diff --git a/lib/rdoc/code_object.rb b/lib/rdoc/code_object.rb
index 388863b06c..4f5a998fc6 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/code_object.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/code_object.rb
@@ -277,7 +277,8 @@ def ignored?
   # The options instance from the store this CodeObject is attached to, or a
   # default options instance if the CodeObject is not attached.
   #
-  # This is used by Text#snippet
+  # Used by: store= (visibility check), ClassModule#path, TopLevel#path,
+  #          ClassModule#embed_mixins
 
   def options
     @store&.options || RDoc::Options.new
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/generator/markup.rb b/lib/rdoc/generator/markup.rb
index 1c39687040..dc4556c019 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/generator/markup.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/generator/markup.rb
@@ -37,7 +37,15 @@ def formatter
     options = @store.options
     this = RDoc::Context === self ? self : @parent
 
-    @formatter = RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlCrossref.new options, this.path, this
+    @formatter = RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlCrossref.new(
+      this.path, this,
+      pipe: options.pipe,
+      output_decoration: options.output_decoration,
+      hyperlink_all: options.hyperlink_all,
+      show_hash: options.show_hash,
+      autolink_excluded_words: options.autolink_excluded_words || [],
+      warn_missing_rdoc_ref: options.warn_missing_rdoc_ref
+    )
     @formatter.code_object = self
     @formatter
   end
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/formatter.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/formatter.rb
index e858aa3e74..433237393d 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/formatter.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/formatter.rb
@@ -48,10 +48,8 @@ def self.gen_relative_url(path, target)
   ##
   # Creates a new Formatter
 
-  def initialize(options, markup = nil)
-    @options = options
-
-    @markup = markup || RDoc::Markup.new
+  def initialize
+    @markup = RDoc::Markup.new
 
     @from_path = '.'
   end
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/heading.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/heading.rb
index 3936d836c8..0ceef85bd8 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/heading.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/heading.rb
@@ -52,10 +52,7 @@ def self.to_label
       #: () -> RDoc::Markup::ToHtml
       def self.to_html
         @to_html ||= begin
-          markup = Markup.new
-          markup.add_regexp_handling CrossReference::CROSSREF_REGEXP, :CROSSREF
-
-          to_html = Markup::ToHtml.new nil
+          to_html = Markup::ToHtml.new
 
           def to_html.handle_regexp_CROSSREF(text)
             text.sub(/^\\/, '')
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_ansi.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_ansi.rb
index b3556a0744..19a188d197 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_ansi.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_ansi.rb
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToAnsi < RDoc::Markup::ToRdoc
   ##
   # Creates a new ToAnsi visitor that is ready to output vibrant ANSI color!
 
-  def initialize(markup = nil)
+  def initialize
     super
 
     @headings.clear
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_bs.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_bs.rb
index f047e30803..f060d36523 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_bs.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_bs.rb
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToBs < RDoc::Markup::ToRdoc
   ##
   # Returns a new ToBs that is ready for hot backspace action!
 
-  def initialize(markup = nil)
+  def initialize
     super
 
     @in_b  = false
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html.rb
index 6d9899000e..90eff47840 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html.rb
@@ -43,9 +43,11 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToHtml < RDoc::Markup::Formatter
   ##
   # Creates a new formatter that will output HTML
 
-  def initialize(options, markup = nil)
-    super
+  def initialize(pipe: false, output_decoration: true)
+    super()
 
+    @pipe = pipe
+    @output_decoration = output_decoration
     @code_object = nil
     @from_path = ''
     @in_list_entry = nil
@@ -347,7 +349,7 @@ def accept_verbatim(verbatim)
                 CGI.escapeHTML text
               end
 
-    if @options.pipe then
+    if @pipe
       @res << "\n<pre><code>#{CGI.escapeHTML text}\n</code></pre>\n"
     else
       @res << "\n<pre#{klass}>#{content}</pre>\n"
@@ -418,17 +420,17 @@ def accept_heading(heading)
 
     # Add legacy anchor before the heading for backward compatibility.
     # This allows old links with label- prefix to still work.
-    if @options.output_decoration && !@options.pipe
+    if @output_decoration && !@pipe
       @res << "\n<span id=\"#{legacy_label}\" class=\"legacy-anchor\"></span>"
     end
 
-    @res << if @options.output_decoration
+    @res << if @output_decoration
               "\n<h#{level} id=\"#{label}\">"
             else
               "\n<h#{level}>"
             end
 
-    if @options.pipe
+    if @pipe
       @res << to_html(heading.text)
     else
       @res << "<a href=\"##{label}\">#{to_html(heading.text)}</a>"
@@ -586,19 +588,3 @@ def to_html(item)
     to_html_characters(handle_inline(item))
   end
 end
-
-##
-# Formatter dedicated to rendering tidy link labels without mutating the
-# calling formatter's state.
-
-class RDoc::Markup::LinkLabelToHtml < RDoc::Markup::ToHtml
-  def self.render(label, options, from_path)
-    new(options, from_path).to_html(label)
-  end
-
-  def initialize(options, from_path = nil)
-    super(options)
-
-    self.from_path = from_path if from_path
-  end
-end
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html_crossref.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html_crossref.rb
index 089f7fea8f..6e0d0793be 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html_crossref.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html_crossref.rb
@@ -29,15 +29,19 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlCrossref < RDoc::Markup::ToHtml
   # references are removed unless +show_hash+ is true.  Only method names
   # preceded by '#' or '::' are linked, unless +hyperlink_all+ is true.
 
-  def initialize(options, from_path, context, markup = nil)
+  def initialize(from_path, context, pipe: false, output_decoration: true,
+                 hyperlink_all: false, show_hash: false,
+                 autolink_excluded_words: [], warn_missing_rdoc_ref: true)
     raise ArgumentError, 'from_path cannot be nil' if from_path.nil?
 
-    super options, markup
+    super(pipe: pipe, output_decoration: output_decoration)
 
     @context       = context
     @from_path     = from_path
-    @hyperlink_all = @options.hyperlink_all
-    @show_hash     = @options.show_hash
+    @hyperlink_all = hyperlink_all
+    @show_hash     = show_hash
+    @autolink_excluded_words = autolink_excluded_words
+    @warn_missing_rdoc_ref = warn_missing_rdoc_ref
 
     @cross_reference = RDoc::CrossReference.new @context
   end
@@ -48,7 +52,7 @@ def init_link_notation_regexp_handlings
 
     # The crossref must be linked before tidylink because Klass.method[:sym]
     # will be processed as a tidylink first and will be broken.
-    crossref_re = @options.hyperlink_all ? ALL_CROSSREF_REGEXP : CROSSREF_REGEXP
+    crossref_re = @hyperlink_all ? ALL_CROSSREF_REGEXP : CROSSREF_REGEXP
     @markup.add_regexp_handling crossref_re, :CROSSREF
   end
 
@@ -83,7 +87,7 @@ def cross_reference(name, text = nil, code = true, rdoc_ref: false)
 
   def handle_regexp_CROSSREF(name)
     return convert_string(name) if in_tidylink_label?
-    return name if @options.autolink_excluded_words&.include?(name)
+    return name if @autolink_excluded_words&.include?(name)
 
     return name if name =~ /@[\w-]+\.[\w-]/ # labels that look like emails
 
@@ -159,7 +163,7 @@ def link(name, text, code = true, rdoc_ref: false)
 
     case ref
     when String then
-      if rdoc_ref && @options.warn_missing_rdoc_ref
+      if rdoc_ref && @warn_missing_rdoc_ref
         puts "#{@from_path}: `rdoc-ref:#{name}` can't be resolved for `#{text}`"
       end
       ref
@@ -224,7 +228,7 @@ def apply_tidylink_label_special_handling(label, url)
   def tt_cross_reference(code)
     return if in_tidylink_label?
 
-    crossref_regexp = @options.hyperlink_all ? ALL_CROSSREF_REGEXP : CROSSREF_REGEXP
+    crossref_regexp = @hyperlink_all ? ALL_CROSSREF_REGEXP : CROSSREF_REGEXP
     match = crossref_regexp.match(code)
     return unless match && match.begin(1).zero?
     return unless match.post_match.match?(/\A[[:punct:]\s]*\z/)
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html_snippet.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html_snippet.rb
index 52cc4543f3..6687dc59f6 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html_snippet.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html_snippet.rb
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlSnippet < RDoc::Markup::ToHtml
   # next word boundary after the given number of +characters+ or +paragraphs+
   # of text have been encountered.
 
-  def initialize(options, characters = 100, paragraphs = 3, markup = nil)
-    super options, markup
+  def initialize(characters = 100, paragraphs = 3)
+    super()
 
     @character_limit = characters
     @paragraph_limit = paragraphs
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_joined_paragraph.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_joined_paragraph.rb
index bdfd1fb436..27060e226c 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_joined_paragraph.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_joined_paragraph.rb
@@ -8,11 +8,6 @@
 # other markup syntax items will not work.
 
 class RDoc::Markup::ToJoinedParagraph < RDoc::Markup::Formatter
-
-  def initialize # :nodoc:
-    super nil
-  end
-
   def start_accepting # :nodoc:
   end
 
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_label.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_label.rb
index 4ab030bb70..ae11a5fe6b 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_label.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_label.rb
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToLabel < RDoc::Markup::Formatter
   ##
   # Creates a new formatter that will output HTML-safe labels
 
-  def initialize(markup = nil)
-    super nil, markup
+  def initialize
+    super
 
     @markup.add_regexp_handling RDoc::CrossReference::CROSSREF_REGEXP, :CROSSREF
 
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_markdown.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_markdown.rb
index 4c19e460c4..3c5c49f41a 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_markdown.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_markdown.rb
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToMarkdown < RDoc::Markup::ToRdoc
   ##
   # Creates a new formatter that will output Markdown format text
 
-  def initialize(markup = nil)
+  def initialize
     super
 
     @headings[1] = ['# ',      '']
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_rdoc.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_rdoc.rb
index 88caebd3c0..b788906d9c 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_rdoc.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_rdoc.rb
@@ -52,8 +52,8 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToRdoc < RDoc::Markup::Formatter
   ##
   # Creates a new formatter that will output (mostly) \RDoc markup
 
-  def initialize(markup = nil)
-    super nil, markup
+  def initialize
+    super
 
     @markup.add_regexp_handling(/\\\S/, :SUPPRESSED_CROSSREF)
     @width = 78
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_table_of_contents.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_table_of_contents.rb
index 3247bb8a73..31c849e7d6 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_table_of_contents.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_table_of_contents.rb
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ def self.to_toc
   attr_accessor :omit_headings_below
 
   def initialize # :nodoc:
-    super nil
+    super
 
     @omit_headings_below = nil
   end
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_tt_only.rb b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_tt_only.rb
index 19e3622f75..7f498003ec 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/markup/to_tt_only.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/markup/to_tt_only.rb
@@ -15,13 +15,6 @@ class RDoc::Markup::ToTtOnly < RDoc::Markup::Formatter
 
   attr_reader :res
 
-  ##
-  # Creates a new tt-only formatter.
-
-  def initialize(markup = nil)
-    super nil, markup
-  end
-
   ##
   # Adds tts from +block_quote+ to the output
 
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/rdoc.rb b/lib/rdoc/rdoc.rb
index 8beeac52f5..415abea520 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/rdoc.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/rdoc.rb
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ def gather_files(files)
   # Turns RDoc from stdin into HTML
 
   def handle_pipe
-    @html = RDoc::Markup::ToHtml.new @options
+    @html = RDoc::Markup::ToHtml.new(pipe: @options.pipe, output_decoration: @options.output_decoration)
 
     parser = RDoc::Text::MARKUP_FORMAT[@options.markup]
 
diff --git a/lib/rdoc/text.rb b/lib/rdoc/text.rb
index a7cca6e38d..fc16211df1 100644
--- a/lib/rdoc/text.rb
+++ b/lib/rdoc/text.rb
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ def parse(text, format = 'rdoc')
   def snippet(text, limit = 100)
     document = parse text
 
-    RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlSnippet.new(options, limit).convert document
+    RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlSnippet.new(limit).convert document
   end
 
   ##
diff --git a/test/rdoc/markup/formatter_test.rb b/test/rdoc/markup/formatter_test.rb
index 2ff7323622..304eebff24 100644
--- a/test/rdoc/markup/formatter_test.rb
+++ b/test/rdoc/markup/formatter_test.rb
@@ -5,8 +5,9 @@ class RDocMarkupFormatterTest < RDoc::TestCase
 
   class ToTest < RDoc::Markup::Formatter
 
-    def initialize(markup)
-      super nil, markup
+    def initialize(markup = nil)
+      super()
+      @markup = markup if markup
     end
 
     def accept_paragraph(paragraph)
diff --git a/test/rdoc/markup/markup_test.rb b/test/rdoc/markup/markup_test.rb
index 979d0a8c29..659ea8fc94 100644
--- a/test/rdoc/markup/markup_test.rb
+++ b/test/rdoc/markup/markup_test.rb
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ def test_convert
 
     m = RDoc::Markup.new
 
-    tt = RDoc::Markup::ToTest.new m
+    tt = RDoc::Markup::ToTest.new
 
     out = m.convert str, tt
 
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ def test_convert_document
 
     m = RDoc::Markup.new
 
-    tt = RDoc::Markup::ToTest.new m
+    tt = RDoc::Markup::ToTest.new
 
     out = m.convert doc, tt
 
diff --git a/test/rdoc/markup/to_html_crossref_test.rb b/test/rdoc/markup/to_html_crossref_test.rb
index 15a1d26913..9366de861e 100644
--- a/test/rdoc/markup/to_html_crossref_test.rb
+++ b/test/rdoc/markup/to_html_crossref_test.rb
@@ -7,10 +7,8 @@ class RDocMarkupToHtmlCrossrefTest < XrefTestCase
   def setup
     super
 
-    @options.hyperlink_all = true
-    @options.warn_missing_rdoc_ref = true
-
-    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlCrossref.new @options, 'index.html', @c1
+    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlCrossref.new 'index.html', @c1,
+      hyperlink_all: true, warn_missing_rdoc_ref: true
   end
 
   def test_convert_CROSSREF
@@ -35,9 +33,7 @@ def test_convert_CROSSREF
   end
 
   def test_convert_CROSSREF_backslash_in_tt
-    @options.hyperlink_all = false
-
-    formatter = RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlCrossref.new(@options, 'C9.html', @c9_b)
+    formatter = RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlCrossref.new('C9.html', @c9_b)
 
     result = formatter.convert '<tt>C1</tt>'
     assert_equal para('<a href="C1.html"><code>C1</code></a>'), result
@@ -53,7 +49,9 @@ def test_convert_CROSSREF_backslash_in_tt
   end
 
   def test_convert_CROSSREF_ignored_excluded_words
-    @options.autolink_excluded_words = ['C1']
+    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlCrossref.new 'index.html', @c1,
+      hyperlink_all: true, warn_missing_rdoc_ref: true,
+      autolink_excluded_words: ['C1']
 
     result = @to.convert 'C1'
     assert_equal para("C1"), result
@@ -285,7 +283,8 @@ def test_handle_regexp_HYPERLINK_rdoc
     readme = @store.add_file 'README.txt'
     readme.parser = RDoc::Parser::Simple
 
-    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlCrossref.new @options, 'C2.html', @c2
+    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlCrossref.new 'C2.html', @c2,
+      hyperlink_all: true, warn_missing_rdoc_ref: true
 
     link = @to.handle_regexp_HYPERLINK hyper 'C2::C3'
 
@@ -304,7 +303,8 @@ def test_handle_TIDYLINK_rdoc
     readme = @store.add_file 'README.txt'
     readme.parser = RDoc::Parser::Simple
 
-    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlCrossref.new @options, 'C2.html', @c2
+    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlCrossref.new 'C2.html', @c2,
+      hyperlink_all: true, warn_missing_rdoc_ref: true
 
     link = @to.to_html tidy 'C2::C3'
 
@@ -339,9 +339,7 @@ def test_convert_TIDYLINK_markdown_with_crossrefs
   end
 
   def test_to_html_CROSSREF_email
-    @options.hyperlink_all = false
-
-    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlCrossref.new @options, 'index.html', @c1
+    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlCrossref.new 'index.html', @c1
 
     result = @to.to_html 'first.last@example.com'
 
@@ -361,7 +359,8 @@ def test_link
   end
 
   def test_link_for_method_traverse
-    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlCrossref.new @options, 'C2.html', @c9
+    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlCrossref.new 'C2.html', @c9,
+      hyperlink_all: true, warn_missing_rdoc_ref: true
     assert_equal '<a href="C9/A.html#method-i-foo"><code>C9::B#foo</code></a>', @to.link('C9::B#foo', 'C9::B#foo')
   end
 
diff --git a/test/rdoc/markup/to_html_snippet_test.rb b/test/rdoc/markup/to_html_snippet_test.rb
index ce9118a18c..b468b57474 100644
--- a/test/rdoc/markup/to_html_snippet_test.rb
+++ b/test/rdoc/markup/to_html_snippet_test.rb
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ class RDocMarkupToHtmlSnippetTest < RDoc::Markup::FormatterTestCase
   def setup
     super
 
-    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlSnippet.new @options, 100, 100
+    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlSnippet.new 100, 100
     @ellipsis = @to.to_html '...'
   end
 
@@ -436,7 +436,7 @@ def test_accept_verbatim_ruby_error
   end
 
   def test_add_paragraph
-    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlSnippet.new @options, 0, 3
+    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlSnippet.new 0, 3
     assert_throws :done do
       @to.add_paragraph
       @to.add_paragraph
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ def test_convert_limit_2
   end
 
   def test_convert_limit_paragraphs
-    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlSnippet.new @options, 100, 3
+    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlSnippet.new 100, 3
 
     rdoc = <<-RDOC
 = \RDoc - Ruby Documentation System
@@ -519,7 +519,7 @@ def test_convert_limit_paragraphs
   end
 
   def test_convert_limit_in_tag
-    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlSnippet.new @options, 4
+    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlSnippet.new 4
     rdoc = "* ab *c* d\n"
 
     expected = "<p>ab <strong>c</strong> #{@ellipsis}\n\n"
@@ -598,7 +598,7 @@ def test_convert_limit_verbatim_multiline
   end
 
   def test_convert_limit_over
-    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlSnippet.new @options, 4
+    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtmlSnippet.new 4
     rdoc = "* text\n" * 2
 
     expected = "<p>text\n"
diff --git a/test/rdoc/markup/to_html_test.rb b/test/rdoc/markup/to_html_test.rb
index 4e9ac38176..26d224eac2 100644
--- a/test/rdoc/markup/to_html_test.rb
+++ b/test/rdoc/markup/to_html_test.rb
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ class RDocMarkupToHtmlTest < RDoc::Markup::FormatterTestCase
   def setup
     super
 
-    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtml.new @options
+    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtml.new
   end
 
   def accept_blank_line
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ def test_accept_heading_aref_method
   end
 
   def test_accept_heading_pipe
-    @options.pipe = true
+    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtml.new(pipe: true)
 
     @to.start_accepting
 
@@ -451,7 +451,7 @@ def test_accept_paragraph_newline
   end
 
   def test_accept_heading_output_decoration
-    @options.output_decoration = false
+    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtml.new(output_decoration: false)
 
     @to.start_accepting
 
@@ -461,8 +461,7 @@ def test_accept_heading_output_decoration
   end
 
   def test_accept_heading_output_decoration_with_pipe
-    @options.pipe = true
-    @options.output_decoration = false
+    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtml.new(pipe: true, output_decoration: false)
 
     @to.start_accepting
 
@@ -520,7 +519,7 @@ def test_accept_verbatim_nl_after_backslash
   end
 
   def test_accept_verbatim_pipe
-    @options.pipe = true
+    @to = RDoc::Markup::ToHtml.new(pipe: true)
 
     verb = @RM::Verbatim.new("1 + 1\n")
     verb.format = :ruby
diff --git a/test/rdoc/rdoc_markdown_test.rb b/test/rdoc/rdoc_markdown_test.rb
index 1b3e4e96ce..eb7c487f27 100644
--- a/test/rdoc/rdoc_markdown_test.rb
+++ b/test/rdoc/rdoc_markdown_test.rb
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ def setup
 
     @parser = RDoc::Markdown.new
 
-    @to_html = RDoc::Markup::ToHtml.new(RDoc::Options.new, nil)
+    @to_html = RDoc::Markup::ToHtml.new
   end
 
   def test_class_parse
diff --git a/test/rdoc/rdoc_text_test.rb b/test/rdoc/rdoc_text_test.rb
index 03c4167ac5..1230536542 100644
--- a/test/rdoc/rdoc_text_test.rb
+++ b/test/rdoc/rdoc_text_test.rb
@@ -577,7 +577,7 @@ def test_to_html_tt_tag_mismatch
   end
 
   def formatter
-    RDoc::Markup::ToHtml.new @options
+    RDoc::Markup::ToHtml.new
   end
 
   def options