+        ],
+    ] = {}
+
+    @functools.singledispatchmethod
+    def compile_expression(
+        self,
+        expression: ex.Expression,
+        bindings: typing.Dict[str, ibis_types.Value],
+    ) -> ibis_types.Value:
+        raise NotImplementedError(f"Unrecognized expression: {expression}")
+
+    @compile_expression.register
+    def _(
+        self,
+        expression: ex.ScalarConstantExpression,
+        bindings: typing.Dict[str, ibis_types.Value],
+    ) -> ibis_types.Value:
+        return bigframes.core.compile.ibis_types.literal_to_ibis_scalar(
+            expression.value, expression.dtype
+        )
+
+    @compile_expression.register
+    def _(
+        self,
+        expression: ex.DerefOp,
+        bindings: typing.Dict[str, ibis_types.Value],
+    ) -> ibis_types.Value:
+        if expression.id.sql not in bindings:
+            raise ValueError(f"Could not resolve unbound variable {expression.id}")
+        else:
+            return bindings[expression.id.sql]
+
+    @compile_expression.register
+    def _(
+        self,
+        expression: ex.OpExpression,
+        bindings: typing.Dict[str, ibis_types.Value],
+    ) -> ibis_types.Value:
+        inputs = [
+            self.compile_expression(sub_expr, bindings)
+            for sub_expr in expression.inputs
+        ]
+        return self.compile_row_op(expression.op, inputs)
+
+    def compile_row_op(
+        self, op: ops.RowOp, inputs: typing.Sequence[ibis_types.Value]
+    ) -> ibis_types.Value:
+        impl = self._registry[op.name]
+        return impl(inputs, op)
+
+    def register_unary_op(
+        self,
+        op_ref: typing.Union[ops.UnaryOp, type[ops.UnaryOp]],
+        pass_op: bool = False,
+    ):
+        """
+        Decorator to register a unary op implementation.
+
+        Args:
+            op_ref (UnaryOp or UnaryOp type):
+                Class or instance of operator that is implemented by the decorated function.
+            pass_op (bool):
+                Set to true if implementation takes the operator object as the last argument.
+                This is needed for parameterized ops where parameters are part of op object.
+        """
+        key = typing.cast(str, op_ref.name)
+
+        def decorator(impl: typing.Callable[..., ibis_types.Value]):
+            def normalized_impl(args: typing.Sequence[ibis_types.Value], op: ops.RowOp):
+                if pass_op:
+                    return impl(args[0], op)
+                else:
+                    return impl(args[0])
+
+            self._register(key, normalized_impl)
+            return impl
+
+        return decorator
+
+    def register_binary_op(
+        self,
+        op_ref: typing.Union[ops.BinaryOp, type[ops.BinaryOp]],
+        pass_op: bool = False,
+    ):
+        """
+        Decorator to register a binary op implementation.
+
+        Args:
+            op_ref (BinaryOp or BinaryOp type):
+                Class or instance of operator that is implemented by the decorated function.
+            pass_op (bool):
+                Set to true if implementation takes the operator object as the last argument.
+                This is needed for parameterized ops where parameters are part of op object.
+        """
+        key = typing.cast(str, op_ref.name)
+
+        def decorator(impl: typing.Callable[..., ibis_types.Value]):
+            def normalized_impl(args: typing.Sequence[ibis_types.Value], op: ops.RowOp):
+                if pass_op:
+                    return impl(args[0], args[1], op)
+                else:
+                    return impl(args[0], args[1])
+
+            self._register(key, normalized_impl)
+            return impl
+
+        return decorator
+
+    def register_ternary_op(
+        self, op_ref: typing.Union[ops.TernaryOp, type[ops.TernaryOp]]
+    ):
+        """
+        Decorator to register a ternary op implementation.
+
+        Args:
+            op_ref (TernaryOp or TernaryOp type):
+                Class or instance of operator that is implemented by the decorated function.
+        """
+        key = typing.cast(str, op_ref.name)
+
+        def decorator(impl: typing.Callable[..., ibis_types.Value]):
+            def normalized_impl(args: typing.Sequence[ibis_types.Value], op: ops.RowOp):
+                return impl(args[0], args[1], args[2])
+
+            self._register(key, normalized_impl)
+            return impl
+
+        return decorator
+
+    def register_nary_op(
+        self, op_ref: typing.Union[ops.NaryOp, type[ops.NaryOp]], pass_op: bool = False
+    ):
+        """
+        Decorator to register a nary op implementation.
+
+        Args:
+            op_ref (NaryOp or NaryOp type):
+                Class or instance of operator that is implemented by the decorated function.
+            pass_op (bool):
+                Set to true if implementation takes the operator object as the last argument.
+                This is needed for parameterized ops where parameters are part of op object.
+        """
+        key = typing.cast(str, op_ref.name)
+
+        def decorator(impl: typing.Callable[..., ibis_types.Value]):
+            def normalized_impl(args: typing.Sequence[ibis_types.Value], op: ops.RowOp):
+                if pass_op:
+                    return impl(*args, op=op)
+                else:
+                    return impl(*args)
+
+            self._register(key, normalized_impl)
+            return impl
+
+        return decorator
+
+    def _register(
+        self,
+        op_name: str,
+        impl: typing.Callable[
+            [typing.Sequence[ibis_types.Value], ops.RowOp], ibis_types.Value
+        ],
+    ):
+        if op_name in self._registry:
+            raise ValueError(f"Operation name {op_name} already registered")
+        self._registry[op_name] = impl
+
+
+# Singleton compiler
+scalar_op_compiler = ScalarOpCompiler()
diff --git a/bigframes/core/compile/scalar_op_compiler.py b/bigframes/core/compile/ibis_compiler/scalar_op_registry.py
similarity index 92%
rename from bigframes/core/compile/scalar_op_compiler.py
rename to bigframes/core/compile/ibis_compiler/scalar_op_registry.py
index c3430120cf..bc077c1ce3 100644
--- a/bigframes/core/compile/scalar_op_compiler.py
+++ b/bigframes/core/compile/ibis_compiler/scalar_op_registry.py
@@ -27,9 +27,10 @@
 
 from bigframes.core.compile.constants import UNIT_TO_US_CONVERSION_FACTORS
 import bigframes.core.compile.default_ordering
+from bigframes.core.compile.ibis_compiler.scalar_op_compiler import (
+    scalar_op_compiler,  # TODO(tswast): avoid import of variables
+)
 import bigframes.core.compile.ibis_types
-import bigframes.core.expression as ex
-import bigframes.dtypes
 import bigframes.operations as ops
 
 _ZERO = typing.cast(ibis_types.NumericValue, ibis_types.literal(0))
@@ -51,195 +52,7 @@
 _OBJ_REF_IBIS_DTYPE = ibis_dtypes.Struct.from_tuples(_OBJ_REF_STRUCT_SCHEMA)  # type: ignore
 
 
-class ScalarOpCompiler:
-    # Mapping of operation name to implemenations
-    _registry: dict[
-        str,
-        typing.Callable[
-            [typing.Sequence[ibis_types.Value], ops.RowOp], ibis_types.Value
-        ],
-    ] = {}
-
-    @functools.singledispatchmethod
-    def compile_expression(
-        self,
-        expression: ex.Expression,
-        bindings: typing.Dict[str, ibis_types.Value],
-    ) -> ibis_types.Value:
-        raise NotImplementedError(f"Unrecognized expression: {expression}")
-
-    @compile_expression.register
-    def _(
-        self,
-        expression: ex.ScalarConstantExpression,
-        bindings: typing.Dict[str, ibis_types.Value],
-    ) -> ibis_types.Value:
-        return bigframes.core.compile.ibis_types.literal_to_ibis_scalar(
-            expression.value, expression.dtype
-        )
-
-    @compile_expression.register
-    def _(
-        self,
-        expression: ex.DerefOp,
-        bindings: typing.Dict[str, ibis_types.Value],
-    ) -> ibis_types.Value:
-        if expression.id.sql not in bindings:
-            raise ValueError(f"Could not resolve unbound variable {expression.id}")
-        else:
-            return bindings[expression.id.sql]
-
-    @compile_expression.register
-    def _(
-        self,
-        expression: ex.OpExpression,
-        bindings: typing.Dict[str, ibis_types.Value],
-    ) -> ibis_types.Value:
-        inputs = [
-            self.compile_expression(sub_expr, bindings)
-            for sub_expr in expression.inputs
-        ]
-        return self.compile_row_op(expression.op, inputs)
-
-    def compile_row_op(
-        self, op: ops.RowOp, inputs: typing.Sequence[ibis_types.Value]
-    ) -> ibis_types.Value:
-        impl = self._registry[op.name]
-        return impl(inputs, op)
-
-    def register_unary_op(
-        self,
-        op_ref: typing.Union[ops.UnaryOp, type[ops.UnaryOp]],
-        pass_op: bool = False,
-    ):
-        """
-        Decorator to register a unary op implementation.
-
-        Args:
-            op_ref (UnaryOp or UnaryOp type):
-                Class or instance of operator that is implemented by the decorated function.
-            pass_op (bool):
-                Set to true if implementation takes the operator object as the last argument.
-                This is needed for parameterized ops where parameters are part of op object.
-        """
-        key = typing.cast(str, op_ref.name)
-
-        def decorator(impl: typing.Callable[..., ibis_types.Value]):
-            def normalized_impl(args: typing.Sequence[ibis_types.Value], op: ops.RowOp):
-                if pass_op:
-                    return impl(args[0], op)
-                else:
-                    return impl(args[0])
-
-            self._register(key, normalized_impl)
-            return impl
-
-        return decorator
-
-    def register_binary_op(
-        self,
-        op_ref: typing.Union[ops.BinaryOp, type[ops.BinaryOp]],
-        pass_op: bool = False,
-    ):
-        """
-        Decorator to register a binary op implementation.
-
-        Args:
-            op_ref (BinaryOp or BinaryOp type):
-                Class or instance of operator that is implemented by the decorated function.
-            pass_op (bool):
-                Set to true if implementation takes the operator object as the last argument.
-                This is needed for parameterized ops where parameters are part of op object.
-        """
-        key = typing.cast(str, op_ref.name)
-
-        def decorator(impl: typing.Callable[..., ibis_types.Value]):
-            def normalized_impl(args: typing.Sequence[ibis_types.Value], op: ops.RowOp):
-                if pass_op:
-                    return impl(args[0], args[1], op)
-                else:
-                    return impl(args[0], args[1])
-
-            self._register(key, normalized_impl)
-            return impl
-
-        return decorator
-
-    def register_ternary_op(
-        self, op_ref: typing.Union[ops.TernaryOp, type[ops.TernaryOp]]
-    ):
-        """
-        Decorator to register a ternary op implementation.
-
-        Args:
-            op_ref (TernaryOp or TernaryOp type):
-                Class or instance of operator that is implemented by the decorated function.
-        """
-        key = typing.cast(str, op_ref.name)
-
-        def decorator(impl: typing.Callable[..., ibis_types.Value]):
-            def normalized_impl(args: typing.Sequence[ibis_types.Value], op: ops.RowOp):
-                return impl(args[0], args[1], args[2])
-
-            self._register(key, normalized_impl)
-            return impl
-
-        return decorator
-
-    def register_nary_op(
-        self, op_ref: typing.Union[ops.NaryOp, type[ops.NaryOp]], pass_op: bool = False
-    ):
-        """
-        Decorator to register a nary op implementation.
-
-        Args:
-            op_ref (NaryOp or NaryOp type):
-                Class or instance of operator that is implemented by the decorated function.
-            pass_op (bool):
-                Set to true if implementation takes the operator object as the last argument.
-                This is needed for parameterized ops where parameters are part of op object.
-        """
-        key = typing.cast(str, op_ref.name)
-
-        def decorator(impl: typing.Callable[..., ibis_types.Value]):
-            def normalized_impl(args: typing.Sequence[ibis_types.Value], op: ops.RowOp):
-                if pass_op:
-                    return impl(*args, op=op)
-                else:
-                    return impl(*args)
-
-            self._register(key, normalized_impl)
-            return impl
-
-        return decorator
-
-    def _register(
-        self,
-        op_name: str,
-        impl: typing.Callable[
-            [typing.Sequence[ibis_types.Value], ops.RowOp], ibis_types.Value
-        ],
-    ):
-        if op_name in self._registry:
-            raise ValueError(f"Operation name {op_name} already registered")
-        self._registry[op_name] = impl
-
-
-# Singleton compiler
-scalar_op_compiler = ScalarOpCompiler()
-
-
 ### Unary Ops
-@scalar_op_compiler.register_unary_op(ops.isnull_op)
-def isnull_op_impl(x: ibis_types.Value):
-    return x.isnull()
-
-
-@scalar_op_compiler.register_unary_op(ops.notnull_op)
-def notnull_op_impl(x: ibis_types.Value):
-    return x.notnull()
-
-
 @scalar_op_compiler.register_unary_op(ops.hash_op)
 def hash_op_impl(x: ibis_types.Value):
     return typing.cast(ibis_types.IntegerValue, x).hash()
diff --git a/bigframes/core/compile/polars/__init__.py b/bigframes/core/compile/polars/__init__.py
index 8c37e046ab..7ae6fcc755 100644
--- a/bigframes/core/compile/polars/__init__.py
+++ b/bigframes/core/compile/polars/__init__.py
@@ -11,16 +11,30 @@
 # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
+
+"""Compiler for BigFrames expression to Polars LazyFrame expression.
+
+Make sure to import all polars implementations here so that they get registered.
+"""
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import warnings
 
+# The ops imports appear first so that the implementations can be registered.
+# polars shouldn't be needed at import time, as register is a no-op if polars
+# isn't installed.
+import bigframes.core.compile.polars.operations.generic_ops  # noqa: F401
+
 try:
-    import polars  # noqa
+    import bigframes._importing
+
+    # Use import_polars() instead of importing directly so that we check the
+    # version numbers.
+    bigframes._importing.import_polars()
 
     from bigframes.core.compile.polars.compiler import PolarsCompiler
 
     __all__ = ["PolarsCompiler"]
-except Exception:
-    msg = "Polars compiler not available as polars is not installed."
+except Exception as exc:
+    msg = f"Polars compiler not available as there was an exception importing polars. Details: {str(exc)}"
     warnings.warn(msg)
diff --git a/bigframes/core/compile/polars/compiler.py b/bigframes/core/compile/polars/compiler.py
index e1531ee9e5..f3088d69a8 100644
--- a/bigframes/core/compile/polars/compiler.py
+++ b/bigframes/core/compile/polars/compiler.py
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 import functools
 import itertools
 import operator
-from typing import cast, Literal, Optional, Sequence, Tuple, TYPE_CHECKING
+from typing import cast, Literal, Optional, Sequence, Tuple, Type, TYPE_CHECKING
 
 import pandas as pd
 
@@ -42,10 +42,35 @@
     import polars as pl
 else:
     try:
-        import polars as pl
+        import bigframes._importing
+
+        # Use import_polars() instead of importing directly so that we check
+        # the version numbers.
+        pl = bigframes._importing.import_polars()
     except Exception:
         polars_installed = False
 
+
+def register_op(op: Type):
+    """Register a compilation from BigFrames to Ibis.
+
+    This decorator can be used, even if Polars is not installed.
+
+    Args:
+        op: The type of the operator the wrapped function compiles.
+    """
+
+    def decorator(func):
+        if polars_installed:
+            # Ignore the type because compile_op is a generic Callable, so
+            # register isn't available according to mypy.
+            return PolarsExpressionCompiler.compile_op.register(op)(func)  # type: ignore
+        else:
+            return func
+
+    return decorator
+
+
 if polars_installed:
     _DTYPE_MAPPING = {
         # Direct mappings
@@ -238,14 +263,6 @@ def _(self, op: ops.ScalarOp, input: pl.Expr) -> pl.Expr:
             else:
                 return input.is_in(op.values) or input.is_null()
 
-        @compile_op.register(gen_ops.IsNullOp)
-        def _(self, op: ops.ScalarOp, input: pl.Expr) -> pl.Expr:
-            return input.is_null()
-
-        @compile_op.register(gen_ops.NotNullOp)
-        def _(self, op: ops.ScalarOp, input: pl.Expr) -> pl.Expr:
-            return input.is_not_null()
-
         @compile_op.register(gen_ops.FillNaOp)
         @compile_op.register(gen_ops.CoalesceOp)
         def _(self, op: ops.ScalarOp, l_input: pl.Expr, r_input: pl.Expr) -> pl.Expr:
diff --git a/tests/system/small/pandas/core/methods/__init__.py b/bigframes/core/compile/polars/operations/__init__.py
similarity index 66%
rename from tests/system/small/pandas/core/methods/__init__.py
rename to bigframes/core/compile/polars/operations/__init__.py
index 0a2669d7a2..26444dcb67 100644
--- a/tests/system/small/pandas/core/methods/__init__.py
+++ b/bigframes/core/compile/polars/operations/__init__.py
@@ -11,3 +11,11 @@
 # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
+
+"""Operation implementations for the Polars LazyFrame compiler.
+
+This directory structure should reflect the same layout as the
+`bigframes/operations` directory where the operations are defined.
+
+Prefer small groups of ops per file to keep file sizes manageable for text editors and LLMs.
+"""
diff --git a/bigframes/core/compile/polars/operations/generic_ops.py b/bigframes/core/compile/polars/operations/generic_ops.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..de0e987aa2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bigframes/core/compile/polars/operations/generic_ops.py
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+"""
+BigFrames -> Polars compilation for the operations in bigframes.operations.generic_ops.
+
+Please keep implementations in sequential order by op name.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+import bigframes.core.compile.polars.compiler as polars_compiler
+from bigframes.operations import generic_ops
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import polars as pl
+
+
+@polars_compiler.register_op(generic_ops.NotNullOp)
+def notnull_op_impl(
+    compiler: polars_compiler.PolarsExpressionCompiler,
+    op: generic_ops.NotNullOp,  # type: ignore
+    input: pl.Expr,
+) -> pl.Expr:
+    return input.is_not_null()
+
+
+@polars_compiler.register_op(generic_ops.IsNullOp)
+def isnull_op_impl(
+    compiler: polars_compiler.PolarsExpressionCompiler,
+    op: generic_ops.IsNullOp,  # type: ignore
+    input: pl.Expr,
+) -> pl.Expr:
+    return input.is_null()
diff --git a/noxfile.py b/noxfile.py
index 2d0edfc1b0..7adf499a08 100644
--- a/noxfile.py
+++ b/noxfile.py
@@ -78,15 +78,20 @@
 ]
 UNIT_TEST_LOCAL_DEPENDENCIES: List[str] = []
 UNIT_TEST_DEPENDENCIES: List[str] = []
-UNIT_TEST_EXTRAS: List[str] = ["tests", "anywidget"]
+UNIT_TEST_EXTRAS: List[str] = ["tests"]
 UNIT_TEST_EXTRAS_BY_PYTHON: Dict[str, List[str]] = {
-    "3.12": ["tests", "polars", "scikit-learn", "anywidget"],
+    "3.10": ["tests", "scikit-learn", "anywidget"],
+    "3.11": ["tests", "polars", "scikit-learn", "anywidget"],
+    # Make sure we leave some versions without "extras" so we know those
+    # dependencies are actually optional.
+    "3.13": ["tests", "polars", "scikit-learn", "anywidget"],
 }
 
+# 3.11 is used by colab.
 # 3.10 is needed for Windows tests as it is the only version installed in the
 # bigframes-windows container image. For more information, search
 # bigframes/windows-docker, internally.
-SYSTEM_TEST_PYTHON_VERSIONS = ["3.9", "3.10", "3.12", "3.13"]
+SYSTEM_TEST_PYTHON_VERSIONS = ["3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.13"]
 SYSTEM_TEST_STANDARD_DEPENDENCIES = [
     "jinja2",
     "mock",
@@ -105,12 +110,13 @@
 ]
 SYSTEM_TEST_LOCAL_DEPENDENCIES: List[str] = []
 SYSTEM_TEST_DEPENDENCIES: List[str] = []
-SYSTEM_TEST_EXTRAS: List[str] = []
+SYSTEM_TEST_EXTRAS: List[str] = ["tests"]
 SYSTEM_TEST_EXTRAS_BY_PYTHON: Dict[str, List[str]] = {
-    "3.9": ["tests", "anywidget"],
-    "3.10": ["tests", "polars"],
-    "3.12": ["tests", "scikit-learn", "polars", "anywidget"],
-    "3.13": ["tests", "polars"],
+    # Make sure we leave some versions without "extras" so we know those
+    # dependencies are actually optional.
+    "3.10": ["tests", "scikit-learn", "anywidget"],
+    "3.11": ["tests", "scikit-learn", "polars", "anywidget"],
+    "3.13": ["tests", "polars", "anywidget"],
 }
 
 LOGGING_NAME_ENV_VAR = "BIGFRAMES_PERFORMANCE_LOG_NAME"
@@ -120,8 +126,8 @@
 # Sessions are executed in the order so putting the smaller sessions
 # ahead to fail fast at presubmit running.
 nox.options.sessions = [
-    "system-3.9",
-    "system-3.12",
+    "system-3.9",  # No extras.
+    "system-3.11",
     "cover",
     # TODO(b/401609005): remove
     "cleanup",
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index bc42cc4281..2aef514749 100644
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -76,8 +76,8 @@
         "google-cloud-bigtable >=2.24.0",
         "google-cloud-pubsub >=2.21.4",
     ],
-    # used for local engine, which is only needed for unit tests at present.
-    "polars": ["polars >= 1.7.0"],
+    # used for local engine
+    "polars": ["polars >= 1.21.0"],
     "scikit-learn": ["scikit-learn>=1.2.2"],
     # Packages required for basic development flow.
     "dev": [
diff --git a/testing/constraints-3.10.txt b/testing/constraints-3.10.txt
index 12ad443aab..1695a4806b 100644
--- a/testing/constraints-3.10.txt
+++ b/testing/constraints-3.10.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-# Keep in sync with colab/containers/requirements.core.in image
+# When we drop Python 3.9,
+# please keep these in sync with the minimum versions in setup.py
 google-auth==2.27.0
 ipykernel==5.5.6
 ipython==7.34.0
@@ -15,4 +16,4 @@ matplotlib==3.7.1
 psutil==5.9.5
 seaborn==0.13.1
 traitlets==5.7.1
-polars==1.7.0
+polars==1.21.0
diff --git a/testing/constraints-3.11.txt b/testing/constraints-3.11.txt
index e69de29bb2..8fd20d453b 100644
--- a/testing/constraints-3.11.txt
+++ b/testing/constraints-3.11.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,621 @@
+# Keep in sync with %pip freeze in colab.
+# Note: These are just constraints, so it's ok to have extra packages we
+# aren't installing, except in the version that gets used for prerelease
+# tests.
+absl-py==1.4.0
+accelerate==1.9.0
+aiofiles==24.1.0
+aiohappyeyeballs==2.6.1
+aiohttp==3.12.15
+aiosignal==1.4.0
+alabaster==1.0.0
+albucore==0.0.24
+albumentations==2.0.8
+ale-py==0.11.2
+altair==5.5.0
+annotated-types==0.7.0
+antlr4-python3-runtime==4.9.3
+anyio==4.10.0
+anywidget==0.9.18
+argon2-cffi==25.1.0
+argon2-cffi-bindings==25.1.0
+array_record==0.7.2
+arviz==0.22.0
+astropy==7.1.0
+astropy-iers-data==0.2025.8.4.0.42.59
+astunparse==1.6.3
+atpublic==5.1
+attrs==25.3.0
+audioread==3.0.1
+autograd==1.8.0
+babel==2.17.0
+backcall==0.2.0
+backports.tarfile==1.2.0
+beautifulsoup4==4.13.4
+betterproto==2.0.0b6
+bigquery-magics==0.10.2
+bleach==6.2.0
+blinker==1.9.0
+blis==1.3.0
+blobfile==3.0.0
+blosc2==3.6.1
+bokeh==3.7.3
+Bottleneck==1.4.2
+bqplot==0.12.45
+branca==0.8.1
+Brotli==1.1.0
+build==1.3.0
+CacheControl==0.14.3
+cachetools==5.5.2
+catalogue==2.0.10
+certifi==2025.8.3
+cffi==1.17.1
+chardet==5.2.0
+charset-normalizer==3.4.2
+chex==0.1.90
+clarabel==0.11.1
+click==8.2.1
+cloudpathlib==0.21.1
+cloudpickle==3.1.1
+cmake==3.31.6
+cmdstanpy==1.2.5
+colorcet==3.1.0
+colorlover==0.3.0
+colour==0.1.5
+community==1.0.0b1
+confection==0.1.5
+cons==0.4.7
+contourpy==1.3.3
+cramjam==2.11.0
+cryptography==43.0.3
+cuda-python==12.6.2.post1
+cudf-polars-cu12==25.6.0
+cufflinks==0.17.3
+cuml-cu12==25.6.0
+cupy-cuda12x==13.3.0
+curl_cffi==0.12.0
+cuvs-cu12==25.6.1
+cvxopt==1.3.2
+cvxpy==1.6.7
+cycler==0.12.1
+cyipopt==1.5.0
+cymem==2.0.11
+Cython==3.0.12
+dask==2025.5.0
+dask-cuda==25.6.0
+dask-cudf-cu12==25.6.0
+dataproc-spark-connect==0.8.3
+datasets==4.0.0
+db-dtypes==1.4.3
+dbus-python==1.2.18
+debugpy==1.8.15
+decorator==4.4.2
+defusedxml==0.7.1
+diffusers==0.34.0
+dill==0.3.8
+distributed==2025.5.0
+distributed-ucxx-cu12==0.44.0
+distro==1.9.0
+dlib==19.24.6
+dm-tree==0.1.9
+docstring_parser==0.17.0
+docutils==0.21.2
+dopamine_rl==4.1.2
+duckdb==1.3.2
+earthengine-api==1.5.24
+easydict==1.13
+editdistance==0.8.1
+eerepr==0.1.2
+einops==0.8.1
+entrypoints==0.4
+et_xmlfile==2.0.0
+etils==1.13.0
+etuples==0.3.10
+Farama-Notifications==0.0.4
+fastai==2.7.19
+fastapi==0.116.1
+fastcore==1.7.29
+fastdownload==0.0.7
+fastjsonschema==2.21.1
+fastprogress==1.0.3
+fastrlock==0.8.3
+ffmpy==0.6.1
+filelock==3.18.0
+firebase-admin==6.9.0
+Flask==3.1.1
+flatbuffers==25.2.10
+flax==0.10.6
+folium==0.20.0
+fonttools==4.59.0
+frozendict==2.4.6
+frozenlist==1.7.0
+fsspec==2025.3.0
+future==1.0.0
+gast==0.6.0
+gcsfs==2025.3.0
+GDAL==3.8.4
+gdown==5.2.0
+geemap==0.35.3
+geocoder==1.38.1
+geographiclib==2.0
+geopandas==1.1.1
+geopy==2.4.1
+gin-config==0.5.0
+gitdb==4.0.12
+GitPython==3.1.45
+glob2==0.7
+google==2.0.3
+google-ai-generativelanguage==0.6.15
+google-api-core==2.25.1
+google-api-python-client==2.177.0
+google-auth==2.38.0
+google-auth-httplib2==0.2.0
+google-auth-oauthlib==1.2.2
+google-cloud-aiplatform==1.106.0
+google-cloud-bigquery==3.35.1
+google-cloud-bigquery-connection==1.18.3
+google-cloud-bigquery-storage==2.32.0
+google-cloud-core==2.4.3
+google-cloud-dataproc==5.21.0
+google-cloud-datastore==2.21.0
+google-cloud-firestore==2.21.0
+google-cloud-functions==1.20.4
+google-cloud-language==2.17.2
+google-cloud-resource-manager==1.14.2
+google-cloud-spanner==3.56.0
+google-cloud-storage==2.19.0
+google-cloud-translate==3.21.1
+google-crc32c==1.7.1
+google-genai==1.28.0
+google-generativeai==0.8.5
+google-pasta==0.2.0
+google-resumable-media==2.7.2
+googleapis-common-protos==1.70.0
+googledrivedownloader==1.1.0
+gradio==5.39.0
+gradio_client==1.11.0
+graphviz==0.21
+greenlet==3.2.3
+groovy==0.1.2
+grpc-google-iam-v1==0.14.2
+grpc-interceptor==0.15.4
+grpcio==1.74.0
+grpcio-status==1.71.2
+grpclib==0.4.8
+gspread==6.2.1
+gspread-dataframe==4.0.0
+gym==0.25.2
+gym-notices==0.1.0
+gymnasium==1.2.0
+h11==0.16.0
+h2==4.2.0
+h5netcdf==1.6.3
+h5py==3.14.0
+hdbscan==0.8.40
+hf-xet==1.1.5
+hf_transfer==0.1.9
+highspy==1.11.0
+holidays==0.78
+holoviews==1.21.0
+hpack==4.1.0
+html5lib==1.1
+httpcore==1.0.9
+httpimport==1.4.1
+httplib2==0.22.0
+httpx==0.28.1
+huggingface-hub==0.34.3
+humanize==4.12.3
+hyperframe==6.1.0
+hyperopt==0.2.7
+ibis-framework==9.5.0
+idna==3.10
+imageio==2.37.0
+imageio-ffmpeg==0.6.0
+imagesize==1.4.1
+imbalanced-learn==0.13.0
+immutabledict==4.2.1
+importlib_metadata==8.7.0
+importlib_resources==6.5.2
+imutils==0.5.4
+inflect==7.5.0
+iniconfig==2.1.0
+intel-cmplr-lib-ur==2025.2.0
+intel-openmp==2025.2.0
+ipyevents==2.0.2
+ipyfilechooser==0.6.0
+ipykernel==6.17.1
+ipyleaflet==0.20.0
+ipyparallel==8.8.0
+ipython==7.34.0
+ipython-genutils==0.2.0
+ipython-sql==0.5.0
+ipytree==0.2.2
+ipywidgets==7.7.1
+itsdangerous==2.2.0
+jaraco.classes==3.4.0
+jaraco.context==6.0.1
+jaraco.functools==4.2.1
+jax==0.5.3
+jax-cuda12-pjrt==0.5.3
+jax-cuda12-plugin==0.5.3
+jaxlib==0.5.3
+jeepney==0.9.0
+jieba==0.42.1
+Jinja2==3.1.6
+jiter==0.10.0
+joblib==1.5.1
+jsonpatch==1.33
+jsonpickle==4.1.1
+jsonpointer==3.0.0
+jsonschema==4.25.0
+jsonschema-specifications==2025.4.1
+jupyter-client==6.1.12
+jupyter-console==6.1.0
+jupyter-leaflet==0.20.0
+jupyter-server==1.16.0
+jupyter_core==5.8.1
+jupyterlab_pygments==0.3.0
+jupyterlab_widgets==3.0.15
+jupytext==1.17.2
+kaggle==1.7.4.5
+kagglehub==0.3.12
+keras==3.10.0
+keras-hub==0.21.1
+keras-nlp==0.21.1
+keyring==25.6.0
+keyrings.google-artifactregistry-auth==1.1.2
+kiwisolver==1.4.8
+langchain==0.3.27
+langchain-core==0.3.72
+langchain-text-splitters==0.3.9
+langcodes==3.5.0
+langsmith==0.4.10
+language_data==1.3.0
+launchpadlib==1.10.16
+lazr.restfulclient==0.14.4
+lazr.uri==1.0.6
+lazy_loader==0.4
+libclang==18.1.1
+libcugraph-cu12==25.6.0
+libcuml-cu12==25.6.0
+libcuvs-cu12==25.6.1
+libkvikio-cu12==25.6.0
+libpysal==4.13.0
+libraft-cu12==25.6.0
+librmm-cu12==25.6.0
+librosa==0.11.0
+libucx-cu12==1.18.1
+libucxx-cu12==0.44.0
+linkify-it-py==2.0.3
+llvmlite==0.43.0
+locket==1.0.0
+logical-unification==0.4.6
+lxml==5.4.0
+Mako==1.1.3
+marisa-trie==1.2.1
+Markdown==3.8.2
+markdown-it-py==3.0.0
+MarkupSafe==3.0.2
+matplotlib==3.10.0
+matplotlib-inline==0.1.7
+matplotlib-venn==1.1.2
+mdit-py-plugins==0.4.2
+mdurl==0.1.2
+miniKanren==1.0.5
+missingno==0.5.2
+mistune==3.1.3
+mizani==0.13.5
+mkl==2025.2.0
+ml_dtypes==0.5.3
+mlxtend==0.23.4
+more-itertools==10.7.0
+moviepy==1.0.3
+mpmath==1.3.0
+msgpack==1.1.1
+multidict==6.6.3
+multipledispatch==1.0.0
+multiprocess==0.70.16
+multitasking==0.0.12
+murmurhash==1.0.13
+music21==9.3.0
+namex==0.1.0
+narwhals==2.0.1
+natsort==8.4.0
+nbclassic==1.3.1
+nbclient==0.10.2
+nbconvert==7.16.6
+nbformat==5.10.4
+ndindex==1.10.0
+nest-asyncio==1.6.0
+networkx==3.5
+nibabel==5.3.2
+nltk==3.9.1
+notebook==6.5.7
+notebook_shim==0.2.4
+numba==0.60.0
+numba-cuda==0.11.0
+numexpr==2.11.0
+numpy==2.0.2
+nvidia-cublas-cu12==12.5.3.2
+nvidia-cuda-cupti-cu12==12.5.82
+nvidia-cuda-nvcc-cu12==12.5.82
+nvidia-cuda-nvrtc-cu12==12.5.82
+nvidia-cuda-runtime-cu12==12.5.82
+nvidia-cudnn-cu12==9.3.0.75
+nvidia-cufft-cu12==11.2.3.61
+nvidia-curand-cu12==10.3.6.82
+nvidia-cusolver-cu12==11.6.3.83
+nvidia-cusparse-cu12==12.5.1.3
+nvidia-cusparselt-cu12==0.6.2
+nvidia-ml-py==12.575.51
+nvidia-nccl-cu12==2.23.4
+nvidia-nvjitlink-cu12==12.5.82
+nvidia-nvtx-cu12==12.4.127
+nvtx==0.2.13
+oauth2client==4.1.3
+oauthlib==3.3.1
+omegaconf==2.3.0
+openai==1.98.0
+opencv-contrib-python==4.12.0.88
+opencv-python==4.12.0.88
+opencv-python-headless==4.12.0.88
+openpyxl==3.1.5
+opt_einsum==3.4.0
+optax==0.2.5
+optree==0.17.0
+orbax-checkpoint==0.11.20
+orjson==3.11.1
+osqp==1.0.4
+packaging==25.0
+pandas==2.2.2
+pandas-datareader==0.10.0
+pandas-gbq==0.29.2
+pandas-stubs==2.2.2.240909
+pandocfilters==1.5.1
+panel==1.7.5
+param==2.2.1
+parso==0.8.4
+parsy==2.1
+partd==1.4.2
+patsy==1.0.1
+peewee==3.18.2
+peft==0.17.0
+pexpect==4.9.0
+pickleshare==0.7.5
+pillow==11.3.0
+platformdirs==4.3.8
+plotly==5.24.1
+plotnine==0.14.5
+pluggy==1.6.0
+ply==3.11
+polars==1.25.2
+pooch==1.8.2
+portpicker==1.5.2
+preshed==3.0.10
+prettytable==3.16.0
+proglog==0.1.12
+progressbar2==4.5.0
+prometheus_client==0.22.1
+promise==2.3
+prompt_toolkit==3.0.51
+propcache==0.3.2
+prophet==1.1.7
+proto-plus==1.26.1
+protobuf==5.29.5
+psutil==5.9.5
+psycopg2==2.9.10
+psygnal==0.14.0
+ptyprocess==0.7.0
+py-cpuinfo==9.0.0
+py4j==0.10.9.7
+pyarrow==18.1.0
+pyasn1==0.6.1
+pyasn1_modules==0.4.2
+pycairo==1.28.0
+pycocotools==2.0.10
+pycparser==2.22
+pycryptodomex==3.23.0
+pydantic==2.11.7
+pydantic_core==2.33.2
+pydata-google-auth==1.9.1
+pydot==3.0.4
+pydotplus==2.0.2
+PyDrive2==1.21.3
+pydub==0.25.1
+pyerfa==2.0.1.5
+pygame==2.6.1
+pygit2==1.18.1
+Pygments==2.19.2
+PyGObject==3.42.0
+PyJWT==2.10.1
+pylibcugraph-cu12==25.6.0
+pylibraft-cu12==25.6.0
+pymc==5.25.1
+pynndescent==0.5.13
+pynvjitlink-cu12==0.7.0
+pynvml==12.0.0
+pyogrio==0.11.1
+pyomo==6.9.2
+PyOpenGL==3.1.9
+pyOpenSSL==24.2.1
+pyparsing==3.2.3
+pyperclip==1.9.0
+pyproj==3.7.1
+pyproject_hooks==1.2.0
+pyshp==2.3.1
+PySocks==1.7.1
+pyspark==3.5.1
+pytensor==2.31.7
+python-apt==0.0.0
+python-box==7.3.2
+python-dateutil==2.9.0.post0
+python-louvain==0.16
+python-multipart==0.0.20
+python-slugify==8.0.4
+python-snappy==0.7.3
+python-utils==3.9.1
+pytz==2025.2
+pyviz_comms==3.0.6
+PyWavelets==1.9.0
+PyYAML==6.0.2
+pyzmq==26.2.1
+raft-dask-cu12==25.6.0
+rapids-dask-dependency==25.6.0
+rapids-logger==0.1.1
+ratelim==0.1.6
+referencing==0.36.2
+regex==2024.11.6
+requests==2.32.3
+requests-oauthlib==2.0.0
+requests-toolbelt==1.0.0
+requirements-parser==0.9.0
+rich==13.9.4
+rmm-cu12==25.6.0
+roman-numerals-py==3.1.0
+rpds-py==0.26.0
+rpy2==3.5.17
+rsa==4.9.1
+ruff==0.12.7
+safehttpx==0.1.6
+safetensors==0.5.3
+scikit-image==0.25.2
+scikit-learn==1.6.1
+scipy==1.16.1
+scooby==0.10.1
+scs==3.2.7.post2
+seaborn==0.13.2
+SecretStorage==3.3.3
+semantic-version==2.10.0
+Send2Trash==1.8.3
+sentence-transformers==4.1.0
+sentencepiece==0.2.0
+sentry-sdk==2.34.1
+shap==0.48.0
+shapely==2.1.1
+shellingham==1.5.4
+simple-parsing==0.1.7
+simplejson==3.20.1
+simsimd==6.5.0
+six==1.17.0
+sklearn-compat==0.1.3
+sklearn-pandas==2.2.0
+slicer==0.0.8
+smart_open==7.3.0.post1
+smmap==5.0.2
+sniffio==1.3.1
+snowballstemmer==3.0.1
+sortedcontainers==2.4.0
+soundfile==0.13.1
+soupsieve==2.7
+soxr==0.5.0.post1
+spacy==3.8.7
+spacy-legacy==3.0.12
+spacy-loggers==1.0.5
+spanner-graph-notebook==1.1.7
+Sphinx==8.2.3
+sphinxcontrib-applehelp==2.0.0
+sphinxcontrib-devhelp==2.0.0
+sphinxcontrib-htmlhelp==2.1.0
+sphinxcontrib-jsmath==1.0.1
+sphinxcontrib-qthelp==2.0.0
+sphinxcontrib-serializinghtml==2.0.0
+SQLAlchemy==2.0.42
+sqlglot==25.20.2
+sqlparse==0.5.3
+srsly==2.5.1
+stanio==0.5.1
+starlette==0.47.2
+statsmodels==0.14.5
+stringzilla==3.12.5
+stumpy==1.13.0
+sympy==1.13.1
+tables==3.10.2
+tabulate==0.9.0
+tbb==2022.2.0
+tblib==3.1.0
+tcmlib==1.4.0
+tenacity==8.5.0
+tensorboard==2.19.0
+tensorboard-data-server==0.7.2
+tensorflow==2.19.0
+tensorflow-datasets==4.9.9
+tensorflow-hub==0.16.1
+tensorflow-io-gcs-filesystem==0.37.1
+tensorflow-metadata==1.17.2
+tensorflow-probability==0.25.0
+tensorflow-text==2.19.0
+tensorflow_decision_forests==1.12.0
+tensorstore==0.1.76
+termcolor==3.1.0
+terminado==0.18.1
+text-unidecode==1.3
+textblob==0.19.0
+tf-slim==1.1.0
+tf_keras==2.19.0
+thinc==8.3.6
+threadpoolctl==3.6.0
+tifffile==2025.6.11
+tiktoken==0.9.0
+timm==1.0.19
+tinycss2==1.4.0
+tokenizers==0.21.4
+toml==0.10.2
+tomlkit==0.13.3
+toolz==0.12.1
+torchao==0.10.0
+torchdata==0.11.0
+torchsummary==1.5.1
+torchtune==0.6.1
+tornado==6.4.2
+tqdm==4.67.1
+traitlets==5.7.1
+traittypes==0.2.1
+transformers==4.54.1
+treelite==4.4.1
+treescope==0.1.9
+triton==3.2.0
+tsfresh==0.21.0
+tweepy==4.16.0
+typeguard==4.4.4
+typer==0.16.0
+types-pytz==2025.2.0.20250516
+types-setuptools==80.9.0.20250801
+typing-inspection==0.4.1
+typing_extensions==4.14.1
+tzdata==2025.2
+tzlocal==5.3.1
+uc-micro-py==1.0.3
+ucx-py-cu12==0.44.0
+ucxx-cu12==0.44.0
+umap-learn==0.5.9.post2
+umf==0.11.0
+uritemplate==4.2.0
+urllib3==2.5.0
+uvicorn==0.35.0
+vega-datasets==0.9.0
+wadllib==1.3.6
+wandb==0.21.0
+wasabi==1.1.3
+wcwidth==0.2.13
+weasel==0.4.1
+webcolors==24.11.1
+webencodings==0.5.1
+websocket-client==1.8.0
+websockets==15.0.1
+Werkzeug==3.1.3
+widgetsnbextension==3.6.10
+wordcloud==1.9.4
+wrapt==1.17.2
+wurlitzer==3.1.1
+xarray==2025.7.1
+xarray-einstats==0.9.1
+xgboost==3.0.3
+xlrd==2.0.2
+xxhash==3.5.0
+xyzservices==2025.4.0
+yarl==1.20.1
+ydf==0.13.0
+yellowbrick==1.5
+yfinance==0.2.65
+zict==3.0.0
+zipp==3.23.0
diff --git a/tests/system/small/pandas/core/methods/test_describe.py b/tests/system/small/pandas/test_describe.py
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/system/small/pandas/core/methods/test_describe.py
rename to tests/system/small/pandas/test_describe.py
diff --git a/tests/system/small/pandas/io/api/test_read_gbq_colab.py b/tests/system/small/pandas/test_read_gbq_colab.py
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/system/small/pandas/io/api/test_read_gbq_colab.py
rename to tests/system/small/pandas/test_read_gbq_colab.py
diff --git a/tests/system/small/test_polars_execution.py b/tests/system/small/test_polars_execution.py
index 1568a76ec9..916780b1ce 100644
--- a/tests/system/small/test_polars_execution.py
+++ b/tests/system/small/test_polars_execution.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 import bigframes
 from bigframes.testing.utils import assert_pandas_df_equal
 
-polars = pytest.importorskip("polars", reason="polars is required for this test")
+polars = pytest.importorskip("polars")
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(scope="module")