From 17c794298e1a78610159c5adb6b9caca9fda6926 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Adam Gutglick <adam@spiraldb.com>
Date: Wed, 28 Jan 2026 14:44:45 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 1/6] vortex-metrics v2

Signed-off-by: Adam Gutglick <adam@spiraldb.com>
---
 Cargo.lock                                  |  36 +-
 Cargo.toml                                  |   2 +-
 vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/metrics.rs | 112 ++--
 vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/opener.rs  |  43 +-
 vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/source.rs  |  17 +-
 vortex-file/src/open.rs                     |  19 +-
 vortex-file/src/read/driver.rs              |  99 +--
 vortex-file/src/segments/source.rs          |  20 +-
 vortex-file/src/tests.rs                    |   2 -
 vortex-file/tests/test_write_table.rs       |   2 -
 vortex-io/src/read.rs                       | 117 ++--
 vortex-layout/src/segments/cache.rs         |  25 +-
 vortex-layout/src/test.rs                   |   2 -
 vortex-metrics/Cargo.toml                   |   5 +-
 vortex-metrics/src/counter.rs               |  30 +
 vortex-metrics/src/gauge.rs                 |  63 ++
 vortex-metrics/src/histogram.rs             |  56 ++
 vortex-metrics/src/lib.rs                   | 420 ++++++-------
 vortex-metrics/src/timer.rs                 |  84 +++
 vortex-scan/src/scan_builder.rs             |  10 +-
 vortex-scan/src/test.rs                     |   2 -
 vortex/src/lib.rs                           |   2 -
 wasm-test/Cargo.lock                        | 637 ++++++++++++++------
 23 files changed, 1154 insertions(+), 651 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 vortex-metrics/src/counter.rs
 create mode 100644 vortex-metrics/src/gauge.rs
 create mode 100644 vortex-metrics/src/histogram.rs
 create mode 100644 vortex-metrics/src/timer.rs

diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index de836acc39c..d3fdb83fd57 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -3953,16 +3953,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "pin-project-lite",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "exponential-decay-histogram"
-version = "0.1.14"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d7962d7e9baab6ea05af175491fa6a8441f3bf461558037622142573d98dd6d6"
-dependencies = [
- "ordered-float 5.1.0",
- "rand 0.9.2",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "ext-trait"
 version = "1.0.1"
@@ -8592,16 +8582,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde_derive",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "serde-value"
-version = "0.7.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f3a1a3341211875ef120e117ea7fd5228530ae7e7036a779fdc9117be6b3282c"
-dependencies = [
- "ordered-float 2.10.1",
- "serde",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "serde_core"
 version = "1.0.228"
@@ -10864,8 +10844,9 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "getrandom 0.3.4",
  "parking_lot",
+ "portable-atomic",
+ "sketches-ddsketch",
  "vortex-session",
- "witchcraft-metrics",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -11826,19 +11807,6 @@ version = "0.51.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "d7249219f66ced02969388cf2bb044a09756a083d0fab1e566056b04d9fbcaa5"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "witchcraft-metrics"
-version = "1.0.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "867a74dec702d742179279ab0b5bcab72ca5858c0c3ccf870bdb5c99f54d675b"
-dependencies = [
- "exponential-decay-histogram",
- "once_cell",
- "parking_lot",
- "serde",
- "serde-value",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "writeable"
 version = "0.6.2"
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index abce82d3762..abe7cde5bf7 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -177,6 +177,7 @@ parquet = "57.1"
 paste = "1.0.15"
 pco = "0.4.4"
 pin-project-lite = "0.2.15"
+portable-atomic = "1.10"
 primitive-types = { version = "0.14.0" }
 proc-macro2 = "1.0.95"
 prost = "0.14"
@@ -233,7 +234,6 @@ url = "2.5.7"
 uuid = { version = "1.19", features = ["js"] }
 walkdir = "2.5.0"
 wasm-bindgen-futures = "0.4.39"
-witchcraft-metrics = "1.0.1"
 xshell = "0.2.6"
 xz2 = "0.1.7"
 zigzag = "0.1.0"
diff --git a/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/metrics.rs b/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/metrics.rs
index 58c68d82d58..968af4a280d 100644
--- a/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/metrics.rs
+++ b/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/metrics.rs
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 //! Vortex table provider metrics.
 use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::time::Duration;
 
 use datafusion_datasource::file_scan_config::FileScanConfig;
 use datafusion_datasource::source::DataSourceExec;
@@ -15,9 +16,11 @@ use datafusion_physical_plan::metrics::Gauge;
 use datafusion_physical_plan::metrics::Label as DatafusionLabel;
 use datafusion_physical_plan::metrics::MetricValue as DatafusionMetricValue;
 use datafusion_physical_plan::metrics::MetricsSet;
+use datafusion_physical_plan::metrics::Time;
+use vortex::error::VortexExpect;
+use vortex::metrics::Label;
 use vortex::metrics::Metric;
-use vortex::metrics::MetricId;
-use vortex::metrics::Tags;
+use vortex::metrics::MetricValue;
 
 use crate::persistent::source::VortexSource;
 
@@ -59,7 +62,7 @@ impl ExecutionPlanVisitor for VortexMetricsFinder {
                     .vx_metrics()
                     .snapshot()
                     .iter()
-                    .flat_map(|(id, metric)| metric_to_datafusion(id, metric))
+                    .flat_map(metric_to_datafusion)
                 {
                     set.push(Arc::new(metric));
                 }
@@ -72,74 +75,80 @@ impl ExecutionPlanVisitor for VortexMetricsFinder {
     }
 }
 
-fn metric_to_datafusion(id: MetricId, metric: &Metric) -> impl Iterator<Item = DatafusionMetric> {
-    let (partition, labels) = tags_to_datafusion(id.tags());
-    metric_value_to_datafusion(id.name(), metric)
+fn metric_to_datafusion(metric: &Metric) -> impl Iterator<Item = DatafusionMetric> {
+    let (partition, labels) = labels_to_datafusion(metric.labels());
+    metric_value_to_datafusion(metric.name(), metric.value())
         .into_iter()
         .map(move |metric_value| {
             DatafusionMetric::new_with_labels(metric_value, partition, labels.clone())
         })
 }
 
-fn tags_to_datafusion(tags: &Tags) -> (Option<usize>, Vec<DatafusionLabel>) {
+fn labels_to_datafusion(tags: &[Label]) -> (Option<usize>, Vec<DatafusionLabel>) {
     tags.iter()
-        .fold((None, Vec::new()), |(mut partition, mut labels), (k, v)| {
-            if k == PARTITION_LABEL {
-                partition = v.parse().ok();
+        .fold((None, Vec::new()), |(mut partition, mut labels), metric| {
+            if metric.key() == PARTITION_LABEL {
+                partition = metric.value().parse().ok();
             } else {
-                labels.push(DatafusionLabel::new(k.to_string(), v.to_string()));
+                labels.push(DatafusionLabel::new(
+                    metric.key().to_string(),
+                    metric.value().to_string(),
+                ));
             }
             (partition, labels)
         })
 }
 
-fn metric_value_to_datafusion(name: &str, metric: &Metric) -> Vec<DatafusionMetricValue> {
+fn metric_value_to_datafusion(name: &str, metric: &MetricValue) -> Vec<DatafusionMetricValue> {
     match metric {
-        Metric::Counter(counter) => counter
-            .count()
+        MetricValue::Counter(counter) => counter
+            .value()
             .try_into()
             .into_iter()
             .map(|count| df_counter(name.to_string(), count))
             .collect(),
-        Metric::Histogram(hist) => {
+        MetricValue::Histogram(hist) => {
             let mut res = Vec::new();
-            if let Ok(count) = hist.count().try_into() {
-                res.push(df_counter(format!("{name}_count"), count));
-            }
-            let snapshot = hist.snapshot();
-            if let Ok(max) = snapshot.max().try_into() {
-                res.push(df_gauge(format!("{name}_max"), max));
-            }
-            if let Ok(min) = snapshot.min().try_into() {
-                res.push(df_gauge(format!("{name}_min"), min));
-            }
-            if let Some(p90) = f_to_u(snapshot.value(0.90)) {
-                res.push(df_gauge(format!("{name}_p95"), p90));
-            }
-            if let Some(p99) = f_to_u(snapshot.value(0.99)) {
-                res.push(df_gauge(format!("{name}_p99"), p99));
+
+            res.push(df_counter(format!("{name}_count"), hist.count()));
+
+            if !hist.is_empty() {
+                if let Some(max) = f_to_u(hist.quantile(1.0).vortex_expect("must not be empty")) {
+                    res.push(df_gauge(format!("{name}_max"), max));
+                }
+
+                if let Some(min) = f_to_u(hist.quantile(0.0).vortex_expect("must not be empty")) {
+                    res.push(df_gauge(format!("{name}_min"), min));
+                }
+
+                if let Some(p95) = f_to_u(hist.quantile(0.95).vortex_expect("must not be empty")) {
+                    res.push(df_gauge(format!("{name}_p95"), p95));
+                }
+                if let Some(p99) = f_to_u(hist.quantile(0.99).vortex_expect("must not be empty")) {
+                    res.push(df_gauge(format!("{name}_p99"), p99));
+                }
             }
+
             res
         }
-        Metric::Timer(timer) => {
+        MetricValue::Timer(timer) => {
             let mut res = Vec::new();
-            if let Ok(count) = timer.count().try_into() {
-                res.push(df_counter(format!("{name}_count"), count));
-            }
-            let snapshot = timer.snapshot();
-            if let Ok(max) = snapshot.max().try_into() {
-                // NOTE(os): unlike Time metrics, gauges allow custom aggregation
-                res.push(df_gauge(format!("{name}_max"), max));
-            }
-            if let Ok(min) = snapshot.min().try_into() {
-                res.push(df_gauge(format!("{name}_min"), min));
-            }
-            if let Some(p95) = f_to_u(snapshot.value(0.95)) {
-                res.push(df_gauge(format!("{name}_p95"), p95));
-            }
-            if let Some(p99) = f_to_u(snapshot.value(0.95)) {
-                res.push(df_gauge(format!("{name}_p99"), p99));
+            res.push(df_counter(format!("{name}_count"), timer.count()));
+
+            if !timer.is_empty() {
+                let max = timer.quantile(1.0).vortex_expect("must not be empty");
+                res.push(df_timer(format!("{name}_max"), max));
+
+                let min = timer.quantile(0.0).vortex_expect("must not be empty");
+                res.push(df_timer(format!("{name}_min"), min));
+
+                let p95 = timer.quantile(0.95).vortex_expect("must not be empty");
+                res.push(df_timer(format!("{name}_p95"), p95));
+
+                let p99 = timer.quantile(0.99).vortex_expect("must not be empty");
+                res.push(df_timer(format!("{name}_p99"), p99));
             }
+
             res
         }
         // TODO(os): add more metric types when added to VortexMetrics
@@ -165,6 +174,15 @@ fn df_gauge(name: String, value: usize) -> DatafusionMetricValue {
     }
 }
 
+fn df_timer(name: String, value: Duration) -> DatafusionMetricValue {
+    let time = Time::new();
+    time.add_duration(value);
+    DatafusionMetricValue::Time {
+        name: name.into(),
+        time,
+    }
+}
+
 #[expect(
     clippy::cast_possible_truncation,
     reason = "truncation is checked before cast"
diff --git a/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/opener.rs b/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/opener.rs
index 45cbba7871c..ea9d1a89a63 100644
--- a/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/opener.rs
+++ b/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/opener.rs
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ use vortex::error::VortexError;
 use vortex::file::OpenOptionsSessionExt;
 use vortex::io::InstrumentedReadAt;
 use vortex::layout::LayoutReader;
-use vortex::metrics::VortexMetrics;
+use vortex::metrics::MetricsRegistry;
 use vortex::scan::ScanBuilder;
 use vortex::session::VortexSession;
 use vortex_utils::aliases::dash_map::DashMap;
@@ -50,11 +50,14 @@ use crate::convert::exprs::ExpressionConvertor;
 use crate::convert::exprs::ProcessedProjection;
 use crate::convert::exprs::make_vortex_predicate;
 use crate::convert::schema::calculate_physical_schema;
+use crate::metrics::PARTITION_LABEL;
 use crate::persistent::cache::CachedVortexMetadata;
 use crate::persistent::stream::PrunableStream;
 
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub(crate) struct VortexOpener {
+    /// The partition this opener is assigned to. Only used for labeling metrics.
+    pub partition: usize,
     pub session: VortexSession,
     pub vortex_reader_factory: Arc<dyn VortexReaderFactory>,
     /// Optional table schema projection. The indices are w.r.t. the `table_schema`, which is
@@ -76,7 +79,7 @@ pub(crate) struct VortexOpener {
     /// If provided, the scan will not return more than this many rows.
     pub limit: Option<u64>,
     /// A metrics object for tracking performance of the scan.
-    pub metrics: VortexMetrics,
+    pub metrics_registry: Arc<dyn MetricsRegistry>,
     /// A shared cache of file readers.
     ///
     /// To save on the overhead of reparsing FlatBuffers and rebuilding the layout tree, we cache
@@ -92,9 +95,7 @@ pub(crate) struct VortexOpener {
 impl FileOpener for VortexOpener {
     fn open(&self, file: PartitionedFile) -> DFResult<FileOpenFuture> {
         let session = self.session.clone();
-        let metrics = self
-            .metrics
-            .child_with_tags([("file_path", file.path().to_string())]);
+        let metrics_registry = self.metrics_registry.clone();
 
         let mut projection = self.projection.clone();
         let mut filter = self.filter.clone();
@@ -103,7 +104,14 @@ impl FileOpener for VortexOpener {
             .vortex_reader_factory
             .create_reader(file.path().as_ref(), &session)?;
 
-        let reader = InstrumentedReadAt::new(reader, &metrics);
+        let reader = InstrumentedReadAt::new_with_labels(
+            reader,
+            metrics_registry.as_ref(),
+            [
+                ("file_path", file.path().to_string()),
+                (PARTITION_LABEL, self.partition.to_string()),
+            ],
+        );
 
         let file_pruning_predicate = self.file_pruning_predicate.clone();
         let expr_adapter_factory = self.expr_adapter_factory.clone();
@@ -169,7 +177,7 @@ impl FileOpener for VortexOpener {
             let mut open_opts = session
                 .open_options()
                 .with_file_size(file.object_meta.size)
-                .with_metrics(metrics.clone());
+                .with_metrics(metrics_registry.clone());
 
             if let Some(file_metadata_cache) = file_metadata_cache
                 && let Some(file_metadata) = file_metadata_cache.get(&file.object_meta)
@@ -318,7 +326,7 @@ impl FileOpener for VortexOpener {
             }
 
             let stream = scan_builder
-                .with_metrics(metrics)
+                .with_metrics(metrics_registry)
                 .with_projection(scan_projection)
                 .with_some_filter(filter)
                 .with_ordered(has_output_ordering)
@@ -440,6 +448,7 @@ mod tests {
     use vortex::file::WriteOptionsSessionExt;
     use vortex::io::ObjectStoreWriter;
     use vortex::io::VortexWrite;
+    use vortex::metrics::DefaultMetricsRegistry;
     use vortex::scan::Selection;
     use vortex::session::VortexSession;
 
@@ -516,6 +525,7 @@ mod tests {
         filter: Option<PhysicalExprRef>,
     ) -> VortexOpener {
         VortexOpener {
+            partition: 1,
             session: SESSION.clone(),
             vortex_reader_factory: Arc::new(DefaultVortexReaderFactory::new(object_store)),
             projection: ProjectionExprs::from_indices(&[0], table_schema.file_schema()),
@@ -525,7 +535,7 @@ mod tests {
             table_schema,
             batch_size: 100,
             limit: None,
-            metrics: Default::default(),
+            metrics_registry: Arc::new(DefaultMetricsRegistry::default()),
             layout_readers: Default::default(),
             has_output_ordering: false,
             expression_convertor: Arc::new(DefaultExpressionConvertor::default()),
@@ -607,6 +617,7 @@ mod tests {
         )])));
 
         let make_opener = |filter| VortexOpener {
+            partition: 1,
             session: SESSION.clone(),
             vortex_reader_factory: Arc::new(DefaultVortexReaderFactory::new(object_store.clone())),
             projection: ProjectionExprs::from_indices(&[0], table_schema.file_schema()),
@@ -616,7 +627,7 @@ mod tests {
             table_schema: table_schema.clone(),
             batch_size: 100,
             limit: None,
-            metrics: Default::default(),
+            metrics_registry: Arc::new(DefaultMetricsRegistry::default()),
             layout_readers: Default::default(),
             has_output_ordering: false,
             expression_convertor: Arc::new(DefaultExpressionConvertor::default()),
@@ -690,6 +701,7 @@ mod tests {
         ]));
 
         let opener = VortexOpener {
+            partition: 1,
             session: SESSION.clone(),
             vortex_reader_factory: Arc::new(DefaultVortexReaderFactory::new(object_store)),
             projection: ProjectionExprs::from_indices(&[0, 1, 2], &table_schema),
@@ -699,7 +711,7 @@ mod tests {
             table_schema: TableSchema::from_file_schema(table_schema.clone()),
             batch_size: 100,
             limit: None,
-            metrics: Default::default(),
+            metrics_registry: Arc::new(DefaultMetricsRegistry::default()),
             layout_readers: Default::default(),
             has_output_ordering: false,
             expression_convertor: Arc::new(DefaultExpressionConvertor::default()),
@@ -839,6 +851,7 @@ mod tests {
         let projection = vec![0, 2];
 
         let opener = VortexOpener {
+            partition: 1,
             session: SESSION.clone(),
             vortex_reader_factory: Arc::new(DefaultVortexReaderFactory::new(object_store.clone())),
             projection: ProjectionExprs::from_indices(
@@ -851,7 +864,7 @@ mod tests {
             table_schema: table_schema.clone(),
             batch_size: 100,
             limit: None,
-            metrics: Default::default(),
+            metrics_registry: Arc::new(DefaultMetricsRegistry::default()),
             layout_readers: Default::default(),
             has_output_ordering: false,
             expression_convertor: Arc::new(DefaultExpressionConvertor::default()),
@@ -898,6 +911,7 @@ mod tests {
         projection: ProjectionExprs,
     ) -> VortexOpener {
         VortexOpener {
+            partition: 1,
             session: SESSION.clone(),
             vortex_reader_factory: Arc::new(DefaultVortexReaderFactory::new(object_store)),
             projection,
@@ -907,7 +921,7 @@ mod tests {
             table_schema: TableSchema::from_file_schema(schema),
             batch_size: 100,
             limit: None,
-            metrics: Default::default(),
+            metrics_registry: Arc::new(DefaultMetricsRegistry::default()),
             layout_readers: Default::default(),
             has_output_ordering: false,
             expression_convertor: Arc::new(DefaultExpressionConvertor::default()),
@@ -1096,6 +1110,7 @@ mod tests {
         )]);
 
         let opener = VortexOpener {
+            partition: 1,
             session: SESSION.clone(),
             vortex_reader_factory: Arc::new(DefaultVortexReaderFactory::new(object_store.clone())),
             projection,
@@ -1105,7 +1120,7 @@ mod tests {
             table_schema,
             batch_size: 100,
             limit: None,
-            metrics: Default::default(),
+            metrics_registry: Arc::new(DefaultMetricsRegistry::default()),
             layout_readers: Default::default(),
             has_output_ordering: false,
             expression_convertor: Arc::new(DefaultExpressionConvertor::default()),
diff --git a/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/source.rs b/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/source.rs
index 5e46f61c5e4..6aa3ae58afc 100644
--- a/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/source.rs
+++ b/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/source.rs
@@ -29,11 +29,11 @@ use object_store::path::Path;
 use vortex::error::VortexExpect as _;
 use vortex::file::VORTEX_FILE_EXTENSION;
 use vortex::layout::LayoutReader;
-use vortex::metrics::VortexMetrics;
+use vortex::metrics::DefaultMetricsRegistry;
+use vortex::metrics::MetricsRegistry;
 use vortex::session::VortexSession;
 use vortex_utils::aliases::dash_map::DashMap;
 
-use super::metrics::PARTITION_LABEL;
 use super::opener::VortexOpener;
 use crate::DefaultVortexReaderFactory;
 use crate::VortexReaderFactory;
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ pub struct VortexSource {
     layout_readers: Arc<DashMap<Path, Weak<dyn LayoutReader>>>,
     expression_convertor: Arc<dyn ExpressionConvertor>,
     pub(crate) vortex_reader_factory: Option<Arc<dyn VortexReaderFactory>>,
-    vx_metrics: VortexMetrics,
+    vx_metrics: Arc<dyn MetricsRegistry>,
     file_metadata_cache: Option<Arc<dyn FileMetadataCache>>,
 }
 
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ impl VortexSource {
             layout_readers: Arc::new(DashMap::default()),
             expression_convertor: Arc::new(DefaultExpressionConvertor::default()),
             vortex_reader_factory: None,
-            vx_metrics: VortexMetrics::default(),
+            vx_metrics: Arc::new(DefaultMetricsRegistry::default()),
             file_metadata_cache: None,
         }
     }
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ impl VortexSource {
     }
 
     /// The metrics instance attached to this source.
-    pub fn vx_metrics(&self) -> &VortexMetrics {
+    pub fn vx_metrics(&self) -> &Arc<dyn MetricsRegistry> {
         &self.vx_metrics
     }
 
@@ -130,10 +130,6 @@ impl FileSource for VortexSource {
         base_config: &FileScanConfig,
         partition: usize,
     ) -> DFResult<Arc<dyn FileOpener>> {
-        let partition_metrics = self
-            .vx_metrics()
-            .child_with_tags([(PARTITION_LABEL, partition.to_string())].into_iter());
-
         let batch_size = self
             .batch_size
             .vortex_expect("batch_size must be supplied to VortexSource");
@@ -149,6 +145,7 @@ impl FileSource for VortexSource {
             .unwrap_or_else(|| Arc::new(DefaultVortexReaderFactory::new(object_store)));
 
         let opener = VortexOpener {
+            partition,
             session: self.session.clone(),
             vortex_reader_factory,
             projection: self.projection.clone(),
@@ -158,7 +155,7 @@ impl FileSource for VortexSource {
             table_schema: self.table_schema.clone(),
             batch_size,
             limit: base_config.limit.map(|l| l as u64),
-            metrics: partition_metrics,
+            metrics_registry: self.vx_metrics.clone(),
             layout_readers: self.layout_readers.clone(),
             has_output_ordering: !base_config.output_ordering.is_empty(),
             expression_convertor: Arc::new(DefaultExpressionConvertor::default()),
diff --git a/vortex-file/src/open.rs b/vortex-file/src/open.rs
index 3e2d73aee40..e6f258180ae 100644
--- a/vortex-file/src/open.rs
+++ b/vortex-file/src/open.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,8 @@ use vortex_layout::segments::SegmentCacheSourceAdapter;
 use vortex_layout::segments::SegmentId;
 use vortex_layout::segments::SharedSegmentSource;
 use vortex_layout::session::LayoutSessionExt;
-use vortex_metrics::VortexMetrics;
+use vortex_metrics::DefaultMetricsRegistry;
+use vortex_metrics::MetricsRegistry;
 use vortex_session::VortexSession;
 use vortex_utils::aliases::hash_map::HashMap;
 
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ pub struct VortexOpenOptions {
     /// The segments read during the initial read.
     initial_read_segments: RwLock<HashMap<SegmentId, ByteBuffer>>,
     /// A metrics registry for the file.
-    metrics: Option<VortexMetrics>,
+    metrics: Option<Arc<dyn MetricsRegistry>>,
 }
 
 pub trait OpenOptionsSessionExt: ArraySessionExt + LayoutSessionExt + RuntimeSessionExt {
@@ -119,8 +120,8 @@ impl VortexOpenOptions {
         self
     }
 
-    /// Configure a custom [`VortexMetrics`].
-    pub fn with_metrics(mut self, metrics: VortexMetrics) -> Self {
+    /// Configure a custom [`MetricsRegistry`] implementation.
+    pub fn with_metrics(mut self, metrics: Arc<dyn MetricsRegistry>) -> Self {
         self.metrics = Some(metrics);
         self
     }
@@ -156,7 +157,10 @@ impl VortexOpenOptions {
 
     /// An API for opening a [`VortexFile`] using any [`VortexReadAt`] implementation.
     pub async fn open_read<R: VortexReadAt + Clone>(self, reader: R) -> VortexResult<VortexFile> {
-        let metrics = self.metrics.clone().unwrap_or_default();
+        let metrics_registry = self
+            .metrics
+            .clone()
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| Arc::new(DefaultMetricsRegistry::default()));
         let footer = if let Some(footer) = self.footer {
             footer
         } else {
@@ -168,7 +172,7 @@ impl VortexOpenOptions {
                 initial: self.initial_read_segments,
                 fallback: self.segment_cache,
             },
-            metrics.clone(),
+            metrics_registry.as_ref(),
         ));
 
         // Create a segment source backed by the VortexRead implementation.
@@ -176,7 +180,7 @@ impl VortexOpenOptions {
             footer.segment_map().clone(),
             reader,
             self.session.handle(),
-            metrics.clone(),
+            metrics_registry.as_ref(),
         )));
 
         // Wrap up the segment source to first resolve segments from the initial read cache.
@@ -344,7 +348,6 @@ mod tests {
         // Create a large file (> 1MB)
         let mut buf = ByteBufferMut::empty();
         let mut session = VortexSession::empty()
-            .with::<VortexMetrics>()
             .with::<DTypeSession>()
             .with::<ArraySession>()
             .with::<LayoutSession>()
diff --git a/vortex-file/src/read/driver.rs b/vortex-file/src/read/driver.rs
index e0aa59666fa..eb99d71ba01 100644
--- a/vortex-file/src/read/driver.rs
+++ b/vortex-file/src/read/driver.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 use std::collections::BTreeMap;
 use std::collections::BTreeSet;
 use std::pin::Pin;
-use std::sync::Arc;
 use std::task::Context;
 use std::task::Poll;
 
@@ -15,7 +14,8 @@ use vortex_error::VortexExpect;
 use vortex_io::CoalesceConfig;
 use vortex_metrics::Counter;
 use vortex_metrics::Histogram;
-use vortex_metrics::VortexMetrics;
+use vortex_metrics::MetricBuilder;
+use vortex_metrics::MetricsRegistry;
 
 use crate::read::ReadRequest;
 use crate::read::RequestId;
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ impl<S> IoRequestStream<S> {
         events: S,
         coalesce_window: Option<CoalesceConfig>,
         coalesced_buffer_alignment: Alignment,
-        metrics: VortexMetrics,
+        metrics_registry: &dyn MetricsRegistry,
     ) -> Self
     where
         S: Stream<Item = ReadEvent> + Unpin + Send + 'static,
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ impl<S> IoRequestStream<S> {
             events,
             inner_done: false,
             coalesce_window,
-            state: State::new(metrics, coalesced_buffer_alignment),
+            state: State::new(metrics_registry, coalesced_buffer_alignment),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -123,28 +123,31 @@ struct State {
 }
 
 struct StateMetrics {
-    individual_requests: Arc<Counter>,
-    coalesced_requests: Arc<Counter>,
-    num_requests_coalesced: Arc<Histogram>,
+    individual_requests: Counter,
+    coalesced_requests: Counter,
+    num_requests_coalesced: Histogram,
 }
 
 impl StateMetrics {
-    fn new(registry: VortexMetrics) -> Self {
+    fn new(metrics_registry: &dyn MetricsRegistry) -> Self {
         Self {
-            individual_requests: registry.counter("io.requests.individual"),
-            coalesced_requests: registry.counter("io.requests.coalesced"),
-            num_requests_coalesced: registry.histogram("io.requests.coalesced.num_coalesced"),
+            individual_requests: MetricBuilder::new(metrics_registry)
+                .counter("io.requests.individual"),
+            coalesced_requests: MetricBuilder::new(metrics_registry)
+                .counter("io.requests.coalesced"),
+            num_requests_coalesced: MetricBuilder::new(metrics_registry)
+                .histogram("io.requests.coalesced.num_coalesced"),
         }
     }
 }
 
 impl State {
-    fn new(metrics: VortexMetrics, coalesced_buffer_alignment: Alignment) -> Self {
+    fn new(metrics_registry: &dyn MetricsRegistry, coalesced_buffer_alignment: Alignment) -> Self {
         Self {
             requests: BTreeMap::new(),
             polled_requests: BTreeMap::new(),
             requests_by_offset: BTreeSet::new(),
-            metrics: StateMetrics::new(metrics),
+            metrics: StateMetrics::new(metrics_registry),
             coalesced_buffer_alignment,
         }
     }
@@ -179,17 +182,17 @@ impl State {
     fn next(&mut self, coalesce_window: Option<&CoalesceConfig>) -> Option<IoRequest> {
         match coalesce_window {
             None => self.next_uncoalesced().map(|request| {
-                self.metrics.individual_requests.inc();
+                self.metrics.individual_requests.add(1);
                 IoRequest::new_single(request)
             }),
             Some(window) => self.next_coalesced(window).map(|request| {
                 match request.requests.len() {
-                    1 => self.metrics.individual_requests.inc(),
+                    1 => self.metrics.individual_requests.add(1),
                     num_requests => {
-                        self.metrics.coalesced_requests.inc();
+                        self.metrics.coalesced_requests.add(1);
                         self.metrics
                             .num_requests_coalesced
-                            .update(num_requests as i64);
+                            .update(num_requests as f64);
                     }
                 };
                 IoRequest::new_coalesced(request)
@@ -328,6 +331,8 @@ mod tests {
     use vortex_array::buffer::BufferHandle;
     use vortex_buffer::Alignment;
     use vortex_error::VortexResult;
+    use vortex_metrics::DefaultMetricsRegistry;
+    use vortex_metrics::MetricValue;
 
     use super::*;
     use crate::read::request::IoRequestInner;
@@ -363,12 +368,12 @@ mod tests {
         coalesced_buffer_alignment: Alignment,
     ) -> Vec<IoRequest> {
         let event_stream = stream::iter(events);
-        let metrics = VortexMetrics::default();
+        let metrics_registry = DefaultMetricsRegistry::default();
         let io_stream = IoRequestStream::new(
             event_stream,
             coalesce_window,
             coalesced_buffer_alignment,
-            metrics,
+            &metrics_registry,
         );
         io_stream.collect().await
     }
@@ -681,7 +686,7 @@ mod tests {
         ];
 
         let event_stream = stream::iter(events);
-        let metrics = VortexMetrics::default();
+        let metrics_registry = DefaultMetricsRegistry::default();
         let io_stream = IoRequestStream::new(
             event_stream,
             Some(CoalesceConfig {
@@ -689,28 +694,28 @@ mod tests {
                 max_size: 1024,
             }),
             Alignment::none(),
-            metrics.clone(),
+            &metrics_registry,
         );
 
         let outputs: Vec<IoRequest> = io_stream.collect().await;
         assert_eq!(outputs.len(), 2);
 
-        let snapshot = metrics.snapshot();
-        let mut individual_count = 0i64;
-        let mut coalesced_operations = 0i64;
-        let mut coalesced_histogram_count = 0u64;
-
-        for (metric_id, metric) in snapshot.iter() {
-            match metric {
-                vortex_metrics::Metric::Counter(counter) => {
-                    if metric_id.name() == "io.requests.individual" {
-                        individual_count = counter.count();
-                    } else if metric_id.name() == "io.requests.coalesced" {
-                        coalesced_operations = counter.count();
+        let snapshot = metrics_registry.snapshot();
+        let mut individual_count = 0u64;
+        let mut coalesced_operations = 0u64;
+        let mut coalesced_histogram_count = 0usize;
+
+        for metric in snapshot.iter() {
+            match metric.value() {
+                MetricValue::Counter(counter) => {
+                    if metric.name() == "io.requests.individual" {
+                        individual_count = counter.value();
+                    } else if metric.name() == "io.requests.coalesced" {
+                        coalesced_operations = counter.value();
                     }
                 }
-                vortex_metrics::Metric::Histogram(histogram) => {
-                    if metric_id.name() == "io.requests.coalesced.num_coalesced" {
+                MetricValue::Histogram(histogram) => {
+                    if metric.name() == "io.requests.coalesced.num_coalesced" {
                         coalesced_histogram_count = histogram.count();
                     }
                 }
@@ -740,25 +745,25 @@ mod tests {
         ];
 
         let event_stream = stream::iter(events);
-        let metrics = VortexMetrics::default();
+        let metrics_registry = DefaultMetricsRegistry::default();
         // No coalescing window - should be individual requests
         let io_stream =
-            IoRequestStream::new(event_stream, None, Alignment::none(), metrics.clone());
+            IoRequestStream::new(event_stream, None, Alignment::none(), &metrics_registry);
 
         let outputs: Vec<IoRequest> = io_stream.collect().await;
         assert_eq!(outputs.len(), 2);
 
         // Check metrics
-        let snapshot = metrics.snapshot();
-        let mut individual_count = 0i64;
-        let mut coalesced_operations = 0i64;
-
-        for (metric_id, metric) in snapshot.iter() {
-            if let vortex_metrics::Metric::Counter(counter) = metric {
-                if metric_id.name() == "io.requests.individual" {
-                    individual_count = counter.count();
-                } else if metric_id.name() == "io.requests.coalesced.num_coalesced" {
-                    coalesced_operations = counter.count();
+        let snapshot = metrics_registry.snapshot();
+        let mut individual_count = 0_u64;
+        let mut coalesced_operations = 0_u64;
+
+        for metric in snapshot.iter() {
+            if let MetricValue::Counter(counter) = metric.value() {
+                if metric.name() == "io.requests.individual" {
+                    individual_count = counter.value();
+                } else if metric.name() == "io.requests.coalesced.num_coalesced" {
+                    coalesced_operations = counter.value();
                 }
             }
         }
diff --git a/vortex-file/src/segments/source.rs b/vortex-file/src/segments/source.rs
index 344f805f516..4eb320a6ec6 100644
--- a/vortex-file/src/segments/source.rs
+++ b/vortex-file/src/segments/source.rs
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ use vortex_io::runtime::Handle;
 use vortex_layout::segments::SegmentFuture;
 use vortex_layout::segments::SegmentId;
 use vortex_layout::segments::SegmentSource;
-use vortex_metrics::VortexMetrics;
+use vortex_metrics::MetricsRegistry;
 
 use crate::SegmentSpec;
 use crate::read::IoRequestStream;
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ impl FileSegmentSource {
         segments: Arc<[SegmentSpec]>,
         reader: R,
         handle: Handle,
-        metrics: VortexMetrics,
+        metrics_registry: &dyn MetricsRegistry,
     ) -> Self {
         let (send, recv) = mpsc::unbounded();
 
@@ -87,15 +87,15 @@ impl FileSegmentSource {
         });
         let concurrency = reader.concurrency();
 
-        let drive_fut = async move {
-            let stream = IoRequestStream::new(
-                StreamExt::boxed(recv),
-                coalesce_config,
-                max_alignment,
-                metrics,
-            )
-            .boxed();
+        let stream = IoRequestStream::new(
+            StreamExt::boxed(recv),
+            coalesce_config,
+            max_alignment,
+            metrics_registry,
+        )
+        .boxed();
 
+        let drive_fut = async move {
             stream
                 .map(move |req| {
                     let reader = reader.clone();
diff --git a/vortex-file/src/tests.rs b/vortex-file/src/tests.rs
index a3932c1756a..f8c4d6c171c 100644
--- a/vortex-file/src/tests.rs
+++ b/vortex-file/src/tests.rs
@@ -64,7 +64,6 @@ use vortex_dtype::datetime::TimestampOptions;
 use vortex_error::VortexResult;
 use vortex_io::session::RuntimeSession;
 use vortex_layout::session::LayoutSession;
-use vortex_metrics::VortexMetrics;
 use vortex_scalar::Scalar;
 use vortex_scan::ScanBuilder;
 use vortex_session::VortexSession;
@@ -77,7 +76,6 @@ use crate::WriteOptionsSessionExt;
 
 static SESSION: LazyLock<VortexSession> = LazyLock::new(|| {
     let mut session = VortexSession::empty()
-        .with::<VortexMetrics>()
         .with::<ArraySession>()
         .with::<LayoutSession>()
         .with::<ExprSession>()
diff --git a/vortex-file/tests/test_write_table.rs b/vortex-file/tests/test_write_table.rs
index 4821e9962e6..360d07f4262 100644
--- a/vortex-file/tests/test_write_table.rs
+++ b/vortex-file/tests/test_write_table.rs
@@ -25,12 +25,10 @@ use vortex_layout::layouts::compressed::CompressingStrategy;
 use vortex_layout::layouts::flat::writer::FlatLayoutStrategy;
 use vortex_layout::layouts::table::TableStrategy;
 use vortex_layout::session::LayoutSession;
-use vortex_metrics::VortexMetrics;
 use vortex_session::VortexSession;
 
 static SESSION: LazyLock<VortexSession> = LazyLock::new(|| {
     let mut session = VortexSession::empty()
-        .with::<VortexMetrics>()
         .with::<ArraySession>()
         .with::<LayoutSession>()
         .with::<ExprSession>()
diff --git a/vortex-io/src/read.rs b/vortex-io/src/read.rs
index dbae9415e61..39c047146d3 100644
--- a/vortex-io/src/read.rs
+++ b/vortex-io/src/read.rs
@@ -13,8 +13,10 @@ use vortex_error::VortexResult;
 use vortex_error::vortex_bail;
 use vortex_metrics::Counter;
 use vortex_metrics::Histogram;
+use vortex_metrics::Label;
+use vortex_metrics::MetricBuilder;
+use vortex_metrics::MetricsRegistry;
 use vortex_metrics::Timer;
-use vortex_metrics::VortexMetrics;
 
 /// Configuration for coalescing nearby I/O requests into single operations.
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
@@ -136,12 +138,6 @@ impl<R: VortexReadAt> VortexReadAt for Arc<R> {
     ) -> BoxFuture<'static, VortexResult<BufferHandle>> {
         self.as_ref().read_at(offset, length, alignment)
     }
-
-    // fn drive(self: Arc<Self>, requests: BoxStream<'static, IoRequest>) -> BoxFuture<'static, ()> {
-    //     // Delegate to the inner implementation's drive
-    //     let inner: Arc<R> = Arc::clone(&self);
-    //     inner.drive(requests)
-    // }
 }
 
 impl VortexReadAt for ByteBuffer {
@@ -185,46 +181,90 @@ impl VortexReadAt for ByteBuffer {
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct InstrumentedReadAt<T: VortexReadAt + Clone> {
     read: T,
-    sizes: Arc<Histogram>,
-    total_size: Arc<Counter>,
-    durations: Arc<Timer>,
+    // We use `Arc` to take care of all the complexity that's potentially associated with reference counting
+    // and dropping
+    metrics: Arc<InnerMetrics>,
+}
+
+struct InnerMetrics {
+    sizes: Histogram,
+    total_size: Counter,
+    durations: Timer,
 }
 
 impl<T: VortexReadAt + Clone> InstrumentedReadAt<T> {
-    pub fn new(read: T, metrics: &VortexMetrics) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(read: T, metrics_registry: &dyn MetricsRegistry) -> Self {
+        Self::new_with_labels(read, metrics_registry, Vec::<Label>::default())
+    }
+
+    pub fn new_with_labels<I, L>(read: T, metrics_registry: &dyn MetricsRegistry, labels: I) -> Self
+    where
+        I: IntoIterator<Item = L>,
+        L: Into<Label>,
+    {
+        let labels = labels.into_iter().map(|l| l.into()).collect::<Vec<Label>>();
+        let sizes = MetricBuilder::new(metrics_registry)
+            .add_labels(labels.clone())
+            .histogram("vortex.io.read.size");
+        let total_size = MetricBuilder::new(metrics_registry)
+            .add_labels(labels.clone())
+            .counter("vortex.io.read.total_size");
+        let durations = MetricBuilder::new(metrics_registry)
+            .add_labels(labels)
+            .timer("vortex.io.read.duration");
+
         Self {
             read,
-            sizes: metrics.histogram("vortex.io.read.size"),
-            total_size: metrics.counter("vortex.io.read.total_size"),
-            durations: metrics.timer("vortex.io.read.duration"),
+            metrics: Arc::new(InnerMetrics {
+                sizes,
+                total_size,
+                durations,
+            }),
         }
     }
 }
 
-impl<T: VortexReadAt + Clone> Drop for InstrumentedReadAt<T> {
+// We implement drop for `InnerMetrics` so this will be logged only when we eventually drop the final instance of `InstrumentedRead`
+impl Drop for InnerMetrics {
     #[allow(clippy::cognitive_complexity)]
     fn drop(&mut self) {
-        let sizes = self.sizes.snapshot();
         tracing::debug!("Reads: {}", self.sizes.count());
-        tracing::debug!(
-            "Read size: p50={} p95={} p99={} p999={}",
-            sizes.value(0.5),
-            sizes.value(0.95),
-            sizes.value(0.99),
-            sizes.value(0.999),
-        );
-
-        let total_size = self.total_size.count();
+        if !self.sizes.is_empty() {
+            tracing::debug!(
+                "Read size: p50={} p95={} p99={} p999={}",
+                self.sizes.quantile(0.5).vortex_expect("must not be empty"),
+                self.sizes.quantile(0.95).vortex_expect("must not be empty"),
+                self.sizes.quantile(0.99).vortex_expect("must not be empty"),
+                self.sizes
+                    .quantile(0.999)
+                    .vortex_expect("must not be empty"),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let total_size = self.total_size.value();
         tracing::debug!("Total read size: {total_size}");
 
-        let durations = self.durations.snapshot();
-        tracing::debug!(
-            "Read duration: p50={}ms p95={}ms p99={}ms p999={}ms",
-            durations.value(0.5) / 1_000_000.0,
-            durations.value(0.95) / 1_000_000.0,
-            durations.value(0.99) / 1_000_000.0,
-            durations.value(0.999) / 1_000_000.0
-        );
+        if !self.durations.is_empty() {
+            tracing::debug!(
+                "Read duration: p50={}ms p95={}ms p99={}ms p999={}ms",
+                self.durations
+                    .quantile(0.5)
+                    .vortex_expect("must not be empty")
+                    .as_millis(),
+                self.durations
+                    .quantile(0.95)
+                    .vortex_expect("must not be empty")
+                    .as_millis(),
+                self.durations
+                    .quantile(0.99)
+                    .vortex_expect("must not be empty")
+                    .as_millis(),
+                self.durations
+                    .quantile(0.999)
+                    .vortex_expect("must not be empty")
+                    .as_millis(),
+            );
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -251,15 +291,16 @@ impl<T: VortexReadAt + Clone> VortexReadAt for InstrumentedReadAt<T> {
         length: usize,
         alignment: Alignment,
     ) -> BoxFuture<'static, VortexResult<BufferHandle>> {
-        let durations = self.durations.clone();
-        let sizes = self.sizes.clone();
-        let total_size = self.total_size.clone();
+        let durations = self.metrics.durations.clone();
+        let sizes = self.metrics.sizes.clone();
+        let total_size = self.metrics.total_size.clone();
+
         let read_fut = self.read.read_at(offset, length, alignment);
         async move {
             let _timer = durations.time();
             let buf = read_fut.await;
-            sizes.update(length as i64);
-            total_size.add(length as i64);
+            sizes.update(length as f64);
+            total_size.add(length as u64);
             buf
         }
         .boxed()
diff --git a/vortex-layout/src/segments/cache.rs b/vortex-layout/src/segments/cache.rs
index 9bcb4db32a3..b4fa78073c9 100644
--- a/vortex-layout/src/segments/cache.rs
+++ b/vortex-layout/src/segments/cache.rs
@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@ use vortex_buffer::ByteBuffer;
 use vortex_error::VortexExpect;
 use vortex_error::VortexResult;
 use vortex_metrics::Counter;
-use vortex_metrics::VortexMetrics;
+use vortex_metrics::MetricBuilder;
+use vortex_metrics::MetricsRegistry;
 
 use crate::segments::SegmentFuture;
 use crate::segments::SegmentId;
@@ -76,18 +77,20 @@ impl SegmentCache for MokaSegmentCache {
 pub struct SegmentCacheMetrics<C> {
     segment_cache: C,
 
-    hits: Arc<Counter>,
-    misses: Arc<Counter>,
-    stores: Arc<Counter>,
+    hits: Counter,
+    misses: Counter,
+    stores: Counter,
 }
 
 impl<C: SegmentCache> SegmentCacheMetrics<C> {
-    pub fn new(segment_cache: C, metrics: VortexMetrics) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(segment_cache: C, metrics_registry: &dyn MetricsRegistry) -> Self {
         Self {
             segment_cache,
-            hits: metrics.counter("vortex.file.segments.cache.hits"),
-            misses: metrics.counter("vortex.file.segments.cache.misses"),
-            stores: metrics.counter("vortex.file.segments.cache.stores"),
+            hits: MetricBuilder::new(metrics_registry).counter("vortex.file.segments.cache.hits"),
+            misses: MetricBuilder::new(metrics_registry)
+                .counter("vortex.file.segments.cache.misses"),
+            stores: MetricBuilder::new(metrics_registry)
+                .counter("vortex.file.segments.cache.stores"),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -97,16 +100,16 @@ impl<C: SegmentCache> SegmentCache for SegmentCacheMetrics<C> {
     async fn get(&self, id: SegmentId) -> VortexResult<Option<ByteBuffer>> {
         let result = self.segment_cache.get(id).await?;
         if result.is_some() {
-            self.hits.inc()
+            self.hits.add(1);
         } else {
-            self.misses.inc()
+            self.misses.add(1);
         }
         Ok(result)
     }
 
     async fn put(&self, id: SegmentId, buffer: ByteBuffer) -> VortexResult<()> {
         self.segment_cache.put(id, buffer).await?;
-        self.stores.inc();
+        self.stores.add(1);
         Ok(())
     }
 }
diff --git a/vortex-layout/src/test.rs b/vortex-layout/src/test.rs
index 47ebfa594eb..736b487db9f 100644
--- a/vortex-layout/src/test.rs
+++ b/vortex-layout/src/test.rs
@@ -6,14 +6,12 @@ use std::sync::LazyLock;
 use vortex_array::expr::session::ExprSession;
 use vortex_array::session::ArraySession;
 use vortex_io::session::RuntimeSession;
-use vortex_metrics::VortexMetrics;
 use vortex_session::VortexSession;
 
 use crate::session::LayoutSession;
 
 pub static SESSION: LazyLock<VortexSession> = LazyLock::new(|| {
     VortexSession::empty()
-        .with::<VortexMetrics>()
         .with::<ArraySession>()
         .with::<LayoutSession>()
         .with::<ExprSession>()
diff --git a/vortex-metrics/Cargo.toml b/vortex-metrics/Cargo.toml
index 59eeeb884c4..41a981ba5a0 100644
--- a/vortex-metrics/Cargo.toml
+++ b/vortex-metrics/Cargo.toml
@@ -16,8 +16,11 @@ version = { workspace = true }
 [dependencies]
 getrandom_v03 = { workspace = true }
 parking_lot = { workspace = true }
+sketches-ddsketch = { workspace = true }
 vortex-session = { workspace = true }
-witchcraft-metrics = { workspace = true }
+
+[target.'cfg(target_pointer_width = "32")'.dependencies]
+portable-atomic = { workspace = true }
 
 [lints]
 workspace = true
diff --git a/vortex-metrics/src/counter.rs b/vortex-metrics/src/counter.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e608f972912
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vortex-metrics/src/counter.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+use std::sync::Arc;
+#[cfg(not(target_pointer_width = "32"))]
+pub use std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64;
+use std::sync::atomic::Ordering;
+
+#[cfg(target_pointer_width = "32")]
+pub use portable_atomic::AtomicU64;
+
+/// A commutative value that can only be increased, and starts at 0 on initialization.
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct Counter(Arc<AtomicU64>);
+
+impl Counter {
+    pub(crate) fn new() -> Self {
+        Self(Default::default())
+    }
+
+    /// Adds `value` to the counter
+    pub fn add(&self, value: u64) {
+        self.0.fetch_add(value, Ordering::Release);
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the latest value stored in the counter
+    pub fn value(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.0.load(Ordering::Acquire)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/vortex-metrics/src/gauge.rs b/vortex-metrics/src/gauge.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f8c44aaeac4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vortex-metrics/src/gauge.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+use std::sync::Arc;
+#[cfg(not(target_pointer_width = "32"))]
+pub use std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64;
+use std::sync::atomic::Ordering;
+
+#[cfg(target_pointer_width = "32")]
+pub use portable_atomic::AtomicU64;
+
+/// A gauge metric that can increase or decrease, representing a single value at the point of sampling.
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct Gauge(Arc<AtomicU64>);
+
+impl Gauge {
+    pub(crate) fn new() -> Self {
+        Self(Default::default())
+    }
+
+    /// Increment the gauge by value.
+    pub fn increment(&self, value: f64) {
+        loop {
+            if self
+                .0
+                .fetch_update(Ordering::AcqRel, Ordering::Relaxed, |current| {
+                    let input = f64::from_bits(current);
+                    Some((input + value).to_bits())
+                })
+                .is_ok()
+            {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Decrement the gauge by value.
+    pub fn decrement(&self, value: f64) {
+        loop {
+            if self
+                .0
+                .fetch_update(Ordering::AcqRel, Ordering::Relaxed, |current| {
+                    let input = f64::from_bits(current);
+                    Some((input - value).to_bits())
+                })
+                .is_ok()
+            {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the gauge to a specific value.
+    pub fn set(&self, value: f64) {
+        _ = self.0.swap(value.to_bits(), Ordering::AcqRel);
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the current value of the gauge.
+    pub fn value(&self) -> f64 {
+        let value = self.0.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
+        f64::from_bits(value)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/vortex-metrics/src/histogram.rs b/vortex-metrics/src/histogram.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59eadad44f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vortex-metrics/src/histogram.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+#![allow(clippy::expect_used)]
+#![allow(clippy::unwrap_in_result)]
+
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+use parking_lot::RwLock;
+use sketches_ddsketch::DDSketch;
+
+/// Stores an arbitrary number of data points, giving approximated information about its distribution.
+/// The current implementation uses an implementation of the [DDSketch] type but that might change in the future.
+///
+/// [DDSketch]: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1908.10693
+#[derive(Default, Clone)]
+pub struct Histogram(Arc<RwLock<DDSketch>>);
+
+impl Histogram {
+    pub(crate) fn new() -> Self {
+        Self(Default::default())
+    }
+
+    /// Adds a sample to the histogram
+    pub fn update(&self, value: f64) {
+        self.0.write().add(value);
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the estimated quantile value, which must be in the [0.0, 1.0] range, will panic otherwise.
+    /// Returns `None` if the histogram is empty.
+    pub fn quantile(&self, quantile: f64) -> Option<f64> {
+        assert!(
+            (0.0..=1.0).contains(&quantile),
+            "quantile must be between 0.0 and 1.0"
+        );
+        self.0
+            .read()
+            .quantile(quantile)
+            .expect("quantile range checked")
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the sum of all values stored in the histogram
+    pub fn total(&self) -> f64 {
+        self.0.read().sum().unwrap_or_default()
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the number of values recorded.
+    pub fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        self.0.read().count()
+    }
+
+    /// Returns true if the histogram contains 0 samples.
+    pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
+        self.0.read().count() == 0
+    }
+}
diff --git a/vortex-metrics/src/lib.rs b/vortex-metrics/src/lib.rs
index c875d6680c8..08203883e3f 100644
--- a/vortex-metrics/src/lib.rs
+++ b/vortex-metrics/src/lib.rs
@@ -6,300 +6,248 @@
 //! Vortex metrics
 
 use std::borrow::Cow;
-use std::collections::BTreeMap;
-use std::fmt::Debug;
-use std::fmt::Formatter;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
-use parking_lot::RwLock;
-use witchcraft_metrics::MetricRegistry;
-use witchcraft_metrics::Metrics;
-use witchcraft_metrics::MetricsIter;
+use parking_lot::Mutex;
 
-/// A metric registry for various performance metrics.
-#[derive(Default, Clone)]
-pub struct VortexMetrics {
-    inner: Arc<Inner>,
-}
+mod counter;
+mod gauge;
+mod histogram;
+mod timer;
 
-#[derive(Default)]
-struct Inner {
-    registry: MetricRegistry,
-    default_tags: DefaultTags,
-    children: RwLock<Vec<VortexMetrics>>,
-}
+pub use counter::*;
+pub use gauge::*;
+pub use histogram::*;
+pub use timer::*;
 
-impl Debug for VortexMetrics {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        f.debug_struct("VortexMetrics")
-            .field("default_tags", &self.inner.default_tags)
-            .field("children", &self.inner.children)
-            .finish_non_exhaustive()
-    }
+/// A metric KV label.
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct Label {
+    key: Cow<'static, str>,
+    value: Cow<'static, str>,
 }
 
-// re-export exposed metric types
-pub use witchcraft_metrics::Counter;
-pub use witchcraft_metrics::Histogram;
-pub use witchcraft_metrics::Metric;
-pub use witchcraft_metrics::MetricId;
-pub use witchcraft_metrics::Tags;
-pub use witchcraft_metrics::Timer;
-
-/// Default tags for metrics used in [`VortexMetrics`].
-#[derive(Default, Clone, Debug)]
-pub struct DefaultTags(BTreeMap<Cow<'static, str>, Cow<'static, str>>);
-
-impl<K, V, I> From<I> for DefaultTags
+impl<K, V> From<(K, V)> for Label
 where
-    I: IntoIterator<Item = (K, V)>,
     K: Into<Cow<'static, str>>,
     V: Into<Cow<'static, str>>,
 {
-    fn from(pairs: I) -> Self {
-        DefaultTags(
-            pairs
-                .into_iter()
-                .map(|(k, v)| (k.into(), v.into()))
-                .collect(),
-        )
+    fn from(value: (K, V)) -> Self {
+        Label::new(value.0, value.1)
     }
 }
 
-impl VortexMetrics {
-    /// Create a new [`VortexMetrics`] instance.
-    pub fn new(registry: MetricRegistry, default_tags: impl Into<DefaultTags>) -> Self {
-        let inner = Arc::new(Inner {
-            registry,
-            default_tags: default_tags.into(),
-            children: Default::default(),
-        });
-        Self { inner }
+impl Label {
+    /// Creates a new label
+    pub fn new(key: impl Into<Cow<'static, str>>, value: impl Into<Cow<'static, str>>) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            key: key.into(),
+            value: value.into(),
+        }
     }
 
-    /// Create an empty metric registry with default tags.
-    pub fn new_with_tags(default_tags: impl Into<DefaultTags>) -> Self {
-        Self::new(MetricRegistry::default(), default_tags)
+    /// Returns the label's key
+    pub fn key(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.key
     }
 
-    /// Create a new metrics registry with additional tags. Metrics created in the
-    /// child registry will be included in this registry's snapshots.
-    pub fn child_with_tags(&self, additional_tags: impl Into<DefaultTags>) -> Self {
-        let child = Self::new_with_tags(self.inner.default_tags.merge(&additional_tags.into()));
-        self.inner.children.write().push(child.clone());
-        child
+    /// Returns the label's value
+    pub fn value(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.value
     }
+}
 
-    /// Returns the counter with the specified ID, creating a default instance if absent.
-    ///
-    /// # Panics
-    ///
-    /// Panics if a metric is registered with the ID that is not a counter.
-    pub fn counter<T>(&self, id: T) -> Arc<Counter>
-    where
-        T: Into<MetricId>,
-    {
-        self.inner.registry.counter(id)
+/// A registry for metrics that allows creating and storing metrics with labels.
+///
+/// Both metrics and labels might not be unique, and its up to users to resolve such cases.
+pub trait MetricsRegistry: Send + Sync {
+    /// Create a counter with the given name and labels.
+    fn register_counter(&self, name: Cow<'static, str>, labels: Vec<Label>) -> Counter;
+
+    /// Create a histogram with the given name and labels.
+    fn register_histogram(&self, name: Cow<'static, str>, labels: Vec<Label>) -> Histogram;
+
+    /// Create a timer with the given name and labels.
+    fn register_timer(&self, name: Cow<'static, str>, labels: Vec<Label>) -> Timer;
+
+    /// Create a gauge with the given name and labels.
+    fn register_gauge(&self, name: Cow<'static, str>, labels: Vec<Label>) -> Gauge;
+
+    /// Returns a snapshot of the current metric values stored in the registry.
+    /// Metrics might not be unique.
+    fn snapshot(&self) -> Vec<Metric>;
+}
+
+/// Builder for creating metrics with labels.
+pub struct MetricBuilder<'s> {
+    labels: Vec<Label>,
+    registry: &'s dyn MetricsRegistry,
+}
+
+impl<'r> MetricBuilder<'r> {
+    /// Create a new builder for a metric backed by a [`MetricsRegistry`].
+    pub fn new(registry: &'r dyn MetricsRegistry) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            labels: vec![],
+            registry,
+        }
     }
 
-    /// Returns the histogram with the specified ID, creating a default instance if absent.
-    ///
-    /// # Panics
-    ///
-    /// Panics if a metric is registered with the ID that is not a histogram.
-    pub fn histogram<T>(&self, id: T) -> Arc<Histogram>
+    /// Add a label to the metric. Labels might not be unique, and its up to consumers of this data to resolve such cases.
+    pub fn add_label<K, V>(mut self, key: K, value: V) -> Self
     where
-        T: Into<MetricId>,
+        K: Into<Cow<'static, str>>,
+        V: Into<Cow<'static, str>>,
     {
-        self.inner.registry.histogram(id)
+        self.labels.push(Label::new(key, value));
+        self
     }
 
-    /// Returns the timer with the specified ID, creating a default instance if absent.
-    ///
-    /// # Panics
-    ///
-    /// Panics if a metric is registered with the ID that is not a timer.
-    pub fn timer<T>(&self, id: T) -> Arc<Timer>
+    /// Adds multiple labels to the metric. Labels might not be unique, and its up to consumers of this data to resolve such cases.
+    pub fn add_labels<I, L>(mut self, labels: I) -> Self
     where
-        T: Into<MetricId>,
+        I: IntoIterator<Item = L>,
+        L: Into<Label>,
     {
-        self.inner.registry.timer(id)
+        self.labels.extend(labels.into_iter().map(|l| l.into()));
+        self
     }
 
-    /// Returns a snapshot of the metrics in the registry.
-    ///
-    /// Modifications to the registry after this method is called will not affect the state of the returned `MetricsSnapshot`.
-    ///
-    /// Note: Tag values may contain sensitive information and should be properly sanitized before external exposure.
-    pub fn snapshot(&self) -> MetricsSnapshot {
-        let children = self.inner.children.read();
-        let snapshots = children.iter().map(|c| c.snapshot());
-        MetricsSnapshot(
-            std::iter::once((
-                self.inner.default_tags.clone(),
-                self.inner.registry.metrics(),
-            ))
-            .chain(snapshots.flat_map(|snapshots| snapshots.0.into_iter()))
-            .collect(),
-        )
+    /// Creates a new [`Counter`] with the given name, registering it with the backend.
+    pub fn counter(self, name: impl Into<Cow<'static, str>>) -> Counter {
+        self.registry.register_counter(name.into(), self.labels)
     }
-}
 
-/// A snapshot of the metrics in a registry with default tags.
-pub struct MetricsSnapshot(Vec<(DefaultTags, Metrics)>);
-
-impl MetricsSnapshot {
-    /// Create an iterator over the metrics snapshot.
-    pub fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = (MetricId, &Metric)> {
-        self.0
-            .iter()
-            .flat_map(|(default_tags, metrics)| VortexMetricsIter {
-                iter: metrics.iter(),
-                default_tags,
-            })
+    /// Creates a new [`Histogram`] with the given name, registering it with the backend.
+    pub fn histogram(self, name: impl Into<Cow<'static, str>>) -> Histogram {
+        self.registry.register_histogram(name.into(), self.labels)
+    }
+
+    /// Creates a new [`Timer`] with the given name, registering it with the backend.
+    pub fn timer(self, name: impl Into<Cow<'static, str>>) -> Timer {
+        self.registry.register_timer(name.into(), self.labels)
     }
-}
 
-/// Metrics Iterator that applies the default tags to each metric in the inner iterator.
-pub struct VortexMetricsIter<'a> {
-    iter: MetricsIter<'a>,
-    default_tags: &'a DefaultTags,
+    /// Creates a new [`Gauge`] with the given name, registering it with the backend.
+    pub fn gauge(self, name: impl Into<Cow<'static, str>>) -> Gauge {
+        self.registry.register_gauge(name.into(), self.labels)
+    }
 }
 
-impl<'a> Iterator for VortexMetricsIter<'a> {
-    type Item = (MetricId, &'a Metric);
+/// Default metrics registry, stores all state in-memory.
+#[derive(Default, Clone)]
+pub struct DefaultMetricsRegistry {
+    inner: Arc<Mutex<Vec<Metric>>>,
+}
 
-    #[inline]
-    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<(MetricId, &'a Metric)> {
-        self.iter.next().map(|(k, v)| {
-            let mut metric_id = k.clone();
-            for (tag_key, tag_value) in self.default_tags.0.iter() {
-                metric_id = metric_id.with_tag(tag_key.clone(), tag_value.clone())
-            }
+#[derive(Clone)]
+/// The value of a metric.
+pub enum MetricValue {
+    /// Counter value
+    Counter(Counter),
+    /// Histogram value
+    Histogram(Histogram),
+    /// Timer value
+    Timer(Timer),
+    /// Gauge value
+    Gauge(Gauge),
+}
 
-            (metric_id, v)
-        })
+impl From<Counter> for MetricValue {
+    fn from(value: Counter) -> Self {
+        Self::Counter(value)
     }
+}
 
-    #[inline]
-    fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>) {
-        self.iter.size_hint()
+impl From<Histogram> for MetricValue {
+    fn from(value: Histogram) -> Self {
+        Self::Histogram(value)
     }
 }
 
-impl DefaultTags {
-    fn merge(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
-        DefaultTags(
-            self.0
-                .iter()
-                .chain(other.0.iter())
-                .map(|(k, v)| (k.clone(), v.clone()))
-                .collect(),
-        )
+impl From<Timer> for MetricValue {
+    fn from(value: Timer) -> Self {
+        Self::Timer(value)
     }
 }
 
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-    use super::*;
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_default_tags() -> Result<(), &'static str> {
-        let tags = [("file", "a"), ("partition", "1")];
-        let metrics = VortexMetrics::new_with_tags(tags);
-
-        // Create a metric to verify tags
-        let counter = metrics.counter("test.counter");
-        counter.inc();
-        let snapshot = metrics.snapshot();
-        let (name, metric) = snapshot.iter().next().unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(
-            name,
-            MetricId::new("test.counter")
-                .with_tag("file", "a")
-                .with_tag("partition", "1")
-        );
-        match metric {
-            Metric::Counter(c) => assert_eq!(c.count(), 1),
-            _ => return Err("metric is not a counter"),
-        }
-        Ok(())
+impl From<Gauge> for MetricValue {
+    fn from(value: Gauge) -> Self {
+        Self::Gauge(value)
     }
+}
 
-    #[test]
-    fn test_multiple_children_with_different_tags() -> Result<(), &'static str> {
-        let parent_tags = [("service", "vortex")];
-        let parent = VortexMetrics::new_with_tags(parent_tags);
-
-        let child1_tags = [("instance", "child1")];
-        let child2_tags = [("instance", "child2")];
+/// A stored metric with name, labels, and value.
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct Metric {
+    name: Cow<'static, str>,
+    labels: Vec<Label>,
+    value: MetricValue,
+}
 
-        let child1 = parent.child_with_tags(child1_tags);
-        let child2 = parent.child_with_tags(child2_tags);
+impl Metric {
+    /// Returns the name of the metric
+    pub fn name(&self) -> &Cow<'static, str> {
+        &self.name
+    }
 
-        // Create same metric in both children
-        let counter1 = child1.counter("test.counter");
-        let counter2 = child2.counter("test.counter");
+    /// Returns the labels assigned to this metric
+    pub fn labels(&self) -> &[Label] {
+        &self.labels
+    }
 
-        counter1.inc();
-        counter2.add(2);
+    /// Returns the current value of the metric
+    pub fn value(&self) -> &MetricValue {
+        &self.value
+    }
+}
 
-        // Verify child1 metrics
-        let child1_snapshot = child1.snapshot();
-        let (name, metric) = child1_snapshot.iter().next().unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(
+impl MetricsRegistry for DefaultMetricsRegistry {
+    fn register_counter(&self, name: Cow<'static, str>, labels: Vec<Label>) -> Counter {
+        let counter = Counter::new();
+        let metric = Metric {
             name,
-            MetricId::new("test.counter")
-                .with_tag("service", "vortex")
-                .with_tag("instance", "child1")
-        );
-        match metric {
-            Metric::Counter(c) => assert_eq!(c.count(), 1),
-            _ => return Err("metric is not a counter"),
-        }
+            labels,
+            value: counter.clone().into(),
+        };
+        self.inner.lock().push(metric);
+        counter
+    }
 
-        // Verify child2 metrics
-        let child2_snapshot = child2.snapshot();
-        let (name, metric) = child2_snapshot.iter().next().unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(
+    fn register_histogram(&self, name: Cow<'static, str>, labels: Vec<Label>) -> Histogram {
+        let histogram = Histogram::new();
+        let metric = Metric {
             name,
-            MetricId::new("test.counter")
-                .with_tag("service", "vortex")
-                .with_tag("instance", "child2")
-        );
-        match metric {
-            Metric::Counter(c) => assert_eq!(c.count(), 2),
-            _ => return Err("metric is not a counter"),
-        }
-        Ok(())
+            labels,
+            value: histogram.clone().into(),
+        };
+        self.inner.lock().push(metric);
+        histogram
     }
 
-    #[test]
-    fn test_tag_overriding() -> Result<(), &'static str> {
-        let parent_tags = [("service", "vortex"), ("environment", "test")];
-        let parent = VortexMetrics::new_with_tags(parent_tags);
-
-        // Child tries to override parent's service tag
-        let child_tags = [("service", "override"), ("instance", "child1")];
-        let child = parent.child_with_tags(child_tags);
-
-        let child_counter = child.counter("test.counter");
-        child_counter.inc();
+    fn register_timer(&self, name: Cow<'static, str>, labels: Vec<Label>) -> Timer {
+        let timer = Timer::new();
+        let metric = Metric {
+            name,
+            labels,
+            value: timer.clone().into(),
+        };
+        self.inner.lock().push(metric);
+        timer
+    }
 
-        // Verify child metrics have the overridden tag value
-        let child_snapshot = child.snapshot();
-        let (name, metric) = child_snapshot.iter().next().unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(
+    fn register_gauge(&self, name: Cow<'static, str>, labels: Vec<Label>) -> Gauge {
+        let gauge = Gauge::new();
+        let metric = Metric {
             name,
-            MetricId::new("test.counter")
-                .with_tag("service", "override")
-                .with_tag("environment", "test")
-                .with_tag("instance", "child1")
-        );
-        match metric {
-            Metric::Counter(c) => assert_eq!(c.count(), 1),
-            _ => return Err("metric is not a counter"),
-        }
-        Ok(())
+            labels,
+            value: gauge.clone().into(),
+        };
+        self.inner.lock().push(metric);
+        gauge
+    }
+
+    fn snapshot(&self) -> Vec<Metric> {
+        self.inner.lock().clone()
     }
 }
diff --git a/vortex-metrics/src/timer.rs b/vortex-metrics/src/timer.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..11b32f6f1e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vortex-metrics/src/timer.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
+
+#![allow(clippy::expect_used)]
+#![allow(clippy::unwrap_in_result)]
+
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::time::Duration;
+use std::time::Instant;
+
+use parking_lot::RwLock;
+use sketches_ddsketch::DDSketch;
+
+/// A specialized histogram for storing timed measurements. Like [`Histogram`], it uses [DDSketch] to store approximated values
+/// but accepts and returns nano-scale durations.
+///
+/// [`Histogram`]: crate::Histogram
+#[derive(Clone, Default)]
+pub struct Timer(Arc<RwLock<DDSketch>>);
+
+impl Timer {
+    pub(crate) fn new() -> Self {
+        Self(Default::default())
+    }
+
+    /// Record a duration.
+    pub fn update(&self, duration: Duration) {
+        self.0.write().add(duration.as_secs_f64());
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the sum of all recorded durations.
+    pub fn total(&self) -> Duration {
+        self.0
+            .read()
+            .sum()
+            .map(Duration::from_secs_f64)
+            .unwrap_or_default()
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the estimated quantile value, which must be in the [0.0, 1.0] range, will panic otherwise.
+    /// Returns `None` if the timer is empty.
+    pub fn quantile(&self, quantile: f64) -> Option<Duration> {
+        assert!(
+            (0.0..=1.0).contains(&quantile),
+            "quantile must be between 0.0 and 1.0"
+        );
+        self.0
+            .read()
+            .quantile(quantile)
+            .expect("quantile range checked")
+            .map(Duration::from_secs_f64)
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the number of values recorded.
+    pub fn count(&self) -> usize {
+        self.0.read().count()
+    }
+
+    /// Returns true if the timer contains 0 samples.
+    pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
+        self.0.read().count() == 0
+    }
+
+    /// Returns a RAII guard that starts measuring time, recording time passed between it being created to being dropped.
+    pub fn time(&self) -> TimeGuard<'_> {
+        TimeGuard {
+            source: self,
+            start: Instant::now(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// RAII guard attached to a [`Timer`] instance, will record the time passed since its creation when dropped.
+pub struct TimeGuard<'a> {
+    source: &'a Timer,
+    start: Instant,
+}
+
+impl Drop for TimeGuard<'_> {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        let elapsed = self.start.elapsed();
+        self.source.update(elapsed);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/vortex-scan/src/scan_builder.rs b/vortex-scan/src/scan_builder.rs
index af2995d3625..08db7ac102b 100644
--- a/vortex-scan/src/scan_builder.rs
+++ b/vortex-scan/src/scan_builder.rs
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ use vortex_io::session::RuntimeSessionExt;
 use vortex_layout::LayoutReader;
 use vortex_layout::LayoutReaderRef;
 use vortex_layout::layouts::row_idx::RowIdxLayoutReader;
-use vortex_metrics::VortexMetrics;
+use vortex_metrics::MetricsRegistry;
 use vortex_session::VortexSession;
 
 use crate::RepeatedScan;
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ pub struct ScanBuilder<A> {
     concurrency: usize,
     /// Function to apply to each [`ArrayRef`] within the spawned split tasks.
     map_fn: Arc<dyn Fn(ArrayRef) -> VortexResult<A> + Send + Sync>,
-    metrics: VortexMetrics,
+    metrics: Option<Arc<dyn MetricsRegistry>>,
     /// Should we try to prune the file (using stats) on open.
     file_stats: Option<Arc<[StatsSet]>>,
     /// Maximal number of rows to read (after filtering)
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ impl ScanBuilder<ArrayRef> {
             // without too much impact on work-stealing.
             concurrency: 4,
             map_fn: Arc::new(Ok),
-            metrics: Default::default(),
+            metrics: None,
             file_stats: None,
             limit: None,
             row_offset: 0,
@@ -175,8 +175,8 @@ impl<A: 'static + Send> ScanBuilder<A> {
         self
     }
 
-    pub fn with_metrics(mut self, metrics: VortexMetrics) -> Self {
-        self.metrics = metrics;
+    pub fn with_metrics(mut self, metrics: Arc<dyn MetricsRegistry>) -> Self {
+        self.metrics = Some(metrics);
         self
     }
 
diff --git a/vortex-scan/src/test.rs b/vortex-scan/src/test.rs
index d150d159716..9afe6aa034f 100644
--- a/vortex-scan/src/test.rs
+++ b/vortex-scan/src/test.rs
@@ -9,12 +9,10 @@ use vortex_io::runtime::Handle;
 use vortex_io::session::RuntimeSession;
 use vortex_io::session::RuntimeSessionExt;
 use vortex_layout::session::LayoutSession;
-use vortex_metrics::VortexMetrics;
 use vortex_session::VortexSession;
 
 pub fn new_session() -> VortexSession {
     VortexSession::empty()
-        .with::<VortexMetrics>()
         .with::<ArraySession>()
         .with::<LayoutSession>()
         .with::<ExprSession>()
diff --git a/vortex/src/lib.rs b/vortex/src/lib.rs
index d6dc3c3d479..e0832209966 100644
--- a/vortex/src/lib.rs
+++ b/vortex/src/lib.rs
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ use vortex_array::session::ArraySession;
 use vortex_dtype::session::DTypeSession;
 use vortex_io::session::RuntimeSession;
 use vortex_layout::session::LayoutSession;
-use vortex_metrics::VortexMetrics;
 use vortex_session::VortexSession;
 
 // We re-export like so in order to allow users to search inside subcrates when using the Rust docs.
@@ -155,7 +154,6 @@ impl VortexSessionDefault for VortexSession {
     #[allow(unused_mut)]
     fn default() -> VortexSession {
         let mut session = VortexSession::empty()
-            .with::<VortexMetrics>()
             .with::<DTypeSession>()
             .with::<ArraySession>()
             .with::<LayoutSession>()
diff --git a/wasm-test/Cargo.lock b/wasm-test/Cargo.lock
index a3d499787bd..533923e2b90 100644
--- a/wasm-test/Cargo.lock
+++ b/wasm-test/Cargo.lock
@@ -102,6 +102,27 @@ dependencies = [
  "num-traits",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "arrow-cast"
+version = "57.1.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e3d131abb183f80c450d4591dc784f8d7750c50c6e2bc3fcaad148afc8361271"
+dependencies = [
+ "arrow-array",
+ "arrow-buffer",
+ "arrow-data",
+ "arrow-ord",
+ "arrow-schema",
+ "arrow-select",
+ "atoi",
+ "base64",
+ "chrono",
+ "half",
+ "lexical-core",
+ "num-traits",
+ "ryu",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "arrow-data"
 version = "57.1.0"
@@ -233,7 +254,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "polling",
  "rustix",
  "slab",
- "windows-sys",
+ "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -291,7 +312,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "rustix",
  "signal-hook-registry",
  "slab",
- "windows-sys",
+ "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -313,7 +334,7 @@ checksum = "c7c24de15d275a1ecfd47a380fb4d5ec9bfe0933f309ed5e705b775596a3574d"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.114",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -330,7 +351,16 @@ checksum = "9035ad2d096bed7955a320ee7e2230574d28fd3c3a0f186cbea1ff3c7eed5dbb"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.114",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "atoi"
+version = "2.0.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f28d99ec8bfea296261ca1af174f24225171fea9664ba9003cbebee704810528"
+dependencies = [
+ "num-traits",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -345,6 +375,12 @@ version = "1.5.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "c08606f8c3cbf4ce6ec8e28fb0014a2c086708fe954eaa885384a6165172e7e8"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "base64"
+version = "0.22.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "72b3254f16251a8381aa12e40e3c4d2f0199f8c6508fbecb9d91f575e0fbb8c6"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "better_io"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -388,6 +424,17 @@ dependencies = [
  "piper",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "bstr"
+version = "1.12.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "63044e1ae8e69f3b5a92c736ca6269b8d12fa7efe39bf34ddb06d102cf0e2cab"
+dependencies = [
+ "memchr",
+ "regex-automata",
+ "serde",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "bumpalo"
 version = "3.19.0"
@@ -436,6 +483,18 @@ dependencies = [
  "crossbeam-utils",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "console"
+version = "0.15.11"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "054ccb5b10f9f2cbf51eb355ca1d05c2d279ce1804688d0db74b4733a5aeafd8"
+dependencies = [
+ "encode_unicode",
+ "libc",
+ "once_cell",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "const-random"
 version = "0.1.18"
@@ -498,16 +557,6 @@ version = "0.2.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "460fbee9c2c2f33933d720630a6a0bac33ba7053db5344fac858d4b8952d77d5"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "cudarc"
-version = "0.18.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ef0cfc5e22a6b6f7d04ee45b0151232ca236ede8ca3534210fd4072bdead0d60"
-dependencies = [
- "half",
- "libloading",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "dashmap"
 version = "6.1.0"
@@ -530,7 +579,7 @@ checksum = "97369cbbc041bc366949bc74d34658d6cda5621039731c6310521892a3a20ae0"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.114",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -545,6 +594,12 @@ version = "1.15.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "48c757948c5ede0e46177b7add2e67155f70e33c07fea8284df6576da70b3719"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "encode_unicode"
+version = "1.0.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "34aa73646ffb006b8f5147f3dc182bd4bcb190227ce861fc4a4844bf8e3cb2c0"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "enum-iterator"
 version = "2.3.0"
@@ -562,27 +617,7 @@ checksum = "685adfa4d6f3d765a26bc5dbc936577de9abf756c1feeb3089b01dd395034842"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "enum-map"
-version = "2.7.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6866f3bfdf8207509a033af1a75a7b08abda06bbaaeae6669323fd5a097df2e9"
-dependencies = [
- "enum-map-derive",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "enum-map-derive"
-version = "0.17.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f282cfdfe92516eb26c2af8589c274c7c17681f5ecc03c18255fe741c6aa64eb"
-dependencies = [
- "proc-macro2",
- "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.114",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -598,7 +633,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "39cab71617ae0d63f51a36d69f866391735b51691dbda63cf6f96d042b63efeb"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
- "windows-sys",
+ "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -622,16 +657,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "pin-project-lite",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "exponential-decay-histogram"
-version = "0.1.14"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d7962d7e9baab6ea05af175491fa6a8441f3bf461558037622142573d98dd6d6"
-dependencies = [
- "ordered-float 5.1.0",
- "rand",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "ext-trait"
 version = "1.0.1"
@@ -792,7 +817,7 @@ checksum = "162ee34ebcb7c64a8abebc059ce0fee27c2262618d7b60ed8faf72fef13c3650"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.114",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -807,6 +832,12 @@ version = "0.3.31"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "f90f7dce0722e95104fcb095585910c0977252f286e354b5e3bd38902cd99988"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "futures-timer"
+version = "3.0.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f288b0a4f20f9a56b5d1da57e2227c661b7b16168e2f72365f57b63326e29b24"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "futures-util"
 version = "0.3.31"
@@ -850,6 +881,24 @@ dependencies = [
  "wasm-bindgen",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "glob"
+version = "0.3.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0cc23270f6e1808e30a928bdc84dea0b9b4136a8bc82338574f23baf47bbd280"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "goldenfile"
+version = "1.8.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "cf39e208efa110ca273f7255aea02485103ffcb7e5dfa5e4196b05a02411618e"
+dependencies = [
+ "scopeguard",
+ "similar-asserts",
+ "tempfile",
+ "yansi",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "half"
 version = "2.7.1"
@@ -859,8 +908,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "crunchy",
  "num-traits",
- "rand",
- "rand_distr",
  "zerocopy",
 ]
 
@@ -1028,6 +1075,16 @@ dependencies = [
  "icu_properties",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "indexmap"
+version = "2.13.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7714e70437a7dc3ac8eb7e6f8df75fd8eb422675fc7678aff7364301092b1017"
+dependencies = [
+ "equivalent",
+ "hashbrown 0.16.1",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "inventory"
 version = "0.3.21"
@@ -1058,7 +1115,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "portable-atomic",
  "portable-atomic-util",
  "serde_core",
- "windows-sys",
+ "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1069,7 +1126,7 @@ checksum = "980af8b43c3ad5d8d349ace167ec8170839f753a42d233ba19e08afe1850fa69"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.114",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1133,21 +1190,68 @@ dependencies = [
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "libc"
-version = "0.2.178"
+name = "lexical-core"
+version = "1.0.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "37c93d8daa9d8a012fd8ab92f088405fb202ea0b6ab73ee2482ae66af4f42091"
+checksum = "7d8d125a277f807e55a77304455eb7b1cb52f2b18c143b60e766c120bd64a594"
+dependencies = [
+ "lexical-parse-float",
+ "lexical-parse-integer",
+ "lexical-util",
+ "lexical-write-float",
+ "lexical-write-integer",
+]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "libloading"
-version = "0.8.9"
+name = "lexical-parse-float"
+version = "1.0.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d7c4b02199fee7c5d21a5ae7d8cfa79a6ef5bb2fc834d6e9058e89c825efdc55"
+checksum = "52a9f232fbd6f550bc0137dcb5f99ab674071ac2d690ac69704593cb4abbea56"
 dependencies = [
- "cfg-if",
- "windows-link",
+ "lexical-parse-integer",
+ "lexical-util",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "lexical-parse-integer"
+version = "1.0.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9a7a039f8fb9c19c996cd7b2fcce303c1b2874fe1aca544edc85c4a5f8489b34"
+dependencies = [
+ "lexical-util",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "lexical-util"
+version = "1.0.7"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "2604dd126bb14f13fb5d1bd6a66155079cb9fa655b37f875b3a742c705dbed17"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "lexical-write-float"
+version = "1.0.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "50c438c87c013188d415fbabbb1dceb44249ab81664efbd31b14ae55dabb6361"
+dependencies = [
+ "lexical-util",
+ "lexical-write-integer",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "lexical-write-integer"
+version = "1.0.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "409851a618475d2d5796377cad353802345cba92c867d9fbcde9cf4eac4e14df"
+dependencies = [
+ "lexical-util",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "libc"
+version = "0.2.178"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "37c93d8daa9d8a012fd8ab92f088405fb202ea0b6ab73ee2482ae66af4f42091"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "libm"
 version = "0.2.15"
@@ -1242,7 +1346,7 @@ checksum = "b093064383341eb3271f42e381cb8f10a01459478446953953c75d24bd339fc0"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.114",
  "target-features",
 ]
 
@@ -1329,7 +1433,7 @@ checksum = "ff32365de1b6743cb203b710788263c44a03de03802daf96092f2da4fe6ba4d7"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.114",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1347,24 +1451,6 @@ version = "0.1.11"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "b4ce411919553d3f9fa53a0880544cda985a112117a0444d5ff1e870a893d6ea"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "ordered-float"
-version = "2.10.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "68f19d67e5a2795c94e73e0bb1cc1a7edeb2e28efd39e2e1c9b7a40c1108b11c"
-dependencies = [
- "num-traits",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "ordered-float"
-version = "5.1.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7f4779c6901a562440c3786d08192c6fbda7c1c2060edd10006b05ee35d10f2d"
-dependencies = [
- "num-traits",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "parking"
 version = "2.2.1"
@@ -1452,7 +1538,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "hermit-abi",
  "pin-project-lite",
  "rustix",
- "windows-sys",
+ "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1494,6 +1580,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "zerocopy",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "proc-macro-crate"
+version = "3.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "219cb19e96be00ab2e37d6e299658a0cfa83e52429179969b0f0121b4ac46983"
+dependencies = [
+ "toml_edit",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "proc-macro2"
 version = "1.0.103"
@@ -1523,7 +1618,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "itertools",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.114",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1556,16 +1651,37 @@ version = "0.7.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "dc33ff2d4973d518d823d61aa239014831e521c75da58e3df4840d3f47749d09"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "rand"
+version = "0.8.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "34af8d1a0e25924bc5b7c43c079c942339d8f0a8b57c39049bef581b46327404"
+dependencies = [
+ "libc",
+ "rand_chacha 0.3.1",
+ "rand_core 0.6.4",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "rand"
 version = "0.9.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "6db2770f06117d490610c7488547d543617b21bfa07796d7a12f6f1bd53850d1"
 dependencies = [
- "rand_chacha",
+ "rand_chacha 0.9.0",
  "rand_core 0.9.3",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "rand_chacha"
+version = "0.3.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e6c10a63a0fa32252be49d21e7709d4d4baf8d231c2dbce1eaa8141b9b127d88"
+dependencies = [
+ "ppv-lite86",
+ "rand_core 0.6.4",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "rand_chacha"
 version = "0.9.0"
@@ -1581,6 +1697,9 @@ name = "rand_core"
 version = "0.6.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "ec0be4795e2f6a28069bec0b5ff3e2ac9bafc99e6a9a7dc3547996c5c816922c"
+dependencies = [
+ "getrandom 0.2.16",
+]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rand_core"
@@ -1591,16 +1710,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "getrandom 0.3.4",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "rand_distr"
-version = "0.5.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6a8615d50dcf34fa31f7ab52692afec947c4dd0ab803cc87cb3b0b4570ff7463"
-dependencies = [
- "num-traits",
- "rand",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "rand_xoshiro"
 version = "0.6.0"
@@ -1648,6 +1757,52 @@ version = "0.8.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "7a2d987857b319362043e95f5353c0535c1f58eec5336fdfcf626430af7def58"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "relative-path"
+version = "1.9.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ba39f3699c378cd8970968dcbff9c43159ea4cfbd88d43c00b22f2ef10a435d2"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rstest"
+version = "0.26.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f5a3193c063baaa2a95a33f03035c8a72b83d97a54916055ba22d35ed3839d49"
+dependencies = [
+ "futures-timer",
+ "futures-util",
+ "rstest_macros",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rstest_macros"
+version = "0.26.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9c845311f0ff7951c5506121a9ad75aec44d083c31583b2ea5a30bcb0b0abba0"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "glob",
+ "proc-macro-crate",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "regex",
+ "relative-path",
+ "rustc_version",
+ "syn 2.0.114",
+ "unicode-ident",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rstest_reuse"
+version = "0.7.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b3a8fb4672e840a587a66fc577a5491375df51ddb88f2a2c2a792598c326fe14"
+dependencies = [
+ "quote",
+ "rand 0.8.5",
+ "syn 2.0.114",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "rustc-hash"
 version = "2.1.1"
@@ -1673,7 +1828,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "errno",
  "libc",
  "linux-raw-sys",
- "windows-sys",
+ "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1682,6 +1837,12 @@ version = "1.0.22"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "b39cdef0fa800fc44525c84ccb54a029961a8215f9619753635a9c0d2538d46d"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "ryu"
+version = "1.0.22"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a50f4cf475b65d88e057964e0e9bb1f0aa9bbb2036dc65c64596b42932536984"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "scopeguard"
 version = "1.2.0"
@@ -1710,16 +1871,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde_derive",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "serde-value"
-version = "0.7.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f3a1a3341211875ef120e117ea7fd5228530ae7e7036a779fdc9117be6b3282c"
-dependencies = [
- "ordered-float 2.10.1",
- "serde",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "serde_core"
 version = "1.0.228"
@@ -1737,7 +1888,7 @@ checksum = "d540f220d3187173da220f885ab66608367b6574e925011a9353e4badda91d79"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.114",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1761,6 +1912,26 @@ version = "0.1.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "e3a9fe34e3e7a50316060351f37187a3f546bce95496156754b601a5fa71b76e"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "similar"
+version = "2.7.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "bbbb5d9659141646ae647b42fe094daf6c6192d1620870b449d9557f748b2daa"
+dependencies = [
+ "bstr",
+ "unicode-segmentation",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "similar-asserts"
+version = "1.7.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b5b441962c817e33508847a22bd82f03a30cff43642dc2fae8b050566121eb9a"
+dependencies = [
+ "console",
+ "similar",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "sketches-ddsketch"
 version = "0.3.0"
@@ -1821,9 +1992,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "syn"
-version = "2.0.111"
+version = "2.0.114"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "390cc9a294ab71bdb1aa2e99d13be9c753cd2d7bd6560c77118597410c4d2e87"
+checksum = "d4d107df263a3013ef9b1879b0df87d706ff80f65a86ea879bd9c31f9b307c2a"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -1838,7 +2009,7 @@ checksum = "728a70f3dbaf5bab7f0c4b1ac8d7ae5ea60a4b5549c8a5914361c99147a709d2"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.114",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1859,6 +2030,19 @@ version = "0.1.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "c1bbb9f3c5c463a01705937a24fdabc5047929ac764b2d5b9cf681c1f5041ed5"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "tempfile"
+version = "3.23.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "2d31c77bdf42a745371d260a26ca7163f1e0924b64afa0b688e61b5a9fa02f16"
+dependencies = [
+ "fastrand",
+ "getrandom 0.3.4",
+ "once_cell",
+ "rustix",
+ "windows-sys 0.61.2",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "termtree"
 version = "0.5.1"
@@ -1895,25 +2079,43 @@ dependencies = [
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "tracing"
-version = "0.1.43"
+name = "toml_datetime"
+version = "0.7.5+spec-1.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2d15d90a0b5c19378952d479dc858407149d7bb45a14de0142f6c534b16fc647"
+checksum = "92e1cfed4a3038bc5a127e35a2d360f145e1f4b971b551a2ba5fd7aedf7e1347"
 dependencies = [
- "pin-project-lite",
- "tracing-attributes",
- "tracing-core",
+ "serde_core",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "tracing-attributes"
-version = "0.1.31"
+name = "toml_edit"
+version = "0.23.10+spec-1.0.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7490cfa5ec963746568740651ac6781f701c9c5ea257c58e057f3ba8cf69e8da"
+checksum = "84c8b9f757e028cee9fa244aea147aab2a9ec09d5325a9b01e0a49730c2b5269"
 dependencies = [
- "proc-macro2",
- "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "indexmap",
+ "toml_datetime",
+ "toml_parser",
+ "winnow",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "toml_parser"
+version = "1.0.6+spec-1.1.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a3198b4b0a8e11f09dd03e133c0280504d0801269e9afa46362ffde1cbeebf44"
+dependencies = [
+ "winnow",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "tracing"
+version = "0.1.43"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "2d15d90a0b5c19378952d479dc858407149d7bb45a14de0142f6c534b16fc647"
+dependencies = [
+ "pin-project-lite",
+ "tracing-core",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1921,9 +2123,6 @@ name = "tracing-core"
 version = "0.1.35"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "7a04e24fab5c89c6a36eb8558c9656f30d81de51dfa4d3b45f26b21d61fa0a6c"
-dependencies = [
- "once_cell",
-]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "unicode-ident"
@@ -1931,6 +2130,12 @@ version = "1.0.22"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "9312f7c4f6ff9069b165498234ce8be658059c6728633667c526e27dc2cf1df5"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "unicode-segmentation"
+version = "1.12.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f6ccf251212114b54433ec949fd6a7841275f9ada20dddd2f29e9ceea4501493"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "url"
 version = "2.5.7"
@@ -1970,13 +2175,13 @@ checksum = "0b928f33d975fc6ad9f86c8f283853ad26bdd5b10b7f1542aa2fa15e2289105a"
 name = "vortex"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
- "fastlanes",
- "rand",
  "vortex-alp",
  "vortex-array",
  "vortex-btrblocks",
  "vortex-buffer",
  "vortex-bytebool",
+ "vortex-compute",
+ "vortex-cuda-macros",
  "vortex-datetime-parts",
  "vortex-decimal-byte-parts",
  "vortex-dtype",
@@ -2018,7 +2223,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "vortex-scalar",
  "vortex-session",
  "vortex-utils",
- "vortex-vector",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2029,23 +2233,21 @@ dependencies = [
  "arrow-arith",
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-buffer",
+ "arrow-cast",
  "arrow-data",
  "arrow-ord",
  "arrow-schema",
  "arrow-select",
  "arrow-string",
- "async-trait",
- "bitvec",
  "cfg-if",
  "enum-iterator",
- "enum-map",
  "flatbuffers",
  "futures",
  "getrandom 0.3.4",
+ "goldenfile",
  "humansize",
  "inventory",
  "itertools",
- "log",
  "multiversion",
  "num-traits",
  "num_enum",
@@ -2053,19 +2255,19 @@ dependencies = [
  "paste",
  "pin-project-lite",
  "prost",
- "rand",
+ "rand 0.9.2",
+ "rstest",
+ "rstest_reuse",
  "rustc-hash",
  "simdutf8",
- "static_assertions",
  "termtree",
+ "tracing",
  "vortex-buffer",
  "vortex-compute",
  "vortex-dtype",
  "vortex-error",
  "vortex-flatbuffers",
- "vortex-io",
  "vortex-mask",
- "vortex-metrics",
  "vortex-proto",
  "vortex-scalar",
  "vortex-session",
@@ -2079,10 +2281,10 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "getrandom 0.3.4",
  "itertools",
- "log",
  "num-traits",
- "rand",
+ "rand 0.9.2",
  "rustc-hash",
+ "tracing",
  "vortex-alp",
  "vortex-array",
  "vortex-buffer",
@@ -2108,9 +2310,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "arrow-buffer",
  "bitvec",
  "bytes",
- "cudarc",
  "itertools",
- "num-traits",
  "simdutf8",
  "vortex-error",
 ]
@@ -2135,10 +2335,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
  "arrow-buffer",
  "arrow-schema",
- "log",
+ "half",
+ "itertools",
  "multiversion",
  "num-traits",
  "paste",
+ "tracing",
  "vortex-buffer",
  "vortex-dtype",
  "vortex-error",
@@ -2146,6 +2348,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "vortex-vector",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "vortex-cuda-macros"
+version = "0.1.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.114",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "vortex-datetime-parts"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -2213,14 +2424,11 @@ name = "vortex-fastlanes"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "arrayref",
- "arrow-buffer",
  "fastlanes",
  "itertools",
  "lending-iterator",
- "log",
  "num-traits",
  "prost",
- "static_assertions",
  "vortex-array",
  "vortex-buffer",
  "vortex-compute",
@@ -2229,8 +2437,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "vortex-mask",
  "vortex-scalar",
  "vortex-session",
- "vortex-utils",
- "vortex-vector",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2239,14 +2445,15 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "flatbuffers",
  "vortex-buffer",
+ "vortex-error",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vortex-fsst"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
- "async-trait",
  "fsst-rs",
+ "num-traits",
  "prost",
  "vortex-array",
  "vortex-buffer",
@@ -2254,7 +2461,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "vortex-error",
  "vortex-mask",
  "vortex-scalar",
- "vortex-vector",
+ "vortex-session",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2266,12 +2473,10 @@ dependencies = [
  "async-stream",
  "async-trait",
  "bytes",
- "cfg-if",
  "futures",
  "getrandom 0.3.4",
  "handle",
  "kanal",
- "log",
  "oneshot",
  "parking_lot",
  "pin-project-lite",
@@ -2306,14 +2511,12 @@ name = "vortex-layout"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "arcref",
- "arrow-buffer",
  "async-stream",
  "async-trait",
  "flatbuffers",
  "futures",
  "itertools",
  "kanal",
- "log",
  "moka",
  "once_cell",
  "oneshot",
@@ -2324,6 +2527,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "prost",
  "rustc-hash",
  "termtree",
+ "tracing",
  "uuid",
  "vortex-array",
  "vortex-btrblocks",
@@ -2346,6 +2550,7 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "vortex-mask"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
+ "arrow-buffer",
  "itertools",
  "vortex-buffer",
  "vortex-error",
@@ -2357,25 +2562,24 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "getrandom 0.3.4",
  "parking_lot",
+ "portable-atomic",
+ "sketches-ddsketch",
  "vortex-session",
- "witchcraft-metrics",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vortex-pco"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
- "itertools",
  "pco",
  "prost",
  "vortex-array",
  "vortex-buffer",
- "vortex-compute",
  "vortex-dtype",
  "vortex-error",
  "vortex-mask",
  "vortex-scalar",
- "vortex-vector",
+ "vortex-session",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2391,7 +2595,6 @@ name = "vortex-runend"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "arrow-array",
- "arrow-buffer",
  "itertools",
  "num-traits",
  "prost",
@@ -2401,6 +2604,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "vortex-error",
  "vortex-mask",
  "vortex-scalar",
+ "vortex-session",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2419,7 +2623,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "vortex-mask",
  "vortex-proto",
  "vortex-utils",
- "vortex-vector",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2431,9 +2634,9 @@ dependencies = [
  "bit-vec",
  "futures",
  "itertools",
- "log",
  "parking_lot",
  "sketches-ddsketch",
+ "tracing",
  "vortex-array",
  "vortex-buffer",
  "vortex-dtype",
@@ -2455,18 +2658,19 @@ dependencies = [
  "vortex-buffer",
  "vortex-dtype",
  "vortex-error",
- "vortex-io",
  "vortex-mask",
  "vortex-proto",
+ "vortex-runend",
  "vortex-scalar",
- "vortex-vector",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vortex-session"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
+ "arcref",
  "dashmap",
+ "parking_lot",
  "vortex-error",
  "vortex-utils",
 ]
@@ -2484,7 +2688,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "vortex-error",
  "vortex-mask",
  "vortex-scalar",
- "vortex-vector",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2493,12 +2696,14 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "dashmap",
  "hashbrown 0.16.1",
+ "vortex-error",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "vortex-vector"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
+ "num-traits",
  "paste",
  "static_assertions",
  "vortex-buffer",
@@ -2511,7 +2716,6 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "vortex-zigzag"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
- "itertools",
  "vortex-array",
  "vortex-buffer",
  "vortex-dtype",
@@ -2581,7 +2785,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "bumpalo",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.114",
  "wasm-bindgen-shared",
 ]
 
@@ -2632,7 +2836,7 @@ checksum = "053e2e040ab57b9dc951b72c264860db7eb3b0200ba345b4e4c3b14f67855ddf"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.114",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2643,7 +2847,7 @@ checksum = "3f316c4a2570ba26bbec722032c4099d8c8bc095efccdc15688708623367e358"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.114",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2670,6 +2874,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "windows-link",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-sys"
+version = "0.59.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1e38bc4d79ed67fd075bcc251a1c39b32a1776bbe92e5bef1f0bf1f8c531853b"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-targets",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows-sys"
 version = "0.61.2"
@@ -2680,24 +2893,84 @@ dependencies = [
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "wit-bindgen"
-version = "0.46.0"
+name = "windows-targets"
+version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f17a85883d4e6d00e8a97c586de764dabcc06133f7f1d55dce5cdc070ad7fe59"
+checksum = "9b724f72796e036ab90c1021d4780d4d3d648aca59e491e6b98e725b84e99973"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows_aarch64_gnullvm",
+ "windows_aarch64_msvc",
+ "windows_i686_gnu",
+ "windows_i686_gnullvm",
+ "windows_i686_msvc",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnu",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnullvm",
+ "windows_x86_64_msvc",
+]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "witchcraft-metrics"
-version = "1.0.1"
+name = "windows_aarch64_gnullvm"
+version = "0.52.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "32a4622180e7a0ec044bb555404c800bc9fd9ec262ec147edd5989ccd0c02cd3"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_aarch64_msvc"
+version = "0.52.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "09ec2a7bb152e2252b53fa7803150007879548bc709c039df7627cabbd05d469"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_i686_gnu"
+version = "0.52.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8e9b5ad5ab802e97eb8e295ac6720e509ee4c243f69d781394014ebfe8bbfa0b"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_i686_gnullvm"
+version = "0.52.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0eee52d38c090b3caa76c563b86c3a4bd71ef1a819287c19d586d7334ae8ed66"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_i686_msvc"
+version = "0.52.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "240948bc05c5e7c6dabba28bf89d89ffce3e303022809e73deaefe4f6ec56c66"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
+version = "0.52.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "147a5c80aabfbf0c7d901cb5895d1de30ef2907eb21fbbab29ca94c5b08b1a78"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
+version = "0.52.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "24d5b23dc417412679681396f2b49f3de8c1473deb516bd34410872eff51ed0d"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
+version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "867a74dec702d742179279ab0b5bcab72ca5858c0c3ccf870bdb5c99f54d675b"
+checksum = "589f6da84c646204747d1270a2a5661ea66ed1cced2631d546fdfb155959f9ec"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "winnow"
+version = "0.7.14"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5a5364e9d77fcdeeaa6062ced926ee3381faa2ee02d3eb83a5c27a8825540829"
 dependencies = [
- "exponential-decay-histogram",
- "once_cell",
- "parking_lot",
- "serde",
- "serde-value",
+ "memchr",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "wit-bindgen"
+version = "0.46.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f17a85883d4e6d00e8a97c586de764dabcc06133f7f1d55dce5cdc070ad7fe59"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "writeable"
 version = "0.6.2"
@@ -2713,6 +2986,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "tap",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "yansi"
+version = "1.0.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "cfe53a6657fd280eaa890a3bc59152892ffa3e30101319d168b781ed6529b049"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "yoke"
 version = "0.8.1"
@@ -2732,7 +3011,7 @@ checksum = "b659052874eb698efe5b9e8cf382204678a0086ebf46982b79d6ca3182927e5d"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.114",
  "synstructure",
 ]
 
@@ -2753,7 +3032,7 @@ checksum = "d8a8d209fdf45cf5138cbb5a506f6b52522a25afccc534d1475dad8e31105c6a"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.114",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2773,7 +3052,7 @@ checksum = "d71e5d6e06ab090c67b5e44993ec16b72dcbaabc526db883a360057678b48502"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.114",
  "synstructure",
 ]
 
@@ -2807,7 +3086,7 @@ checksum = "eadce39539ca5cb3985590102671f2567e659fca9666581ad3411d59207951f3"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.111",
+ "syn 2.0.114",
 ]
 
 [[package]]

From 2d98c9761606c5ac3d134e1e692b18da50bae4c3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Adam Gutglick <adam@spiraldb.com>
Date: Wed, 28 Jan 2026 16:04:27 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 2/6] cleanup

Signed-off-by: Adam Gutglick <adam@spiraldb.com>
---
 wasm-test/.gitignore |    1 +
 wasm-test/Cargo.lock | 3099 ------------------------------------------
 2 files changed, 1 insertion(+), 3099 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 wasm-test/.gitignore
 delete mode 100644 wasm-test/Cargo.lock

diff --git a/wasm-test/.gitignore b/wasm-test/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ffa3bbd20ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wasm-test/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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From ae8bfcd6c7f33623637dc51129d0abd114f429aa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Adam Gutglick <adam@spiraldb.com>
Date: Wed, 28 Jan 2026 16:52:50 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 3/6] Wire labels in more things

Signed-off-by: Adam Gutglick <adam@spiraldb.com>
---
 benchmarks/datafusion-bench/src/main.rs     |  4 +-
 vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/metrics.rs |  3 +-
 vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/opener.rs  | 21 ++++----
 vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/source.rs  | 12 ++---
 vortex-file/src/open.rs                     | 55 ++++++++++++---------
 vortex-file/src/read/driver.rs              | 45 +++++------------
 vortex-file/src/segments/source.rs          | 30 ++++++++++-
 vortex-layout/src/segments/cache.rs         | 20 ++++++--
 vortex-metrics/src/counter.rs               |  2 +-
 vortex-metrics/src/gauge.rs                 |  6 +++
 vortex-metrics/src/histogram.rs             |  6 +++
 vortex-metrics/src/lib.rs                   | 12 +++--
 vortex-metrics/src/timer.rs                 |  6 +++
 vortex-python/src/file.rs                   |  4 +-
 vortex-scan/src/scan_builder.rs             | 10 ++--
 15 files changed, 144 insertions(+), 92 deletions(-)

diff --git a/benchmarks/datafusion-bench/src/main.rs b/benchmarks/datafusion-bench/src/main.rs
index 6be64e5bbad..14425e8c949 100644
--- a/benchmarks/datafusion-bench/src/main.rs
+++ b/benchmarks/datafusion-bench/src/main.rs
@@ -320,9 +320,9 @@ fn print_metrics(plans: &[(usize, Format, Arc<dyn ExecutionPlan>)]) {
 
         eprintln!("metrics for query={query_idx}, {format}:");
         for (scan_idx, metrics_set) in metric_sets.iter().enumerate() {
-            eprintln!("  scan[{scan_idx}]:");
+            eprintln!("\tscan[{scan_idx}]:");
             for metric in metrics_set.clone().aggregate().sorted_for_display().iter() {
-                eprintln!("    {metric}");
+                eprintln!("\t\t{metric}");
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/metrics.rs b/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/metrics.rs
index 968af4a280d..633802f5082 100644
--- a/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/metrics.rs
+++ b/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/metrics.rs
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ use vortex::metrics::MetricValue;
 use crate::persistent::source::VortexSource;
 
 pub(crate) static PARTITION_LABEL: &str = "partition";
+pub(crate) static PATH_LABEL: &str = "file_path";
 
 /// Extracts datafusion metrics from all VortexExec instances in
 /// a given physical plan.
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ impl ExecutionPlanVisitor for VortexMetricsFinder {
             {
                 let mut set = MetricsSet::new();
                 for metric in scan
-                    .vx_metrics()
+                    .metrics_registry()
                     .snapshot()
                     .iter()
                     .flat_map(metric_to_datafusion)
diff --git a/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/opener.rs b/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/opener.rs
index ea9d1a89a63..15a2a81887a 100644
--- a/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/opener.rs
+++ b/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/opener.rs
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ use vortex::error::VortexError;
 use vortex::file::OpenOptionsSessionExt;
 use vortex::io::InstrumentedReadAt;
 use vortex::layout::LayoutReader;
+use vortex::metrics::Label;
 use vortex::metrics::MetricsRegistry;
 use vortex::scan::ScanBuilder;
 use vortex::session::VortexSession;
@@ -51,6 +52,7 @@ use crate::convert::exprs::ProcessedProjection;
 use crate::convert::exprs::make_vortex_predicate;
 use crate::convert::schema::calculate_physical_schema;
 use crate::metrics::PARTITION_LABEL;
+use crate::metrics::PATH_LABEL;
 use crate::persistent::cache::CachedVortexMetadata;
 use crate::persistent::stream::PrunableStream;
 
@@ -96,6 +98,10 @@ impl FileOpener for VortexOpener {
     fn open(&self, file: PartitionedFile) -> DFResult<FileOpenFuture> {
         let session = self.session.clone();
         let metrics_registry = self.metrics_registry.clone();
+        let labels = vec![
+            Label::new(PATH_LABEL, file.path().to_string()),
+            Label::new(PARTITION_LABEL, self.partition.to_string()),
+        ];
 
         let mut projection = self.projection.clone();
         let mut filter = self.filter.clone();
@@ -104,14 +110,8 @@ impl FileOpener for VortexOpener {
             .vortex_reader_factory
             .create_reader(file.path().as_ref(), &session)?;
 
-        let reader = InstrumentedReadAt::new_with_labels(
-            reader,
-            metrics_registry.as_ref(),
-            [
-                ("file_path", file.path().to_string()),
-                (PARTITION_LABEL, self.partition.to_string()),
-            ],
-        );
+        let reader =
+            InstrumentedReadAt::new_with_labels(reader, metrics_registry.as_ref(), labels.clone());
 
         let file_pruning_predicate = self.file_pruning_predicate.clone();
         let expr_adapter_factory = self.expr_adapter_factory.clone();
@@ -177,7 +177,8 @@ impl FileOpener for VortexOpener {
             let mut open_opts = session
                 .open_options()
                 .with_file_size(file.object_meta.size)
-                .with_metrics(metrics_registry.clone());
+                .with_metrics_registry(metrics_registry.clone())
+                .with_labels(labels);
 
             if let Some(file_metadata_cache) = file_metadata_cache
                 && let Some(file_metadata) = file_metadata_cache.get(&file.object_meta)
@@ -326,7 +327,7 @@ impl FileOpener for VortexOpener {
             }
 
             let stream = scan_builder
-                .with_metrics(metrics_registry)
+                .with_metrics_registry(metrics_registry)
                 .with_projection(scan_projection)
                 .with_some_filter(filter)
                 .with_ordered(has_output_ordering)
diff --git a/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/source.rs b/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/source.rs
index 6aa3ae58afc..53bdd639b38 100644
--- a/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/source.rs
+++ b/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/source.rs
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ pub struct VortexSource {
     layout_readers: Arc<DashMap<Path, Weak<dyn LayoutReader>>>,
     expression_convertor: Arc<dyn ExpressionConvertor>,
     pub(crate) vortex_reader_factory: Option<Arc<dyn VortexReaderFactory>>,
-    vx_metrics: Arc<dyn MetricsRegistry>,
+    vx_metrics_registry: Arc<dyn MetricsRegistry>,
     file_metadata_cache: Option<Arc<dyn FileMetadataCache>>,
 }
 
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ impl VortexSource {
             layout_readers: Arc::new(DashMap::default()),
             expression_convertor: Arc::new(DefaultExpressionConvertor::default()),
             vortex_reader_factory: None,
-            vx_metrics: Arc::new(DefaultMetricsRegistry::default()),
+            vx_metrics_registry: Arc::new(DefaultMetricsRegistry::default()),
             file_metadata_cache: None,
         }
     }
@@ -108,9 +108,9 @@ impl VortexSource {
         self
     }
 
-    /// The metrics instance attached to this source.
-    pub fn vx_metrics(&self) -> &Arc<dyn MetricsRegistry> {
-        &self.vx_metrics
+    /// Returns the [`MetricsRegistry`] attached to this source.
+    pub fn metrics_registry(&self) -> &Arc<dyn MetricsRegistry> {
+        &self.vx_metrics_registry
     }
 
     /// Override the file metadata cache
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ impl FileSource for VortexSource {
             table_schema: self.table_schema.clone(),
             batch_size,
             limit: base_config.limit.map(|l| l as u64),
-            metrics_registry: self.vx_metrics.clone(),
+            metrics_registry: self.vx_metrics_registry.clone(),
             layout_readers: self.layout_readers.clone(),
             has_output_ordering: !base_config.output_ordering.is_empty(),
             expression_convertor: Arc::new(DefaultExpressionConvertor::default()),
diff --git a/vortex-file/src/open.rs b/vortex-file/src/open.rs
index e6f258180ae..b45e3d1bdc8 100644
--- a/vortex-file/src/open.rs
+++ b/vortex-file/src/open.rs
@@ -14,14 +14,15 @@ use vortex_error::VortexExpect;
 use vortex_error::VortexResult;
 use vortex_io::VortexReadAt;
 use vortex_io::session::RuntimeSessionExt;
+use vortex_layout::segments::InstrumentedSegmentCache;
 use vortex_layout::segments::NoOpSegmentCache;
 use vortex_layout::segments::SegmentCache;
-use vortex_layout::segments::SegmentCacheMetrics;
 use vortex_layout::segments::SegmentCacheSourceAdapter;
 use vortex_layout::segments::SegmentId;
 use vortex_layout::segments::SharedSegmentSource;
 use vortex_layout::session::LayoutSessionExt;
 use vortex_metrics::DefaultMetricsRegistry;
+use vortex_metrics::Label;
 use vortex_metrics::MetricsRegistry;
 use vortex_session::VortexSession;
 use vortex_utils::aliases::hash_map::HashMap;
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ use crate::VortexFile;
 use crate::footer::Footer;
 use crate::segments::FileSegmentSource;
 use crate::segments::InitialReadSegmentCache;
+use crate::segments::RequestMetrics;
 
 const INITIAL_READ_SIZE: usize = MAX_POSTSCRIPT_SIZE as usize + EOF_SIZE;
 
@@ -41,7 +43,7 @@ pub struct VortexOpenOptions {
     /// The session to use for opening the file.
     session: VortexSession,
     /// Cache to use for file segments.
-    segment_cache: Arc<dyn SegmentCache>,
+    segment_cache: Option<Arc<dyn SegmentCache>>,
     /// The number of bytes to read when parsing the footer.
     initial_read_size: usize,
     /// An optional, externally provided, file size.
@@ -53,7 +55,9 @@ pub struct VortexOpenOptions {
     /// The segments read during the initial read.
     initial_read_segments: RwLock<HashMap<SegmentId, ByteBuffer>>,
     /// A metrics registry for the file.
-    metrics: Option<Arc<dyn MetricsRegistry>>,
+    metrics_registry: Option<Arc<dyn MetricsRegistry>>,
+    /// Default labels applied to all the file's metrics
+    labels: Vec<Label>,
 }
 
 pub trait OpenOptionsSessionExt: ArraySessionExt + LayoutSessionExt + RuntimeSessionExt {
@@ -61,13 +65,14 @@ pub trait OpenOptionsSessionExt: ArraySessionExt + LayoutSessionExt + RuntimeSes
     fn open_options(&self) -> VortexOpenOptions {
         VortexOpenOptions {
             session: self.session(),
-            segment_cache: Arc::new(NoOpSegmentCache),
+            segment_cache: None,
             initial_read_size: INITIAL_READ_SIZE,
             file_size: None,
             dtype: None,
             footer: None,
             initial_read_segments: Default::default(),
-            metrics: None,
+            metrics_registry: None,
+            labels: Vec::default(),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -82,15 +87,10 @@ impl VortexOpenOptions {
 
     /// Configure a custom [`SegmentCache`].
     pub fn with_segment_cache(mut self, segment_cache: Arc<dyn SegmentCache>) -> Self {
-        self.segment_cache = segment_cache;
+        self.segment_cache = Some(segment_cache);
         self
     }
 
-    /// Disable segment caching entirely.
-    pub fn without_segment_cache(self) -> Self {
-        self.with_segment_cache(Arc::new(NoOpSegmentCache))
-    }
-
     /// Configure a known file size.
     ///
     /// This helps to prevent an I/O request to discover the size of the file.
@@ -121,8 +121,14 @@ impl VortexOpenOptions {
     }
 
     /// Configure a custom [`MetricsRegistry`] implementation.
-    pub fn with_metrics(mut self, metrics: Arc<dyn MetricsRegistry>) -> Self {
-        self.metrics = Some(metrics);
+    pub fn with_metrics_registry(mut self, metrics: Arc<dyn MetricsRegistry>) -> Self {
+        self.metrics_registry = Some(metrics);
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Adds labels to all the file's metrics.
+    pub fn with_labels(mut self, labels: Vec<Label>) -> Self {
+        self.labels.extend(labels);
         self
     }
 
@@ -148,39 +154,44 @@ impl VortexOpenOptions {
     /// Open a Vortex file from an in-memory buffer.
     pub fn open_buffer<B: Into<ByteBuffer>>(self, buffer: B) -> VortexResult<VortexFile> {
         // We know this is in memory, so we can open it synchronously.
-        block_on(
-            self.with_initial_read_size(0)
-                .without_segment_cache()
-                .open_read(buffer.into()),
-        )
+        block_on(self.with_initial_read_size(0).open_read(buffer.into()))
     }
 
     /// An API for opening a [`VortexFile`] using any [`VortexReadAt`] implementation.
     pub async fn open_read<R: VortexReadAt + Clone>(self, reader: R) -> VortexResult<VortexFile> {
+        let segment_cache = self
+            .segment_cache
+            .clone()
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| Arc::new(NoOpSegmentCache));
+
         let metrics_registry = self
-            .metrics
+            .metrics_registry
             .clone()
             .unwrap_or_else(|| Arc::new(DefaultMetricsRegistry::default()));
+
         let footer = if let Some(footer) = self.footer {
             footer
         } else {
             self.read_footer(&reader).await?
         };
 
-        let segment_cache = Arc::new(SegmentCacheMetrics::new(
+        let segment_cache = Arc::new(InstrumentedSegmentCache::new(
             InitialReadSegmentCache {
                 initial: self.initial_read_segments,
-                fallback: self.segment_cache,
+                fallback: segment_cache,
             },
             metrics_registry.as_ref(),
+            self.labels.clone(),
         ));
 
+        let metrics = RequestMetrics::new(metrics_registry.as_ref(), self.labels);
+
         // Create a segment source backed by the VortexRead implementation.
         let segment_source = Arc::new(SharedSegmentSource::new(FileSegmentSource::open(
             footer.segment_map().clone(),
             reader,
             self.session.handle(),
-            metrics_registry.as_ref(),
+            metrics,
         )));
 
         // Wrap up the segment source to first resolve segments from the initial read cache.
diff --git a/vortex-file/src/read/driver.rs b/vortex-file/src/read/driver.rs
index eb99d71ba01..b2d7e6cc890 100644
--- a/vortex-file/src/read/driver.rs
+++ b/vortex-file/src/read/driver.rs
@@ -12,16 +12,13 @@ use pin_project_lite::pin_project;
 use vortex_buffer::Alignment;
 use vortex_error::VortexExpect;
 use vortex_io::CoalesceConfig;
-use vortex_metrics::Counter;
-use vortex_metrics::Histogram;
-use vortex_metrics::MetricBuilder;
-use vortex_metrics::MetricsRegistry;
 
 use crate::read::ReadRequest;
 use crate::read::RequestId;
 use crate::read::request::CoalescedRequest;
 use crate::read::request::IoRequest;
 use crate::segments::ReadEvent;
+use crate::segments::RequestMetrics;
 
 pin_project! {
     /// A stream that performs coalescing and prioritization of I/O requests.
@@ -49,7 +46,7 @@ impl<S> IoRequestStream<S> {
         events: S,
         coalesce_window: Option<CoalesceConfig>,
         coalesced_buffer_alignment: Alignment,
-        metrics_registry: &dyn MetricsRegistry,
+        metrics: RequestMetrics,
     ) -> Self
     where
         S: Stream<Item = ReadEvent> + Unpin + Send + 'static,
@@ -58,7 +55,7 @@ impl<S> IoRequestStream<S> {
             events,
             inner_done: false,
             coalesce_window,
-            state: State::new(metrics_registry, coalesced_buffer_alignment),
+            state: State::new(metrics, coalesced_buffer_alignment),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -118,36 +115,17 @@ struct State {
     requests_by_offset: BTreeSet<(u64, RequestId)>,
 
     // Metrics for tracking I/O request patterns
-    metrics: StateMetrics,
+    metrics: RequestMetrics,
     coalesced_buffer_alignment: Alignment,
 }
 
-struct StateMetrics {
-    individual_requests: Counter,
-    coalesced_requests: Counter,
-    num_requests_coalesced: Histogram,
-}
-
-impl StateMetrics {
-    fn new(metrics_registry: &dyn MetricsRegistry) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            individual_requests: MetricBuilder::new(metrics_registry)
-                .counter("io.requests.individual"),
-            coalesced_requests: MetricBuilder::new(metrics_registry)
-                .counter("io.requests.coalesced"),
-            num_requests_coalesced: MetricBuilder::new(metrics_registry)
-                .histogram("io.requests.coalesced.num_coalesced"),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 impl State {
-    fn new(metrics_registry: &dyn MetricsRegistry, coalesced_buffer_alignment: Alignment) -> Self {
+    fn new(metrics: RequestMetrics, coalesced_buffer_alignment: Alignment) -> Self {
         Self {
             requests: BTreeMap::new(),
             polled_requests: BTreeMap::new(),
             requests_by_offset: BTreeSet::new(),
-            metrics: StateMetrics::new(metrics_registry),
+            metrics,
             coalesced_buffer_alignment,
         }
     }
@@ -333,6 +311,7 @@ mod tests {
     use vortex_error::VortexResult;
     use vortex_metrics::DefaultMetricsRegistry;
     use vortex_metrics::MetricValue;
+    use vortex_metrics::MetricsRegistry;
 
     use super::*;
     use crate::read::request::IoRequestInner;
@@ -369,11 +348,12 @@ mod tests {
     ) -> Vec<IoRequest> {
         let event_stream = stream::iter(events);
         let metrics_registry = DefaultMetricsRegistry::default();
+        let metrics = RequestMetrics::new(&metrics_registry, vec![]);
         let io_stream = IoRequestStream::new(
             event_stream,
             coalesce_window,
             coalesced_buffer_alignment,
-            &metrics_registry,
+            metrics,
         );
         io_stream.collect().await
     }
@@ -687,6 +667,7 @@ mod tests {
 
         let event_stream = stream::iter(events);
         let metrics_registry = DefaultMetricsRegistry::default();
+        let metrics = RequestMetrics::new(&metrics_registry, vec![]);
         let io_stream = IoRequestStream::new(
             event_stream,
             Some(CoalesceConfig {
@@ -694,7 +675,7 @@ mod tests {
                 max_size: 1024,
             }),
             Alignment::none(),
-            &metrics_registry,
+            metrics,
         );
 
         let outputs: Vec<IoRequest> = io_stream.collect().await;
@@ -746,9 +727,9 @@ mod tests {
 
         let event_stream = stream::iter(events);
         let metrics_registry = DefaultMetricsRegistry::default();
+        let metrics = RequestMetrics::new(&metrics_registry, vec![]);
         // No coalescing window - should be individual requests
-        let io_stream =
-            IoRequestStream::new(event_stream, None, Alignment::none(), &metrics_registry);
+        let io_stream = IoRequestStream::new(event_stream, None, Alignment::none(), metrics);
 
         let outputs: Vec<IoRequest> = io_stream.collect().await;
         assert_eq!(outputs.len(), 2);
diff --git a/vortex-file/src/segments/source.rs b/vortex-file/src/segments/source.rs
index 4eb320a6ec6..479d0f212ad 100644
--- a/vortex-file/src/segments/source.rs
+++ b/vortex-file/src/segments/source.rs
@@ -21,6 +21,10 @@ use vortex_io::runtime::Handle;
 use vortex_layout::segments::SegmentFuture;
 use vortex_layout::segments::SegmentId;
 use vortex_layout::segments::SegmentSource;
+use vortex_metrics::Counter;
+use vortex_metrics::Histogram;
+use vortex_metrics::Label;
+use vortex_metrics::MetricBuilder;
 use vortex_metrics::MetricsRegistry;
 
 use crate::SegmentSpec;
@@ -69,7 +73,7 @@ impl FileSegmentSource {
         segments: Arc<[SegmentSpec]>,
         reader: R,
         handle: Handle,
-        metrics_registry: &dyn MetricsRegistry,
+        metrics: RequestMetrics,
     ) -> Self {
         let (send, recv) = mpsc::unbounded();
 
@@ -91,7 +95,7 @@ impl FileSegmentSource {
             StreamExt::boxed(recv),
             coalesce_config,
             max_alignment,
-            metrics_registry,
+            metrics,
         )
         .boxed();
 
@@ -203,3 +207,25 @@ impl Drop for ReadFuture {
         drop(self.events.unbounded_send(ReadEvent::Dropped(self.id)));
     }
 }
+
+pub struct RequestMetrics {
+    pub individual_requests: Counter,
+    pub coalesced_requests: Counter,
+    pub num_requests_coalesced: Histogram,
+}
+
+impl RequestMetrics {
+    pub fn new(metrics_registry: &dyn MetricsRegistry, labels: Vec<Label>) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            individual_requests: MetricBuilder::new(metrics_registry)
+                .add_labels(labels.clone())
+                .counter("io.requests.individual"),
+            coalesced_requests: MetricBuilder::new(metrics_registry)
+                .add_labels(labels.clone())
+                .counter("io.requests.coalesced"),
+            num_requests_coalesced: MetricBuilder::new(metrics_registry)
+                .add_labels(labels)
+                .histogram("io.requests.coalesced.num_coalesced"),
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/vortex-layout/src/segments/cache.rs b/vortex-layout/src/segments/cache.rs
index b4fa78073c9..174c6b1e637 100644
--- a/vortex-layout/src/segments/cache.rs
+++ b/vortex-layout/src/segments/cache.rs
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ use vortex_buffer::ByteBuffer;
 use vortex_error::VortexExpect;
 use vortex_error::VortexResult;
 use vortex_metrics::Counter;
+use vortex_metrics::Label;
 use vortex_metrics::MetricBuilder;
 use vortex_metrics::MetricsRegistry;
 
@@ -74,7 +75,8 @@ impl SegmentCache for MokaSegmentCache {
     }
 }
 
-pub struct SegmentCacheMetrics<C> {
+/// Wrapper for [`SegmentCache`] that tracks its hit rate.
+pub struct InstrumentedSegmentCache<C> {
     segment_cache: C,
 
     hits: Counter,
@@ -82,21 +84,29 @@ pub struct SegmentCacheMetrics<C> {
     stores: Counter,
 }
 
-impl<C: SegmentCache> SegmentCacheMetrics<C> {
-    pub fn new(segment_cache: C, metrics_registry: &dyn MetricsRegistry) -> Self {
+impl<C: SegmentCache> InstrumentedSegmentCache<C> {
+    pub fn new(
+        segment_cache: C,
+        metrics_registry: &dyn MetricsRegistry,
+        labels: Vec<Label>,
+    ) -> Self {
         Self {
             segment_cache,
-            hits: MetricBuilder::new(metrics_registry).counter("vortex.file.segments.cache.hits"),
+            hits: MetricBuilder::new(metrics_registry)
+                .add_labels(labels.clone())
+                .counter("vortex.file.segments.cache.hits"),
             misses: MetricBuilder::new(metrics_registry)
+                .add_labels(labels.clone())
                 .counter("vortex.file.segments.cache.misses"),
             stores: MetricBuilder::new(metrics_registry)
+                .add_labels(labels)
                 .counter("vortex.file.segments.cache.stores"),
         }
     }
 }
 
 #[async_trait]
-impl<C: SegmentCache> SegmentCache for SegmentCacheMetrics<C> {
+impl<C: SegmentCache> SegmentCache for InstrumentedSegmentCache<C> {
     async fn get(&self, id: SegmentId) -> VortexResult<Option<ByteBuffer>> {
         let result = self.segment_cache.get(id).await?;
         if result.is_some() {
diff --git a/vortex-metrics/src/counter.rs b/vortex-metrics/src/counter.rs
index e608f972912..03c5e10c17b 100644
--- a/vortex-metrics/src/counter.rs
+++ b/vortex-metrics/src/counter.rs
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ use std::sync::atomic::Ordering;
 pub use portable_atomic::AtomicU64;
 
 /// A commutative value that can only be increased, and starts at 0 on initialization.
-#[derive(Clone)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub struct Counter(Arc<AtomicU64>);
 
 impl Counter {
diff --git a/vortex-metrics/src/gauge.rs b/vortex-metrics/src/gauge.rs
index f8c44aaeac4..5176f0e3a52 100644
--- a/vortex-metrics/src/gauge.rs
+++ b/vortex-metrics/src/gauge.rs
@@ -13,6 +13,12 @@ pub use portable_atomic::AtomicU64;
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct Gauge(Arc<AtomicU64>);
 
+impl std::fmt::Debug for Gauge {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        f.debug_tuple("Gauge").field(&self.value()).finish()
+    }
+}
+
 impl Gauge {
     pub(crate) fn new() -> Self {
         Self(Default::default())
diff --git a/vortex-metrics/src/histogram.rs b/vortex-metrics/src/histogram.rs
index d59eadad44f..353f78f7592 100644
--- a/vortex-metrics/src/histogram.rs
+++ b/vortex-metrics/src/histogram.rs
@@ -16,6 +16,12 @@ use sketches_ddsketch::DDSketch;
 #[derive(Default, Clone)]
 pub struct Histogram(Arc<RwLock<DDSketch>>);
 
+impl std::fmt::Debug for Histogram {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        f.debug_tuple("Histogram").finish_non_exhaustive()
+    }
+}
+
 impl Histogram {
     pub(crate) fn new() -> Self {
         Self(Default::default())
diff --git a/vortex-metrics/src/lib.rs b/vortex-metrics/src/lib.rs
index 08203883e3f..225bd3fd5a6 100644
--- a/vortex-metrics/src/lib.rs
+++ b/vortex-metrics/src/lib.rs
@@ -21,12 +21,18 @@ pub use histogram::*;
 pub use timer::*;
 
 /// A metric KV label.
-#[derive(Clone)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub struct Label {
     key: Cow<'static, str>,
     value: Cow<'static, str>,
 }
 
+impl std::fmt::Display for Label {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{}={}", self.key, self.value)
+    }
+}
+
 impl<K, V> From<(K, V)> for Label
 where
     K: Into<Cow<'static, str>>,
@@ -140,7 +146,7 @@ pub struct DefaultMetricsRegistry {
     inner: Arc<Mutex<Vec<Metric>>>,
 }
 
-#[derive(Clone)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 /// The value of a metric.
 pub enum MetricValue {
     /// Counter value
@@ -178,7 +184,7 @@ impl From<Gauge> for MetricValue {
 }
 
 /// A stored metric with name, labels, and value.
-#[derive(Clone)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub struct Metric {
     name: Cow<'static, str>,
     labels: Vec<Label>,
diff --git a/vortex-metrics/src/timer.rs b/vortex-metrics/src/timer.rs
index 11b32f6f1e8..98759424ccf 100644
--- a/vortex-metrics/src/timer.rs
+++ b/vortex-metrics/src/timer.rs
@@ -18,6 +18,12 @@ use sketches_ddsketch::DDSketch;
 #[derive(Clone, Default)]
 pub struct Timer(Arc<RwLock<DDSketch>>);
 
+impl std::fmt::Debug for Timer {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        f.debug_tuple("Timer").finish_non_exhaustive()
+    }
+}
+
 impl Timer {
     pub(crate) fn new() -> Self {
         Self(Default::default())
diff --git a/vortex-python/src/file.rs b/vortex-python/src/file.rs
index ee76121485e..eb6f0e51e24 100644
--- a/vortex-python/src/file.rs
+++ b/vortex-python/src/file.rs
@@ -66,9 +66,7 @@ pub fn open(
     let vxf = py.detach(|| {
         TOKIO_RUNTIME.block_on(async move {
             let mut options = SESSION.open_options();
-            if without_segment_cache {
-                options = options.without_segment_cache();
-            } else {
+            if !without_segment_cache {
                 // TODO(ngates): use a globally shared segment cache for all files
                 options = options.with_segment_cache(Arc::new(MokaSegmentCache::new(256 << 20)));
             }
diff --git a/vortex-scan/src/scan_builder.rs b/vortex-scan/src/scan_builder.rs
index 08db7ac102b..96bbac0db02 100644
--- a/vortex-scan/src/scan_builder.rs
+++ b/vortex-scan/src/scan_builder.rs
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ pub struct ScanBuilder<A> {
     concurrency: usize,
     /// Function to apply to each [`ArrayRef`] within the spawned split tasks.
     map_fn: Arc<dyn Fn(ArrayRef) -> VortexResult<A> + Send + Sync>,
-    metrics: Option<Arc<dyn MetricsRegistry>>,
+    metrics_registry: Option<Arc<dyn MetricsRegistry>>,
     /// Should we try to prune the file (using stats) on open.
     file_stats: Option<Arc<[StatsSet]>>,
     /// Maximal number of rows to read (after filtering)
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ impl ScanBuilder<ArrayRef> {
             // without too much impact on work-stealing.
             concurrency: 4,
             map_fn: Arc::new(Ok),
-            metrics: None,
+            metrics_registry: None,
             file_stats: None,
             limit: None,
             row_offset: 0,
@@ -175,8 +175,8 @@ impl<A: 'static + Send> ScanBuilder<A> {
         self
     }
 
-    pub fn with_metrics(mut self, metrics: Arc<dyn MetricsRegistry>) -> Self {
-        self.metrics = Some(metrics);
+    pub fn with_metrics_registry(mut self, metrics: Arc<dyn MetricsRegistry>) -> Self {
+        self.metrics_registry = Some(metrics);
         self
     }
 
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ impl<A: 'static + Send> ScanBuilder<A> {
             selection: self.selection,
             split_by: self.split_by,
             concurrency: self.concurrency,
-            metrics: self.metrics,
+            metrics_registry: self.metrics_registry,
             file_stats: self.file_stats,
             limit: self.limit,
             row_offset: self.row_offset,

From a2bef24070344dca1e09dcaed8cab54b360f622e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Adam Gutglick <adam@spiraldb.com>
Date: Wed, 28 Jan 2026 17:01:09 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 4/6] Get rid of portable atomic for now

Signed-off-by: Adam Gutglick <adam@spiraldb.com>
---
 Cargo.lock                    | 1 -
 Cargo.toml                    | 1 -
 vortex-metrics/Cargo.toml     | 3 ---
 vortex-metrics/src/counter.rs | 6 +-----
 vortex-metrics/src/gauge.rs   | 6 +-----
 5 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index d3fdb83fd57..20822526491 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -10844,7 +10844,6 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "getrandom 0.3.4",
  "parking_lot",
- "portable-atomic",
  "sketches-ddsketch",
  "vortex-session",
 ]
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index abe7cde5bf7..f25e858917f 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -177,7 +177,6 @@ parquet = "57.1"
 paste = "1.0.15"
 pco = "0.4.4"
 pin-project-lite = "0.2.15"
-portable-atomic = "1.10"
 primitive-types = { version = "0.14.0" }
 proc-macro2 = "1.0.95"
 prost = "0.14"
diff --git a/vortex-metrics/Cargo.toml b/vortex-metrics/Cargo.toml
index 41a981ba5a0..749701cd183 100644
--- a/vortex-metrics/Cargo.toml
+++ b/vortex-metrics/Cargo.toml
@@ -19,9 +19,6 @@ parking_lot = { workspace = true }
 sketches-ddsketch = { workspace = true }
 vortex-session = { workspace = true }
 
-[target.'cfg(target_pointer_width = "32")'.dependencies]
-portable-atomic = { workspace = true }
-
 [lints]
 workspace = true
 
diff --git a/vortex-metrics/src/counter.rs b/vortex-metrics/src/counter.rs
index 03c5e10c17b..fda03b277dd 100644
--- a/vortex-metrics/src/counter.rs
+++ b/vortex-metrics/src/counter.rs
@@ -2,13 +2,9 @@
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
 
 use std::sync::Arc;
-#[cfg(not(target_pointer_width = "32"))]
-pub use std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64;
+use std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64;
 use std::sync::atomic::Ordering;
 
-#[cfg(target_pointer_width = "32")]
-pub use portable_atomic::AtomicU64;
-
 /// A commutative value that can only be increased, and starts at 0 on initialization.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub struct Counter(Arc<AtomicU64>);
diff --git a/vortex-metrics/src/gauge.rs b/vortex-metrics/src/gauge.rs
index 5176f0e3a52..88d2a928f05 100644
--- a/vortex-metrics/src/gauge.rs
+++ b/vortex-metrics/src/gauge.rs
@@ -2,13 +2,9 @@
 // SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright the Vortex contributors
 
 use std::sync::Arc;
-#[cfg(not(target_pointer_width = "32"))]
-pub use std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64;
+use std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64;
 use std::sync::atomic::Ordering;
 
-#[cfg(target_pointer_width = "32")]
-pub use portable_atomic::AtomicU64;
-
 /// A gauge metric that can increase or decrease, representing a single value at the point of sampling.
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct Gauge(Arc<AtomicU64>);

From cfff979f1e61b7b4f66092e940750d06a3aa4ceb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Adam Gutglick <adam@spiraldb.com>
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2026 10:31:31 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 5/6] One MetricsSet per VortexSource node

Signed-off-by: Adam Gutglick <adam@spiraldb.com>
---
 benchmarks/datafusion-bench/src/main.rs     |  2 +-
 vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/metrics.rs | 87 +++++++++++++++++++--
 2 files changed, 80 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/benchmarks/datafusion-bench/src/main.rs b/benchmarks/datafusion-bench/src/main.rs
index 14425e8c949..0a8e26fde42 100644
--- a/benchmarks/datafusion-bench/src/main.rs
+++ b/benchmarks/datafusion-bench/src/main.rs
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ fn print_metrics(plans: &[(usize, Format, Arc<dyn ExecutionPlan>)]) {
         eprintln!("metrics for query={query_idx}, {format}:");
         for (scan_idx, metrics_set) in metric_sets.iter().enumerate() {
             eprintln!("\tscan[{scan_idx}]:");
-            for metric in metrics_set.clone().aggregate().sorted_for_display().iter() {
+            for metric in metrics_set.aggregate().sorted_for_display().iter() {
                 eprintln!("\t\t{metric}");
             }
         }
diff --git a/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/metrics.rs b/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/metrics.rs
index 633802f5082..7e99430568f 100644
--- a/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/metrics.rs
+++ b/vortex-datafusion/src/persistent/metrics.rs
@@ -47,9 +47,8 @@ impl ExecutionPlanVisitor for VortexMetricsFinder {
     type Error = std::convert::Infallible;
     fn pre_visit(&mut self, plan: &dyn ExecutionPlan) -> Result<bool, Self::Error> {
         if let Some(exec) = plan.as_any().downcast_ref::<DataSourceExec>() {
-            if let Some(metrics) = exec.metrics() {
-                self.0.push(metrics);
-            }
+            // Start with exec metrics or create a new set
+            let mut set = exec.metrics().unwrap_or_default();
 
             // Include our own metrics from VortexSource
             if let Some(file_scan) = exec.data_source().as_any().downcast_ref::<FileScanConfig>()
@@ -58,7 +57,6 @@ impl ExecutionPlanVisitor for VortexMetricsFinder {
                     .as_any()
                     .downcast_ref::<VortexSource>()
             {
-                let mut set = MetricsSet::new();
                 for metric in scan
                     .metrics_registry()
                     .snapshot()
@@ -67,12 +65,14 @@ impl ExecutionPlanVisitor for VortexMetricsFinder {
                 {
                     set.push(Arc::new(metric));
                 }
-
-                self.0.push(set);
             }
-        }
 
-        Ok(true)
+            self.0.push(set);
+
+            Ok(false)
+        } else {
+            Ok(true)
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -193,3 +193,74 @@ fn f_to_u(f: f64) -> Option<usize> {
         // After the range check, truncation is guaranteed to keep the value in usize bounds.
         f.trunc() as usize)
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+
+    use datafusion_datasource::source::DataSourceExec;
+    use datafusion_physical_plan::ExecutionPlanVisitor;
+    use datafusion_physical_plan::accept;
+
+    use super::VortexMetricsFinder;
+    use crate::common_tests::TestSessionContext;
+
+    /// Counts the number of DataSourceExec nodes in a plan.
+    struct DataSourceExecCounter(usize);
+
+    impl ExecutionPlanVisitor for DataSourceExecCounter {
+        type Error = std::convert::Infallible;
+        fn pre_visit(
+            &mut self,
+            plan: &dyn datafusion_physical_plan::ExecutionPlan,
+        ) -> Result<bool, Self::Error> {
+            if plan.as_any().downcast_ref::<DataSourceExec>().is_some() {
+                self.0 += 1;
+                Ok(false)
+            } else {
+                Ok(true)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn metrics_finder_returns_one_set_per_data_source_exec() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let ctx = TestSessionContext::default();
+
+        ctx.session
+            .sql(
+                "CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE my_tbl \
+                (c1 VARCHAR NOT NULL, c2 INT NOT NULL) \
+                STORED AS vortex \
+                LOCATION 'files/'",
+            )
+            .await?;
+
+        ctx.session
+            .sql("INSERT INTO my_tbl VALUES ('a', 1), ('b', 2)")
+            .await?
+            .collect()
+            .await?;
+
+        let df = ctx.session.sql("SELECT * FROM my_tbl").await?;
+        let (state, plan) = df.into_parts();
+        let physical_plan = state.create_physical_plan(&plan).await?;
+
+        // Count DataSourceExec nodes
+        let mut counter = DataSourceExecCounter(0);
+        accept(physical_plan.as_ref(), &mut counter)?;
+
+        // Get metrics sets
+        let metrics_sets = VortexMetricsFinder::find_all(physical_plan.as_ref());
+
+        assert!(!metrics_sets.is_empty());
+        assert_eq!(
+            metrics_sets.len(),
+            counter.0,
+            "Expected one MetricsSet per DataSourceExec, got {} sets for {} DataSourceExec nodes",
+            metrics_sets.len(),
+            counter.0
+        );
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}

From ff7bbe3fc81ef6ea2ba3c86f85f97ca7cc815fa9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Adam Gutglick <adam@spiraldb.com>
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2026 11:43:51 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 6/6] Exclude datafusion from windows tests

Signed-off-by: Adam Gutglick <adam@spiraldb.com>
---
 .github/workflows/ci.yml | 6 +++++-
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index 6f9ed52e131..7f44923a4fa 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -584,7 +584,11 @@ jobs:
       - name: Rust Tests (Windows)
         if: matrix.os == 'windows-x64'
         run: |
-          cargo nextest run --locked --workspace --all-features --no-fail-fast --exclude vortex-bench --exclude vortex-python --exclude vortex-duckdb --exclude vortex-fuzz --exclude vortex-cuda --exclude vortex-nvcomp --exclude vortex-cub --exclude vortex-test-e2e-cuda --exclude duckdb-bench --exclude lance-bench --exclude datafusion-bench --exclude random-access-bench --exclude compress-bench --exclude xtask
+          cargo nextest run --locked --workspace --all-features --no-fail-fast --exclude vortex-bench `
+            --exclude vortex-python --exclude vortex-duckdb --exclude vortex-fuzz --exclude vortex-cuda `
+            --exclude vortex-nvcomp --exclude vortex-cub --exclude vortex-test-e2e-cuda --exclude duckdb-bench `
+            --exclude lance-bench --exclude datafusion-bench --exclude random-access-bench --exclude compress-bench `
+            --exclude xtask --exclude vortex-datafusion
       - name: Rust Tests (Other)
         if: matrix.os != 'windows-x64'
         run: cargo nextest run --locked --workspace --all-features --no-fail-fast --exclude vortex-bench --exclude xtask