Added disarium.py file which checks whether the number is disarium or not

maths/special_numbers/disarium_number.py

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+def is_disarium(num: int) -> bool:
+    """
+    Check if a number is a Disarium number.
+
+    A Disarium number is a number in which the sum of its digits
+    powered with their respective positions is equal to the number itself.
+
+    Args:
+        num (int): The number to check.
+
+    Returns:
+        bool: True if num is a Disarium number, False otherwise.
+
+    Examples:
+    >>> is_disarium(135)
+    True
+    >>> is_disarium(89)
+    True
+    >>> is_disarium(75)
+    False
+    >>> is_disarium(9)
+    True
+    """
+    digits = str(num)
+    total = 0
+    position = 1
+
+    for i in digits:
+        total += int(i) ** position
+        position += 1
+
+    return total == num
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import doctest
+
+    doctest.testmod()