Merge branch 'main' into docs-default-args

Author: jeff14994

Doc/library/annotationlib.rst

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 .. module:: annotationlib
    :synopsis: Functionality for introspecting annotations
 
+.. versionadded:: 3.14
 
 **Source code:** :source:`Lib/annotationlib.py`
 

Doc/library/mmap.rst

@@ -324,10 +324,10 @@ To map anonymous memory, -1 should be passed as the fileno along with the length
 
       Return the length of the file, which can be larger than the size of the
       memory-mapped area.
-      For anonymous mapping, return its size.
+      For an anonymous mapping, return its size.
 
       .. versionchanged:: next
-         Supports anonymous mapping on Unix.
+         Anonymous mappings are now supported on Unix.
 
 
    .. method:: tell()

Doc/library/random.rst

@@ -630,7 +630,8 @@ Recipes
 -------
 
 These recipes show how to efficiently make random selections
-from the combinatoric iterators in the :mod:`itertools` module:
+from the combinatoric iterators in the :mod:`itertools` module
+or the :pypi:`more-itertools` project:
 
 .. testcode::
    import random
@@ -661,6 +662,17 @@ from the combinatoric iterators in the :mod:`itertools` module:
        indices = sorted(random.choices(range(n), k=r))
        return tuple(pool[i] for i in indices)
 
+   def random_derangement(iterable):
+       "Choose a permutation where no element is in its original position."
+       seq = tuple(iterable)
+       if len(seq) < 2:
+           raise ValueError('derangments require at least two values')
+       perm = list(seq)
+       while True:
+           random.shuffle(perm)
+           if all(p != q for p, q in zip(seq, perm)):
+               return tuple(perm)
+
 The default :func:`.random` returns multiples of 2⁻⁵³ in the range
 *0.0 ≤ x < 1.0*.  All such numbers are evenly spaced and are exactly
 representable as Python floats.  However, many other representable

Doc/tutorial/datastructures.rst

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ objects:
 .. method:: list.index(x[, start[, end]])
    :noindex:
 
-   Return zero-based index in the list of the first item whose value is equal to *x*.
+   Return zero-based index of the first occurrence of *x* in the list.
    Raises a :exc:`ValueError` if there is no such item.
 
    The optional arguments *start* and *end* are interpreted as in the slice

Lib/test/test_interpreters/test_api.py

@@ -2204,6 +2204,16 @@ def test_whence(self):
             whence = eval(text)
             self.assertEqual(whence, _interpreters.WHENCE_LEGACY_CAPI)
 
+    def test_contextvars_missing(self):
+        script = f"""
+            import contextvars
+            print(getattr(contextvars.Token, "MISSING", "'doesn't exist'"))
+            """
+
+        orig = _interpreters.create()
+        text = self.run_and_capture(orig, script)
+        self.assertEqual(text.strip(), "<Token.MISSING>")
+
     def test_is_running(self):
         def check(interpid, expected):
             with self.assertRaisesRegex(InterpreterError, 'unrecognized'):

Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core_and_Builtins/2025-09-05-01-19-04.gh-issue-138192.erluq5.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Fix :mod:`contextvars` initialization so that all subinterpreters are assigned the
+:attr:`~contextvars.Token.MISSING` value.

Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2021-03-07-16-31-36.bpo-43429.Koa0mf.rst

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 The :meth:`~mmap.mmap.size` method of the :class:`mmap.mmap` class now
 returns the size of an anonymous mapping on both Unix and Windows.
 Previously, the size would be returned on Windows and an :exc:`OSError`
-would be raised on Unix.
-Raise :exc:`ValueError` instead of :exc:`OSError` with ``trackfd=False``.
+would be raised on Unix. :exc:`ValueError` is now raised instead of
+:exc:`OSError` when ``trackfd=False``.

Objects/odictobject.c

@@ -1519,7 +1519,7 @@ odict_init(PyObject *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)
     if (len == -1)
         return -1;
     if (len > 1) {
-        const char *msg = "expected at most 1 arguments, got %zd";
+        const char *msg = "expected at most 1 argument, got %zd";
         PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, msg, len);
         return -1;
     }

Python/context.c

@@ -1360,11 +1360,8 @@ get_token_missing(void)
 PyStatus
 _PyContext_Init(PyInterpreterState *interp)
 {
-    if (!_Py_IsMainInterpreter(interp)) {
-        return _PyStatus_OK();
-    }
-
     PyObject *missing = get_token_missing();
+    assert(PyUnstable_IsImmortal(missing));
     if (PyDict_SetItemString(
         _PyType_GetDict(&PyContextToken_Type), "MISSING", missing))
     {