feat(CENG-635): Upgrade to Node24

[BartoszBlizniak]

This pull request updates the project to require Node.js 24 or higher, reflecting this change across the codebase, documentation, and workflows. It also prepares for a new major version release (v2.0.0) and introduces a changelog to document these and future changes.

Node.js 24+ migration:

• Updated the Node.js version in all GitHub Actions workflows from 20 to 24 to ensure compatibility with the new runtime. [1] [2]
• Changed the action.yml runner from node20 to node24 to match the new runtime requirement.
• Added an engines field in package.json to enforce Node.js 24+ for development and usage.

Documentation and versioning:

• Updated all usage examples and badges in README.md to reference v2 and Node.js 24. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
• Bumped the package version to 2.0.0 in package.json to indicate a major, breaking change.
• Added a CHANGELOG.md file following Keep a Changelog format to document the Node.js 24+ requirement and other notable changes.

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

This pull request introduces a breaking change by upgrading the required Node.js version from 20 to 24, incrementing the major version to 2.0.0 to reflect this breaking change.

Key changes:

• Updated Node.js runtime requirement to version 24 across the entire project
• Bumped package version to 2.0.0 to indicate a major breaking change
• Added a CHANGELOG.md file following Keep a Changelog format to document changes

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 5 out of 5 changed files in this pull request and generated 2 comments.

Show a summary per file

File	Description
package.json	Bumped version to 2.0.0 and added engines field requiring Node.js 24+
action.yml	Updated GitHub Action runtime from node20 to node24
README.md	Updated badge to reflect Node.js 24 and all usage examples to reference v2
CHANGELOG.md	Added new changelog file documenting the Node.js 24 requirement and historical v1.0.0 release
.github/workflows/test_install.yml	Updated both test jobs to use Node.js 24 in setup-node action

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