feat(query): tighten procedure overload resolution

[TCeason]

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Summary

• Call-procedure binding now tries an exact signature match, then enumerates same-name overloads; if only one exists, it verifies implicit casts inline and injects them, otherwise it demands explicit casts to avoid ambiguity.
• Added an internal helper to parse stored procedure signatures and judge compatibility so the binder stays concise while still handling nullable/subquery quirks.

Example

statement ok
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE test_cast_int64(x INT64) RETURNS INT64 NOT NULL LANGUAGE SQL AS $$
BEGIN
    RETURN x + 100;
END;
$$;

query T
call procedure test_cast_int64(1);
----
101

Note:

Overloads still require explicit guidance when they would otherwise be ambiguous—e.g. definitions p1(string) and p1(date) make CALL p1('2024-03-03') fail until the caller casts to ::DATE or ::STRING, because the engine can’t infer
which interpretation the literal should take.

Tests

• Unit Test
• Logic Test
• Benchmark Test
• No Test - Explain why

Type of change

• Bug Fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New Feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking Change (fix or feature that could cause existing functionality not to work as expected)
• Documentation Update
• Refactoring
• Performance Improvement
• Other (please describe):

---

This change is 

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[TCeason]

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