feat(core): add support for observation events

[hassiebp]

Important

Adds support for Langfuse observation events by introducing LangfuseEvent class and create_event() method.

• Behavior:
  • Adds create_event() method in client.py to create Langfuse observation events.
  • Introduces LangfuseEvent class in span.py for handling event-specific spans.
  • Events are created as children of the current span, with attributes like name, input, output, metadata, etc.
• Classes:
  • LangfuseSpanWrapper now supports as_type="event".
  • LangfuseEvent class extends LangfuseSpanWrapper for event-specific functionality.
• Misc:
  • Removes abstractmethod decorator from update() in LangfuseSpanWrapper.
  • Adds time_ns import in both client.py and span.py.

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Greptile Summary

Disclaimer: Experimental PR review

This PR adds support for observation events in the Langfuse Python SDK, enabling the creation of event-type observations with automatic timestamp handling and OpenTelemetry integration.

• Added new create_event method in langfuse/_client/client.py for creating event-type observations
• Created new LangfuseEvent class in langfuse/_client/span.py for handling event-specific functionality
• Removed abstract class requirements from LangfuseSpanWrapper to support event implementation
• Added proper event type support in span type definitions and attribute handling
• Maintained consistency with existing tracing patterns and OpenTelemetry integration

[greptile-apps]

LGTM

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