Add lambda expression and map() + filter() functions with ARM syntax

dsc/tests/dsc_lambda.tests.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+# Licensed under the MIT License.
+
+Describe 'map() function with lambda tests' {
+    It 'map with simple lambda multiplies each element by 2' {
+        $config_yaml = @'
+$schema: https://aka.ms/dsc/schemas/v3/bundled/config/document.json
+parameters:
+  numbers:
+    type: array
+    defaultValue: [1, 2, 3]
+resources:
+- name: Echo
+  type: Microsoft.DSC.Debug/Echo
+  properties:
+    output: "[map(parameters('numbers'), lambda('x', mul(lambdaVariables('x'), 2)))]"
+'@
+        $out = $config_yaml | dsc config get -f - | ConvertFrom-Json
+        $LASTEXITCODE | Should -Be 0
+        $out.results[0].result.actualState.output | Should -Be @(2,4,6)
+    }
+
+    It 'map with lambda using index parameter' {
+        $config_yaml = @'
+$schema: https://aka.ms/dsc/schemas/v3/bundled/config/document.json
+parameters:
+  items:
+    type: array
+    defaultValue: [10, 20, 30]
+resources:
+- name: Echo
+  type: Microsoft.DSC.Debug/Echo
+  properties:
+    output: "[map(parameters('items'), lambda('val', 'i', add(lambdaVariables('val'), lambdaVariables('i'))))]"
+'@
+        $out = $config_yaml | dsc config get -f - | ConvertFrom-Json
+        $LASTEXITCODE | Should -Be 0
+        $out.results[0].result.actualState.output | Should -Be @(10,21,32)
+    }
+
+    It 'map with range generates array' {
+        $config_yaml = @'
+$schema: https://aka.ms/dsc/schemas/v3/bundled/config/document.json
+resources:
+- name: Echo
+  type: Microsoft.DSC.Debug/Echo
+  properties:
+    output: "[map(range(0, 3), lambda('x', mul(lambdaVariables('x'), 3)))]"
+'@
+        $out = $config_yaml | dsc config get -f - | ConvertFrom-Json
+        $LASTEXITCODE | Should -Be 0
+        $out.results[0].result.actualState.output | Should -Be @(0,3,6)
+    }
+
+    It 'map returns empty array for empty input' {
+        $config_yaml = @'
+$schema: https://aka.ms/dsc/schemas/v3/bundled/config/document.json
+resources:
+- name: Echo
+  type: Microsoft.DSC.Debug/Echo
+  properties:
+    output: "[map(createArray(), lambda('x', mul(lambdaVariables('x'), 2)))]"
+'@
+        $out = $config_yaml | dsc config get -f - | ConvertFrom-Json
+        $LASTEXITCODE | Should -Be 0
+        $out.results[0].result.actualState.output | Should -Be $null
+    }
+}

lib/dsc-lib/locales/en-us.toml

@@ -401,11 +401,33 @@ invalidObjectElement = "Array elements cannot be objects"
 description = "Converts a valid JSON string into a JSON data type"
 invalidJson = "Invalid JSON string"
 
+[functions.lambda]
+description = "Creates a lambda function with parameters and a body expression"
+cannotInvokeDirectly = "lambda() should not be invoked directly"
+requiresArgs = "lambda() requires at least 2 arguments"
+requiresParamAndBody = "lambda() requires at least one parameter name and a body expression"
+paramsMustBeStrings = "lambda() parameter names must be string literals"
+bodyMustBeExpression = "lambda() body must be an expression"
+
+[functions.lambdaVariables]
+description = "Retrieves the value of a lambda parameter"
+invoked = "lambdaVariables function"
+paramNameMustBeString = "lambdaVariables() parameter name must be a string"
+notFound = "Lambda parameter '%{name}' not found in current context"
+
 [functions.lastIndexOf]
 description = "Returns the index of the last occurrence of an item in an array"
 invoked = "lastIndexOf function"
 invalidArrayArg = "First argument must be an array"
 
+[functions.map]
+description = "Transforms an array by applying a lambda function to each element"
+invoked = "map function"
+firstArgMustBeArray = "map() first argument must be an array"
+secondArgMustBeLambda = "map() second argument must be a lambda function"
+lambdaNotFound = "Lambda function with ID '%{id}' not found"
+lambdaMustHave1Or2Params = "map() lambda must have 1 or 2 parameters (element and optional index)"
+
 [functions.length]
 description = "Returns the length of a string, array, or object"
 invoked = "length function"
@@ -630,6 +652,7 @@ functionName = "Function name: '%{name}'"
 argIsExpression = "Argument is an expression"
 argIsValue = "Argument is a value: '%{value}'"
 unknownArgType = "Unknown argument type '%{kind}'"
+unexpectedLambda = "Lambda expressions cannot be used as function arguments directly. Use the lambda() function to create a lambda expression."
 
 [parser]
 parsingStatement = "Parsing statement: %{statement}"

lib/dsc-lib/src/configure/context.rs

@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ pub struct Context {
     pub dsc_version: Option<String>,
     pub execution_type: ExecutionKind,
     pub extensions: Vec<DscExtension>,
+    pub lambda_variables: HashMap<String, Value>,
+    pub lambdas: std::cell::RefCell<HashMap<String, crate::parser::functions::Lambda>>,
     pub outputs: Map<String, Value>,
     pub parameters: HashMap<String, (Value, DataType)>,
     pub process_expressions: bool,
@@ -48,6 +50,8 @@ impl Context {
             dsc_version: None,
             execution_type: ExecutionKind::Actual,
             extensions: Vec::new(),
+            lambda_variables: HashMap::new(),
+            lambdas: std::cell::RefCell::new(HashMap::new()),
             outputs: Map::new(),
             parameters: HashMap::new(),
             process_expressions: true,

lib/dsc-lib/src/functions/lambda.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+// Licensed under the MIT License.
+
+use crate::DscError;
+use crate::configure::context::Context;
+use crate::functions::{FunctionArgKind, Function, FunctionCategory, FunctionMetadata};
+use rust_i18n::t;
+use serde_json::Value;
+
+
+/// The lambda() function is special - it's not meant to be invoked directly
+/// through the normal function dispatcher path. Instead, it's caught in the
+/// Function::invoke method and handled specially via invoke_lambda().
+/// 
+/// This struct exists for metadata purposes and to signal errors if someone
+/// tries to invoke lambda() as a regular function (which shouldn't happen).
+#[derive(Debug, Default)]
+pub struct LambdaFn {}
+
+impl Function for LambdaFn {
+    fn get_metadata(&self) -> FunctionMetadata {
+        FunctionMetadata {
+            name: "lambda".to_string(),
+            description: t!("functions.lambda.description").to_string(),
+            category: vec![FunctionCategory::Lambda],
+            min_args: 2,
+            max_args: 10, // Up to 9 parameters + 1 body
+            accepted_arg_ordered_types: vec![],
+            remaining_arg_accepted_types: None,
+            return_types: vec![FunctionArgKind::Object], // Lambda is represented as a special object
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn invoke(&self, _args: &[Value], _context: &Context) -> Result<Value, DscError> {
+        // This should never be called - lambda() is handled specially in Function::invoke
+        Err(DscError::Parser(t!("functions.lambda.cannotInvokeDirectly").to_string()))
+    }
+}

lib/dsc-lib/src/functions/lambda_variables.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+// Licensed under the MIT License.
+
+use crate::DscError;
+use crate::configure::context::Context;
+use crate::functions::{FunctionArgKind, Function, FunctionCategory, FunctionMetadata};
+use rust_i18n::t;
+use serde_json::Value;
+use tracing::debug;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Default)]
+pub struct LambdaVariables {}
+
+impl Function for LambdaVariables {
+    fn get_metadata(&self) -> FunctionMetadata {
+        FunctionMetadata {
+            name: "lambdaVariables".to_string(),
+            description: t!("functions.lambdaVariables.description").to_string(),
+            category: vec![FunctionCategory::Lambda],
+            min_args: 1,
+            max_args: 1,
+            accepted_arg_ordered_types: vec![vec![FunctionArgKind::String]],
+            remaining_arg_accepted_types: None,
+            return_types: vec![
+                FunctionArgKind::String,
+                FunctionArgKind::Number,
+                FunctionArgKind::Boolean,
+                FunctionArgKind::Array,
+                FunctionArgKind::Object,
+                FunctionArgKind::Null,
+            ],
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn invoke(&self, args: &[Value], context: &Context) -> Result<Value, DscError> {
+        debug!("{}", t!("functions.lambdaVariables.invoked"));
+
+        if args.len() != 1 {
+            return Err(DscError::Parser(t!("functions.invalidArgCount", name = "lambdaVariables", count = 1).to_string()));
+        }
+
+        let Some(var_name) = args[0].as_str() else {
+            return Err(DscError::Parser(t!("functions.lambdaVariables.paramNameMustBeString").to_string()));
+        };
+
+        // Look up the variable in the lambda context
+        if let Some(value) = context.lambda_variables.get(var_name) {
+            Ok(value.clone())
+        } else {
+            Err(DscError::Parser(t!("functions.lambdaVariables.notFound", name = var_name).to_string()))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use serde_json::json;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn lookup_existing_variable() {
+        let mut context = Context::new();
+        context.lambda_variables.insert("x".to_string(), json!(42));
+
+        let func = LambdaVariables {};
+        let result = func.invoke(&[Value::String("x".to_string())], &context).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(result, json!(42));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn lookup_nonexistent_variable() {
+        let context = Context::new();
+        let func = LambdaVariables {};
+        let result = func.invoke(&[Value::String("x".to_string())], &context);
+        assert!(result.is_err());
+    }
+}

lib/dsc-lib/src/functions/map.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+// Licensed under the MIT License.
+
+use crate::DscError;
+use crate::configure::context::Context;
+use crate::functions::{FunctionArgKind, Function, FunctionCategory, FunctionMetadata, FunctionDispatcher};
+use rust_i18n::t;
+use serde_json::Value;
+use tracing::debug;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Default)]
+pub struct Map {}
+
+impl Function for Map {
+    fn get_metadata(&self) -> FunctionMetadata {
+        FunctionMetadata {
+            name: "map".to_string(),
+            description: t!("functions.map.description").to_string(),
+            category: vec![FunctionCategory::Array, FunctionCategory::Lambda],
+            min_args: 2,
+            max_args: 2,
+            accepted_arg_ordered_types: vec![
+                vec![FunctionArgKind::Array],
+                vec![FunctionArgKind::String], // Lambda ID as string
+            ],
+            remaining_arg_accepted_types: None,
+            return_types: vec![FunctionArgKind::Array],
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn invoke(&self, args: &[Value], context: &Context) -> Result<Value, DscError> {
+        debug!("{}", t!("functions.map.invoked"));
+
+        if args.len() != 2 {
+            return Err(DscError::Parser(t!("functions.invalidArgCount", name = "map", count = 2).to_string()));
+        }
+
+        let Some(array) = args[0].as_array() else {
+            return Err(DscError::Parser(t!("functions.map.firstArgMustBeArray").to_string()));
+        };
+
+        let Some(lambda_id) = args[1].as_str() else {
+            return Err(DscError::Parser(t!("functions.map.secondArgMustBeLambda").to_string()));
+        };
+
+        // Retrieve the lambda from context
+        let lambdas = context.lambdas.borrow();
+        let Some(lambda) = lambdas.get(lambda_id) else {
+            return Err(DscError::Parser(t!("functions.map.lambdaNotFound", id = lambda_id).to_string()));
+        };
+
+        // Validate parameter count (1 or 2 parameters)
+        if lambda.parameters.is_empty() || lambda.parameters.len() > 2 {
+            return Err(DscError::Parser(t!("functions.map.lambdaMustHave1Or2Params").to_string()));
+        }
+
+        // Create function dispatcher for evaluating lambda body
+        let dispatcher = FunctionDispatcher::new();
+        let mut result_array = Vec::new();
+
+        // Iterate through array and evaluate lambda for each element
+        for (index, element) in array.iter().enumerate() {
+            // Create a new context with lambda variables bound
+            let mut lambda_context = context.clone();
+
+            // Bind first parameter to array element
+            lambda_context.lambda_variables.insert(
+                lambda.parameters[0].clone(),
+                element.clone()
+            );
+
+            // Bind second parameter to index if provided
+            if lambda.parameters.len() == 2 {
+                lambda_context.lambda_variables.insert(
+                    lambda.parameters[1].clone(),
+                    Value::Number(serde_json::Number::from(index))
+                );
+            }
+
+            // Evaluate lambda body with bound variables
+            let result = lambda.body.invoke(&dispatcher, &lambda_context)?;
+            result_array.push(result);
+        }
+
+        Ok(Value::Array(result_array))
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn requires_two_args() {
+        let func = Map {};
+        let result = func.invoke(&[], &Context::new());
+        assert!(result.is_err());
+    }
+}