fea: support multi index for dataframe where

bigframes/dataframe.py

@@ -2741,9 +2741,9 @@ def where(self, cond, other=None):
         if isinstance(other, bigframes.series.Series):
             raise ValueError("Seires is not a supported replacement type!")
 
-        if self.columns.nlevels > 1 or self.index.nlevels > 1:
+        if self.columns.nlevels > 1:
             raise NotImplementedError(
-                "The dataframe.where() method does not support multi-index and/or multi-column."
+                "The dataframe.where() method does not support multi-column."
             )
 
         aligned_block, (_, _) = self._block.join(cond._block, how="left")

tests/system/small/test_dataframe.py

@@ -375,15 +375,6 @@ def test_insert(scalars_dfs, loc, column, value, allow_duplicates):
     pd.testing.assert_frame_equal(bf_df.to_pandas(), pd_df, check_dtype=False)
 
 
-def test_where_series_cond(scalars_df_index, scalars_pandas_df_index):
-    # Condition is dataframe, other is None (as default).
-    cond_bf = scalars_df_index["int64_col"] > 0
-    cond_pd = scalars_pandas_df_index["int64_col"] > 0
-    bf_result = scalars_df_index.where(cond_bf).to_pandas()
-    pd_result = scalars_pandas_df_index.where(cond_pd)
-    pandas.testing.assert_frame_equal(bf_result, pd_result)
-
-
 def test_mask_series_cond(scalars_df_index, scalars_pandas_df_index):
     cond_bf = scalars_df_index["int64_col"] > 0
     cond_pd = scalars_pandas_df_index["int64_col"] > 0
@@ -395,8 +386,8 @@ def test_mask_series_cond(scalars_df_index, scalars_pandas_df_index):
     pandas.testing.assert_frame_equal(bf_result, pd_result)
 
 
-def test_where_series_multi_index(scalars_df_index, scalars_pandas_df_index):
-    # Test when a dataframe has multi-index or multi-columns.
+def test_where_multi_column(scalars_df_index, scalars_pandas_df_index):
+    # Test when a dataframe has multi-columns.
     columns = ["int64_col", "float64_col"]
     dataframe_bf = scalars_df_index[columns]
 
@@ -409,10 +400,19 @@ def test_where_series_multi_index(scalars_df_index, scalars_pandas_df_index):
         dataframe_bf.where(cond_bf).to_pandas()
     assert (
         str(context.value)
-        == "The dataframe.where() method does not support multi-index and/or multi-column."
+        == "The dataframe.where() method does not support multi-column."
     )
 
 
+def test_where_series_cond(scalars_df_index, scalars_pandas_df_index):
+    # Condition is dataframe, other is None (as default).
+    cond_bf = scalars_df_index["int64_col"] > 0
+    cond_pd = scalars_pandas_df_index["int64_col"] > 0
+    bf_result = scalars_df_index.where(cond_bf).to_pandas()
+    pd_result = scalars_pandas_df_index.where(cond_pd)
+    pandas.testing.assert_frame_equal(bf_result, pd_result)
+
+
 def test_where_series_cond_const_other(scalars_df_index, scalars_pandas_df_index):
     # Condition is a series, other is a constant.
     columns = ["int64_col", "float64_col"]

tests/system/small/test_multiindex.py

@@ -19,6 +19,22 @@
 import bigframes.pandas as bpd
 from bigframes.testing.utils import assert_pandas_df_equal
 
+# Sample MultiIndex for testing DataFrames where() method.
+_MULTI_INDEX = pandas.MultiIndex.from_tuples(
+    [
+        (0, "a"),
+        (1, "b"),
+        (2, "c"),
+        (0, "d"),
+        (1, "e"),
+        (2, "f"),
+        (0, "g"),
+        (1, "h"),
+        (2, "i"),
+    ],
+    names=["A", "B"],
+)
+
 
 def test_multi_index_from_arrays():
     bf_idx = bpd.MultiIndex.from_arrays(
@@ -541,6 +557,140 @@ def test_multi_index_dataframe_join_on(scalars_dfs, how):
     assert_pandas_df_equal(bf_result, pd_result, ignore_order=True)
 
 
+def test_multi_index_dataframe_where_series_cond_none_other(
+    scalars_df_index, scalars_pandas_df_index
+):
+    columns = ["int64_col", "float64_col"]
+
+    # Create multi-index dataframe.
+    dataframe_bf = bpd.DataFrame(
+        scalars_df_index[columns].values,
+        index=_MULTI_INDEX,
+        columns=scalars_df_index[columns].columns,
+    )
+    dataframe_pd = pandas.DataFrame(
+        scalars_pandas_df_index[columns].values,
+        index=_MULTI_INDEX,
+        columns=scalars_pandas_df_index[columns].columns,
+    )
+    dataframe_bf.columns.name = "test_name"
+    dataframe_pd.columns.name = "test_name"
+
+    # When condition is series and other is None.
+    series_cond_bf = dataframe_bf["int64_col"] > 0
+    series_cond_pd = dataframe_pd["int64_col"] > 0
+
+    bf_result = dataframe_bf.where(series_cond_bf).to_pandas()
+    pd_result = dataframe_pd.where(series_cond_pd)
+    pandas.testing.assert_frame_equal(
+        bf_result,
+        pd_result,
+        check_index_type=False,
+        check_dtype=False,
+    )
+    # Assert the index is still MultiIndex after the operation.
+    assert isinstance(bf_result.index, pandas.MultiIndex), "Expected a MultiIndex"
+    assert isinstance(pd_result.index, pandas.MultiIndex), "Expected a MultiIndex"
+
+
+def test_multi_index_dataframe_where_series_cond_dataframe_other(
+    scalars_df_index, scalars_pandas_df_index
+):
+    columns = ["int64_col", "int64_too"]
+
+    # Create multi-index dataframe.
+    dataframe_bf = bpd.DataFrame(
+        scalars_df_index[columns].values,
+        index=_MULTI_INDEX,
+        columns=scalars_df_index[columns].columns,
+    )
+    dataframe_pd = pandas.DataFrame(
+        scalars_pandas_df_index[columns].values,
+        index=_MULTI_INDEX,
+        columns=scalars_pandas_df_index[columns].columns,
+    )
+
+    # When condition is series and other is dataframe.
+    series_cond_bf = dataframe_bf["int64_col"] > 1000.0
+    series_cond_pd = dataframe_pd["int64_col"] > 1000.0
+    dataframe_other_bf = dataframe_bf * 100.0
+    dataframe_other_pd = dataframe_pd * 100.0
+
+    bf_result = dataframe_bf.where(series_cond_bf, dataframe_other_bf).to_pandas()
+    pd_result = dataframe_pd.where(series_cond_pd, dataframe_other_pd)
+    pandas.testing.assert_frame_equal(
+        bf_result,
+        pd_result,
+        check_index_type=False,
+        check_dtype=False,
+    )
+
+
+def test_multi_index_dataframe_where_dataframe_cond_constant_other(
+    scalars_df_index, scalars_pandas_df_index
+):
+    columns = ["int64_col", "float64_col"]
+
+    # Create multi-index dataframe.
+    dataframe_bf = bpd.DataFrame(
+        scalars_df_index[columns].values,
+        index=_MULTI_INDEX,
+        columns=scalars_df_index[columns].columns,
+    )
+    dataframe_pd = pandas.DataFrame(
+        scalars_pandas_df_index[columns].values,
+        index=_MULTI_INDEX,
+        columns=scalars_pandas_df_index[columns].columns,
+    )
+
+    # When condition is dataframe and other is a constant.
+    dataframe_cond_bf = dataframe_bf > 0
+    dataframe_cond_pd = dataframe_pd > 0
+    other = 0
+
+    bf_result = dataframe_bf.where(dataframe_cond_bf, other).to_pandas()
+    pd_result = dataframe_pd.where(dataframe_cond_pd, other)
+    pandas.testing.assert_frame_equal(
+        bf_result,
+        pd_result,
+        check_index_type=False,
+        check_dtype=False,
+    )
+
+
+def test_multi_index_dataframe_where_dataframe_cond_dataframe_other(
+    scalars_df_index, scalars_pandas_df_index
+):
+    columns = ["int64_col", "int64_too", "float64_col"]
+
+    # Create multi-index dataframe.
+    dataframe_bf = bpd.DataFrame(
+        scalars_df_index[columns].values,
+        index=_MULTI_INDEX,
+        columns=scalars_df_index[columns].columns,
+    )
+    dataframe_pd = pandas.DataFrame(
+        scalars_pandas_df_index[columns].values,
+        index=_MULTI_INDEX,
+        columns=scalars_pandas_df_index[columns].columns,
+    )
+
+    # When condition is dataframe and other is dataframe.
+    dataframe_cond_bf = dataframe_bf < 1000.0
+    dataframe_cond_pd = dataframe_pd < 1000.0
+    dataframe_other_bf = dataframe_bf * -1.0
+    dataframe_other_pd = dataframe_pd * -1.0
+
+    bf_result = dataframe_bf.where(dataframe_cond_bf, dataframe_other_bf).to_pandas()
+    pd_result = dataframe_pd.where(dataframe_cond_pd, dataframe_other_pd)
+    pandas.testing.assert_frame_equal(
+        bf_result,
+        pd_result,
+        check_index_type=False,
+        check_dtype=False,
+    )
+
+
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     ("level",),
     [

tests/unit/test_dataframe_polars.py

@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ def test_where_series_multi_index(scalars_df_index, scalars_pandas_df_index):
         dataframe_bf.where(cond_bf).to_pandas()
     assert (
         str(context.value)
-        == "The dataframe.where() method does not support multi-index and/or multi-column."
+        == "The dataframe.where() method does not support multi-column."
     )